Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a metal film and a complex capping layer covering a top surface of the metal film. The metal film includes a first metal, and penetrates at least a portion of an insulating film formed over a substrate. The complex capping layer includes a conductive alloy capping layer covering the top surface of the metal film, and an insulating capping layer covering a top surface of the conductive alloy capping layer and a top surface of the insulating film. The conductive alloy capping layer includes a semiconductor element and a second metal different from the first metal. The insulating capping layer includes a third metal.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method of forming micropatterns, including: forming an etching target film on a substrate; forming a photosensitivity assisting layer on the etching target film, the photosensitivity assisting layer being terminated with a hydrophilic group; forming an adhesive layer on the photosensitivity assisting layer, the adhesive layer forming a covalent bond with the hydrophilic group; forming a hydrophobic photoresist film on the adhesive layer; and patterning the photoresist film.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) device includes a lower wiring structure including a lower metal film. The lower wiring structure penetrates at least a portion of a first insulating film disposed over a substrate. The IC device further includes a capping layer covering a top surface of the lower metal film, a second insulating film covering the capping layer, an upper wiring structure penetrating the second insulating film and the capping layer, and electrically connected to the lower metal film, and an air gap disposed between the lower metal film and the second insulating film. The air gap has a width defined by a distance between the capping layer and the upper wiring structure.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) device includes a lower wiring structure including a lower metal film. The lower wiring structure penetrates at least a portion of a first insulating film disposed over a substrate. The IC device further includes a capping layer covering a top surface of the lower metal film, a second insulating film covering the capping layer, an upper wiring structure penetrating the second insulating film and the capping layer, and electrically connected to the lower metal film, and an air gap disposed between the lower metal film and the second insulating film. The air gap has a width defined by a distance between the capping layer and the upper wiring structure.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a metal film and a complex capping layer covering a top surface of the metal film. The metal film includes a first metal, and penetrates at least a portion of an insulating film formed over a substrate. The complex capping layer includes a conductive alloy capping layer covering the top surface of the metal film, and an insulating capping layer covering a top surface of the conductive alloy capping layer and a top surface of the insulating film. The conductive alloy capping layer includes a semiconductor element and a second metal different from the first metal. The insulating capping layer includes a third metal.

Abstract: A core for casting a turbine blade to form at least one cooling passage in a wing portion of the turbine blade, wherein the wing portion includes a leading edge region and a trailing edge region, and has a streamlined cross-section, the core including: at least one of a first core unit having a shape corresponding to a cooling passage located at the leading edge region and a second core unit spaced apart from the first core unit and having a shape corresponding to a cooling passage located at the trailing edge region, wherein each of the first core unit and the second core unit includes: a plurality of extending portions extending in a longitudinal direction and located substantially parallel to one another; at least one curved portion connecting adjacent ends of the plurality of extending portions; and at least one through-portion located between the plurality of extending portions and having an empty space extending in a width direction of the wing portion.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, a turbine apparatus includes a shaft; a turbine disk provided on the shaft and having a plurality of protrusions protruding in a direction of the shaft; blades provided on the turbine disk; a support plate provided on the turbine disk and having a plurality of latching portions engaged with the plurality of protrusions; a plurality of first fixing blocks located between the plurality of latching portions; and a second fixing block located between the plurality of protrusions and fixed to the plurality of first fixing blocks, wherein a width of a space where the second fixing block is located, from among spaces between the plurality of protrusions, is less than a width of a space where the plurality of first fixing blocks are located, from among spaces between the plurality of latching portions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a flexible display device having a bending sensing device configured such that an external resistor is mounted in the flexible display device together with a bending sensor, whereby it is possible to lower an output offset voltage, to reduce resistance deviation depending on temperature change, and to sense twisting of the flexible display device. The bending sensing device includes at least one bending sensor mounted in a bending region of a film (layer) that is tensioned and/or a film (layer) that is compressed when the flexible display device, including a plurality of films (layers), is bent and at least one reference resistor mounted in a non-bending region of the film (layer) that is tensioned and/or the film (layer) that is compressed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a flexible display device having a bending sensor mounted in a layer that is tensioned or a layer that is compressed in order to increase the magnitude of voltage output from the bending sensor. The flexible display device includes at least two bending sensors mounted in a layer that is tensioned and/or a layer that is compressed when the flexible display device, including a plurality of layers, is bent.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display device including a data driver configured to generate a data signal based on image data provided by a timing controller and to provide the data signal to a plurality of data lines, a display panel including a pixel unit, which controls an amount of current flowing from a first power source to a second power source according to the data signal provided thereto via the plurality of data lines, and a dummy pixel unit, which has a plurality of dummy pixel circuits that are configured to receive the data signal via the plurality of data lines and a compensation signal generator configured to generate a compensation signal by comparing an amount of current flowing in the pixel unit and an amount of current flowing in the dummy pixel unit.

Abstract: A luminance correction system for organic light emitting display devices is disclosed. In one aspect, an image displayed in a pixel unit of each of the display devices is analyzed and the luminance and color coordinate for main gray-level data is measured. A main-gamma offset value corresponding to the result of image analysis may be generated. A change in voltage of a driving power signal input from an external source of each of the display devices may be sensed. A sub-gamma offset value is generated by applying the change in voltage of the sensed driving power signal. A main-gamma voltage for the main gray level corresponding to the set main-gamma offset value and the set sub-gamma offset value is adjusted and output as an adjusted main-gamma voltage. The adjusted main-gamma voltage may be applied to a data driver of each of the display devices.

Abstract: A method of generating a gray scale voltage in an organic light emitting display device includes setting a gamma table, based on the emission of light with a first luminance level by a screen displayed in a pixel unit of the light emitting display device, and implementing a gamma reference voltage lookup table (LUT) in which voltage values of red, green and blue data corresponding to each gray scale and luminances at the first luminance level are recorded based on the gamma table; selecting a second luminance level different from the first luminance level; fixing a specific gray scale corresponding to a low gray scale region as a reference gray scale, actually measuring, at the second luminance level, a voltage corresponding to the fixed reference level; and generating gray scale voltages corresponding to the second luminance level through a plurality of set gamma reference voltages.

Abstract: A luminance correction system for organic light emitting display devices is disclosed. In one aspect, an image displayed in a pixel unit of each of the display devices is analyzed and the luminance and color coordinate for main gray-level data is measured. A main-gamma offset value corresponding to the result of image analysis may be generated. A change in voltage of a driving power signal input from an external source of each of the display devices may be sensed. A sub-gamma offset value is generated by applying the change in voltage of the sensed driving power signal. A main-gamma voltage for the main gray level corresponding to the set main-gamma offset value and the set sub-gamma offset value is adjusted and output as an adjusted main-gamma voltage. The adjusted main-gamma voltage may be applied to a data driver of each of the display devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for decoding transmission signal. The method includes the steps of: receiving transmission signal including repeated symbols; deinterleaving the received signal; mutually combining the repeated symbols in the deinterleaved signal; and decoding the combined symbols. According to the method, reception performance is improved as compared to a conventional decoding method, and system performance is improved by reducing the loss of frame information included in an FCH.

Abstract: Disclosed is a demodulation method for enhancing decoding performance of information bits in a constant-amplitude multi-code biorthogonal modulation communication system, which performs encoding to cause the level of a transmission symbol to be constant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for decoding transmission signal. The method includes the steps of: receiving transmission signal including repeated symbols; deinterleaving the received signal; mutually combining the repeated symbols in the deinterleaved signal; and decoding the combined symbols. According to the method, reception performance is improved as compared to a conventional decoding method, and system performance is improved by reducing the loss of frame information included in an FCH.

Abstract: A constant amplitude coded bi-orthogonal demodulator demodulates the received constant amplitude bi-orthogonal modulated data, cancels the parity bits to generate the serial data, detects the occurrence of an error by dividing the demodulated data into a plurality of groups of data, outputs the serial data as demodulated data if an error does not occur, sequentially converts bit polarities of data of groups in which an error occurs if the error detector detects the error, compares distances between the received bi-orthogonal modulated data and the constant amplitude coded bi-orthogonal modulated data, and selects, as demodulated data, data of which corresponding bit polarities are changed according to the comparison results. According to the present invention, power consumption is reduced, a power amplifier can be manufactured at an inexpensive cost, interference robustness can be ensured, and data can be transmitted at a high transmission rate and a variable transmission rate.

Abstract: A constant amplitude coded bi-orthogonal demodulator demodulates the received constant amplitude bi-orthogonal modulated data, cancels the parity bits to generate the serial data, detects the occurrence of an error by dividing the demodulated data into a plurality of groups of data, outputs the serial data as demodulated data if an error does not occur, sequentially converts bit polarities of data of groups in which an error occurs if the error detector detects the error, compares distances between the received bi-orthogonal modulated data and the constant amplitude coded bi-orthogonal modulated data, and selects, as demodulated data, data of which corresponding bit polarities are changed according to the comparison results.

Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting data in a wireless communication system is disclosed. An apparatus for transmitting data in a wireless communication system according to the present invention includes a serial to parallel converter operable to transform serial data into parallel data; a summer operable to combine the parallel data after multiplying them by orthogonal code; a level clipper operable to remove a portion of the summed signal above and below a desired threshold range; and a quadrature phase shift keying(QPSK) modulator operable to change the phase of the clipped signal and to transfer the modulated signal therefrom.