Abstract: A semiconductor device and a test apparatus including the same, the semiconductor device including a command distributor receiving a serial command that is synchronized with a first clock signal and converting the serial command into a parallel command, a command decoder receiving the parallel command and generating a pattern sequence based on the parallel command, and a signal generator receiving the pattern sequence and generating operating signals synchronized with a second clock signal, wherein a frequency of the first clock signal is less than a frequency of the second clock signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for synthesizing ramalin, and more particularly to a method for synthesizing ramalin, which comprises allowing 2-hydrazinylphenol to react with L-glutamic acid having a protected carboxyl group at C-1 and a protected amino group at C-2, and a method for preventing decomposition of the ramalin. According to the present invention, ramalin having excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities can be synthesized in high yield, and thus can be produced in large amounts. In addition, ramalin can be stably maintained for a long period of time, and thus can be easily used for industrial purposes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel use (anti-inflammatory activity) of Ramalin isolated from the Antarctic lichen Ramalina terebrata, and more specifically to a pharmaceutical composition containing Ramalin as an active ingredient. Ramalin of the invention is a compound derived from natural material, has no toxicity or side effects, and inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the transcription stage to significantly inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) that is a key mediator of inflammatory responses. In addition, it inhibits the activation of the inflammatory mediator NF-?B, inhibits p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK signaling pathways, and inhibits the expression of the LPS receptor TLR4, suggesting that Ramalin has an excellent anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, the composition containing Ramalin can be effectively used to fundamentally treat or prevent inflammatory diseases or immune diseases and to relieve or alleviate the symptoms of the diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel compound having excellent antioxidant activity, isolated from Ramalina terebrata, and more particularly to a novel compound, RAMALIN™, having excellent antioxidant activity, isolated from the Antarctic lichen Ramalina terebrata, a method for preparing the RAMALIN™, and a pharmaceutical composition, a functional food and a functional cosmetic composition, which contain the RAMALIN™ as an active ingredient. The RAMALIN™ according to the invention has significantly excellent antioxidant effects compared to commercially available antioxidants, and thus can be widely used in agents for treating oxidation-related diseases, anti-aging functional foods, functional cosmetic products for skin whitening and wrinkle reduction, etc.

Abstract: A motor having a structure that enhances durability of the motor. The motor includes a stator and a rotor rotatably disposed at an inside outside of the stator. The rotor includes a plurality of rotor cores radially disposed and a plurality of magnets respectively disposed between rotor cores. The area of a lateral surface of each of the magnets adjoining a lateral surface of a corresponding one of the rotor cores is greater than the area of an imaginary plane connecting one end of an upper end portion of each of the magnets to one end of a lower end portion of each of the magnets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for synthesizing ramalin, and more particularly to a method for synthesizing ramalin, which comprises allowing 2-hydrazinylphenol to react with L-glutamic acid having a protected carboxyl group at C-1 and a protected amino group at C-2, and a method for preventing decomposition of the ramalin. According to the present invention, ramalin having excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities can be synthesized in high yield, and thus can be produced in large amounts. In addition, ramalin can be stably maintained for a long period of time, and thus can be easily used for industrial purposes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel use (anti-inflammatory activity) of Ramalin isolated from the Antarctic lichen Ramalina terebrata, and more specifically to a pharmaceutical composition containing Ramalin as an active ingredient. Ramalin of the invention is a compound derived from natural material, has no toxicity or side effects, and inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the transcription stage to significantly inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) that is a key mediator of inflammatory responses. In addition, it inhibits the activation of the inflammatory mediator NF-?B, inhibits p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK signaling pathways, and inhibits the expression of the LPS receptor TLR4, suggesting that Ramalin has an excellent anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, the composition containing Ramalin can be effectively used to fundamentally treat or prevent inflammatory diseases or immune diseases and to relieve or alleviate the symptoms of the diseases.

Abstract: A motor having a structure capable of achieving an enhancement in durability and a washing machine, to which the motor is applied. The motor includes a stator including a plurality of stator cores arranged in a circumferential direction, and coils respectively wound around the stator cores, and a rotor rotatably arranged inside or outside the stator. The rotor includes a plurality of rotor cores arranged in a circumferential direction of the rotor, a plurality of magnets each disposed between neighboring ones of the rotor cores, a molded body having a bridge to support the plurality of rotor cores and the plurality of magnets, and a coupler including coupling ribs outwardly extending from an outer circumferential surface of the bridge in a radial direction of the rotor, and coupling grooves formed at inner ends of the rotor cores supported by the bridge, to receive the coupling ribs, respectively.

Abstract: A motor having a structure capable of achieving a reduction in magnetic flux leakage occurring at a rotor and a washing machine, to which the motor is applied. The motor includes a stator including a plurality of stator cores arranged in a circumferential direction, and coils respectively wound around the stator cores, and a rotor rotatably arranged inside the stator. The rotor includes a plurality of rotor cores arranged in a circumferential direction of the rotor, a plurality of magnets each disposed between neighboring ones of the rotor cores such that the magnet extends in an axial direction of the rotor outwardly of upper and lower surfaces of the neighboring rotor cores, and a molded body to support the plurality of rotor cores and the plurality of magnets. The molding body includes a shaft hole, to which a motor shaft is coupled.

Abstract: An apparatus for magnetizing magnets provided among a plurality of cores of a motor of a washing machine and a method thereof, is capable of fully magnetizing a magnet forming a rotor and including a plurality of teeth disposed around two cores of the plurality of cores, the two cores being laterally provided while interposing one of the magnets therebetween, and a coil being provided around the plurality of teeth to form a magnetic flux to magnetize the one magnet interposed between the two cores laterally provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel compound having excellent antioxidant activity, isolated from Ramalina terebrata, and more particularly to a novel compound, Ramalin, having excellent antioxidant activity, isolated from the Antarctic lichen Ramalina terebrata, a method for preparing the Ramalin, and a pharmaceutical composition, a functional food and a functional cosmetic composition, which contain the Ramalin as an active ingredient. The Ramalin according to the invention has significantly excellent antioxidant effects compared to commercially available antioxidants, and thus can be widely used in agents for treating oxidation-related diseases, anti-aging functional foods, functional cosmetic products for skin whitening and wrinkle reduction, etc.

Abstract: The driving apparatus of a display device calculates a slope using a minimum gray, a maximum gray, a gray average of frame data in a current frame, and a gray average of frame data in a previous frame, and corrects and outputs the input frame data according to the slope, using frame data of one frame. As a result, a gray range of the input image signal can be extended, thereby improving visibility. Further, in a case of a motion picture, even when a difference of a gray range of images of adjacent frames is large, an original image is not distorted due to extension of a gray range. Also, even when noise is included in the input image signal, a gray range can be extended after removing the noise.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a test apparatus including the same, the semiconductor device including a command distributor receiving a serial command that is synchronized with a first clock signal and converting the serial command into a parallel command, a command decoder receiving the parallel command and generating a pattern sequence based on the parallel command, and a signal generator receiving the pattern sequence and generating operating signals synchronized with a second clock signal, wherein a frequency of the first clock signal is less than a frequency of the second clock signal.

Abstract: The driving apparatus of a display device calculates a slope using a minimum gray, a maximum gray, a gray average of frame data in a current frame, and a gray average of frame data in a previous frame, and corrects and outputs the input frame data according to the slope, using frame data of one frame. As a result, a gray range of the input image signal can be extended, thereby improving visibility. Further, in a case of a motion picture, even when a difference of a gray range of images of adjacent frames is large, an original image is not distorted due to extension of a gray range. Also, even when noise is included in the input image signal, a gray range can be extended after removing the noise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for external application enhancing the skin absorption of the active components infused in the composition, more specifically relates to an external application having enhanced skin permeability of the active components by using protease stabilized by &bgr;-1,3-glucan branched with &bgr;-1,6-linkage as an agent for enhancing the skin permeability to weaken the wall properties of the corneous layer.

Abstract: A protein modified to improve its stability, said modified protein being coupled to a &bgr;-1,3-glucan branched with &bgr;-1,6-linkage is provided. A method for the production thereof and a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising the modified protein are also provided. The modified protein shows an improved stability while retaining its activity and being free of skin irritation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for liquid cultivating Schizophyllum commune Fr. for isolation of &bgr;-1,6-branched-&bgr;-1,3-glucan and a composition for external application containing &bgr;-1,6-branched-&bgr;-1,3-glucan as an active ingredient, which can defer skin aging, impart skin whitening effect and cure skin damage effectively.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for liquid cultivating Schizophyllum commune Fr. for isolation of &bgr;-1,6-branched-&bgr;-1,3-glucan and a composition for external application containing &bgr;-1,6-branched-&bgr;-1,3-glucan as an active ingredient, which can defer skin aging, impart skin whitening effect and cure skin damage effectively.