Abstract: A semiconductor memory system includes a controller and a memory device that are optical-interconnected. The controller includes a control logic configured to generate a control signal for controlling the memory device and a transmitter configured to convert the control signal into an optical signal, and output the optical signal. The memory device includes a receiving unit filter configured to convert the optical signal into an electric signal, and the electric signal based on a supply voltage corresponding to a period of the optical signal or the electric signal.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory system includes a memory controller and a memory. The memory controller includes a control signal converting unit converting a control signal into a converted control signal including n sequential clock pulses and a target clock pulse activated after a time period has elapsed from a start point of the n sequential clock pulses, and output the converted clock signal, and a controller transmitting unit converting the converted control signal into an optical signal, and transmitting the optical signal to the memory. The memory includes a memory receiving unit converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, and a control signal re-converting unit detecting the time period from the electrical signal, and converting the control signal into a control signal corresponding to the time period.

Abstract: A memory test system is disclosed. The memory system includes a memory device, a tester generating a clock signal and a test signal for testing the memory device, and an optical splitting module. The optical splitting module comprises an electrical-optical signal converting unit which converts each of the clock signal and the test signal into an optical signal to output the clock signal and the test signal as an optical clock signal and an optical test signal. The optical splitting unit further comprises an optical signal splitting unit which splits each of the optical clock signal and the optical test signal into n signals (n being at least two), and an optical-electrical signal converting unit which receives the split optical clock signal and the split optical test signal to convert the split optical clock signal and the split optical test signal into electrical signals used in the memory device.

Abstract: A bending waveguide is provided including a core having an input end and an output end, wherein the output end has a near field enhanced aperture structure, and a metal cladding enclosing the core. The core is bent in a curve and a radius of curvature of the curve is a resonance radius at which an intensity of transmitted light with respect to a wavelength of incident light is a maximum. Thus, the direction of the incident light can be changed by a predetermined angle while maintaining the field enhancement characteristic of the conventional near field enhanced aperture without an additional optical element.

Abstract: A near field light generating device generating near field light from incident light by using a solid immersion mirror and a heat assisted magnetic recording head with the same are provided. The near field light generating device includes a light source; a waveguide core which transmits light; and a solid immersion mirror, which generates near field light, including an upper transmission surface through which light from the waveguide core is transmitted into the solid immersion mirror, a lower reflection surface, opposite the upper transmission surface, which reflections light incident thereon, lateral reflection surfaces, facing each other at sides of the solid immersion mirror, which reflect light incident thereon, and a lower transmission region disposed at a center of the lower reflection surface. Light reflected from the lateral reflection surfaces forms a light spot on the lower transmission region.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording head (HAMR) head includes a magnetic recording head including a recording pole for applying a magnetic recording field on a magnetic recording medium and a return pole magnetically connected to the recording pole to form a magnetic path, a light source for emitting light, and an optical transmission module including an photonic crystal waveguide disposed at a side of the magnetic recording head to guide light incident from the light source and a nano aperture for enhancing an optical field by varying an intensity distribution of the light guided through the photonic crystal waveguide.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording head and a recording apparatus including the same are provided. The heat-assisted magnetic recording head includes a recording portion which produces magnetic field for recording information to a magnetic recording medium, and a waveguide which transmits light therethrough disposed to be adjacent to the recording portion and which emits the light toward the magnetic recording medium, wherein the waveguide comprises a light incident surface; a tapered portion having progressively narrower sections along the transmission direction of the light incident on the light incident surface and entering the waveguide; and a light-emitting surface which emits the light after the light is transmitted through the tapered portion.

Abstract: A light delivery module, a method of fabricating the same, a heat-assisted magnetic recording head using the light delivery module are provided. The light delivery module delivers light emitted from a light source. The light delivery module includes an optical waveguide having an inclined plane of an angle ? with respect to an incident light axis to deliver an incident light, and a nano aperture changing an energy distribution of the light delivered through the inclined plane to generate an enhanced near-field. The heat-assisted magnetic recording head is mounted on one end of a slider with an air bearing surface to perform a recording operation on a recording medium. The heat-assisted magnetic recording head includes a magnetic path forming unit forming a magnetic field for recording, a light source emitting light for heating a predetermined region of a recording surface of the recording medium, and the light delivery module.

Abstract: Provided is a heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) head gimbal assembly including a light source module including a light source emitting light, an HAMR head including a magnetic recording head including a recording pole for applying a magnetic recording field to a magnetic recording medium and a return pole magnetically connected with the recording pole to form a path of the magnetic field, and an optical transmission module which is formed on one side of the magnetic recording head and guides light incident from the light source module, a head slider including having a trailing edge whereon the HAMR head is formed, and a suspension attached to an end of an actuator arm, wherein the head slider is formed on an end of the suspension, and a sink part in which the light source module is installed and which is formed separated from the head slider, wherein the sink part is formed on a surface on which the head slider of the suspension is formed, and the light source module is formed on a surface on which the

Abstract: Disclosed is a head gimbals assembly for a hard disk for use in a thermally assisted magnetic disk recording medium, in which a laser diode is applied so as to record information with high density, and a method of assembling such a head gimbals assembly.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording head mounted on an end of a slider having an Air Bearing Surface (“ABS”) for recording data on a recording medium. The heat-assisted magnetic recording head includes a magnetic path forming unit that generates a magnetic field for recording the data, a light source that emits light heating a local region of the recording medium, a waveguide located on a side of the magnet path forming unit to transmit the light emitted from the light source, an optical path conversion unit that changes a direction of the light transmitted from the waveguide to the local region of the recording medium, and a nano-aperture that generates an enhanced near-field effect by converting an energy distribution of the light transmitted via the optical path conversion unit.

Abstract: An optical system and an information apparatus using the optical system are provided. The optical system includes an optical bench on which a light source and a photodetector including a main photodetector receiving the light are mounted. A lens unit is coupled to the optical bench, and an optical path separating member separates an optical path of light emitted from the light source and propagating toward the lens unit and an optical path of light incident from the lens unit. The optical system may include a monitor photodetector and/or an optical path forming unit coupled to the optical bench. The monitor photodetector receives a portion of the light emitted from the light source. The optical path forming unit includes a first mirror reflecting the light emitted from the light source and a second mirror reflecting the light incident from the lens unit and reflected by the first mirror.

Abstract: Provided is an optical interconnection system that transmits and receives a three-level signal. The optical interconnection system includes a first and a second optical interconnection device that transmits and receives a two-level signal, and a synthesizer that outputs a three-level signal by synthesizing signals from the first and second optical interconnection devices. The optical interconnection system may transmit and receive a three-level signal while using an optical interconnection device that interconnects a two-level signal.

Abstract: An optical system and an information apparatus using the optical system are provided. The optical system includes an optical bench on which a light source and a photodetector including a main photodetector receiving the light are mounted. A lens unit is coupled to the optical bench, and an optical path separating member separates an optical path of light emitted from the light source and propagating toward the lens unit and an optical path of light incident from the lens unit. The optical system may include a monitor photodetector and/or an optical path forming unit coupled to the optical bench. The monitor photodetector receives a portion of the light emitted from the light source. The optical path forming unit includes a first mirror reflecting the light emitted from the light source and a second mirror reflecting the light incident from the lens unit and reflected by the first mirror.

Abstract: Example embodiments provide a probe card having an optical transmitting unit and a memory tester having the probe card. The probe card may include a plurality of needles connected to test terminals formed in a memory, a plurality of first terminals connected to the needles, a plurality of second terminals connected to the outside and corresponding to the first terminals, and an optical transmitting unit. The optical transmitting unit may connect the first terminals and the second terminals.

Abstract: A multi-chip having an optical interconnection unit is provided. The multi-chip having an optical interconnection unit includes a plurality of silicon chips sequentially stacked, a plurality of optical device arrays on a side of each of the plurality of the silicon chips such that the optical device arrays correspond to each other and a wiring electrically connecting the silicon chip and the optical device array attached to a side of the silicon chip, wherein the corresponding optical device arrays forms an optical connection unit by transmitting and receiving an optical signal between the corresponding optical device arrays in different layers.

Abstract: Provided is a perpendicular magnetic recording medium and a method of manufacturing the same. The perpendicular magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, a buffer layer formed on the substrate, a soft magnetic underlayer formed on the buffer layer, and a recording layer formed on the soft magnetic underlayer.

Abstract: A metallic wave guide and a light delivery module are provided. The metallic waveguide includes a metal body formed of a conductive metal and having an aperture formed therethrough, the aperture having input and output ends. The aperture has a bent portion for changing a light traveling direction between the input and output ends, and a tapered portion between the bent portion and the output end. The tapered portion has a width that is gradually reduced toward the output end, and the aperture is formed in a C-shape by a ridge formed on an inner surface of the metal body.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a waveguide structure includes forming a metal layer of a predetermined size on a substrate to form a structure, forming a lower clad layer on the structure in order to completely cover the metal layer, forming a core layer of a predetermined size on the lower clad layer at the location corresponding to the metal layer, and forming an upper clad layer thereon in order to completely cover the core layer.

Abstract: A light-coupling structure in a type of heat-assisted magnetic recording is provided, the structure not needing a separate additional slider or a suspension arm through reduction in variation amounts of coupling due to vibrations, and being realized as a high efficient, low-cost structure with compact size. The light-coupling structure in a type of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) includes: a waveguide having, at its one end, a mirror part inclined at a certain angle; a slider having one of a groove provided along a width direction of one side thereof contacting the waveguide and a via hole provided along a width direction of one side thereof contacting the waveguide; and a fiber butt-connected to the waveguide by means of a connector provided parallel with the slider.