Abstract: A filter media comprising a nanofiber layer and a substrate layer; the nanofiber layer comprising a polymer material and having a fiber diameter of about 0.01 to 1.0 micron, a basis weight of about 0.5 to 30 gsm, and a thickness of at least about 2 microns, the nanofiber layer further having a surface stability index of at least about 5 kN/m, the media further being pleated.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices and a methods of fabricating the semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor devices may include a pattern on a substrate. The semiconductor devices may also include a capping dielectric layer on the pattern. The semiconductor devices may further include a first nitride layer on the capping dielectric layer. Moreover, the semiconductor devices may include a second nitride layer on the first nitride layer. A concentration of nitrogen in the first nitride layer may be greater than that in the second nitride layer.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus of transceiving a signal using a link adaptation in a communication system, particularly, a method of dividing a resource region into a plurality of resource regions, and applying different line adaptations to the resource regions. A method of controlling a link of a terminal in a mobile communication system receives at least two downlink channel signals to estimate states of received channels, generates a channel discrepancy report when states of channels exceed a preset threshold, and reports the channel discrepancy report to a base station through a preset uplink channel. A method of controlling a link of a base station receives a channel discrepancy report through an uplink channel, and determines MCS and transmission power of downlink channels based on the received channel discrepancy report and transmits the determined MCS and transmission power to the terminal through a downlink channel.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device having a capacitor. The method includes forming a composite layer, including sequentially stacking on a substrate alternating layers of first through nth sacrificial layers and first through nth supporting layers. A plurality of openings that penetrate the composite layer are formed. A lower electrode is formed in the plurality of openings. At least portions of the first through nth sacrificial layers are removed to define a support structure for the lower electrode extending between adjacent ones of the plurality of openings and the lower electrode formed therein, the support structure including the first through nth supporting layers and a gap region between adjacent ones of the first through nth supporting layers where the first through nth sacrificial layers have been removed. A dielectric layer is formed on the lower electrode and an upper electrode is formed on the dielectric layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving control information in a broadband wireless communication system using Half Frequency Division Duplex (H-FDD) are provided. An operation of a Mobile Station (MS) includes, in the case of a frame at which control information is not transmitted, performing uplink communication at a front end of the frame and, in the case of a frame at which the control information is transmitted, performing downlink communication at a front end of the frame.

Abstract: An object identification system calculates boundaries between real objects from images of the real objects, and calculates first indicators which correspond to each angles of a first angle section divided into a first angle gap and which varies every boundary between the calculated real objects. The object identification system extracts a virtual object having an outline firstly meet with a radiating line corresponding to each map angle of the divided into a second angle gap, and generate a set of second indicators corresponding to each map angle. The object identification system matches the first indicators into second indicators having a repeat ratio substantially equal to a repeat ratio of the first indicators in an angle section, and extracts virtual objects matched with each of the previewed real objects.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for supporting Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) in a broadband wireless communication system are provided. A method of performing HARQ by a Mobile Station (MS) in a wireless communication system includes receiving a control message including resource allocation information, decoding the control message, if the decoding is successful, determining whether a previous control message is lost, and if the previous control message is lost, transmitting one of a null signal and a specific indicator through a response channel.

Abstract: A composite filter media structure includes, in an exemplary embodiment, a base substrate that includes a nonwoven synthetic fabric formed from a plurality of fibers with a spunbond process. The base substrate has a minimum filtration efficiency of about 50%, measured in accordance with ASHRAE 52.2-1999 test procedure A nanofiber layer is deposited on one side of the base substrate. The composite filter media structure has a minimum filtration efficiency of about 75%, measured in accordance with ASHRAE 52.2-1999 test procedure.

Abstract: Apparatuses of a base station and terminal in a wireless communication system and their operating methods are provided. An operating method of a base station in a broadband wireless communication system includes determining whether to relocate at least one persistently allocated resource, when it is determined to relocate the at least one persistently allocated resource, relocating the at least one persistently allocated resource, generating a resource relocation Information Element (IE) indicative of the resource relocation using an offset of a Resource Block (RB), and transmitting the resource relocation IE.

Abstract: A capacitor is fabricated by forming a mold layer of a silicon based material that is not an oxide of silicon, e.g., polysilicon or doped polysilicon, on a substrate, forming an opening through the mold layer, forming a barrier layer pattern along the sides of the opening, subsequently forming a lower electrode in the opening, then removing the mold layer and the barrier layer pattern, and finally sequentially forming dielectric layer and an upper electrode on the lower electrode.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices and a methods of fabricating the semiconductor devices are provided. The methods may include forming a pattern on a substrate, forming a capping dielectric layer on the pattern, and thermally processing the substrate. After thermally processing the substrate, the methods may further include forming a diffusion barrier layer by a nitride process that may include supplying nitrogen to the capping dielectric layer. The methods may also include forming an etching stop layer on the diffusion barrier layer, forming an inter-layer dielectric layer on the etching stop layer, and planarizing the inter-layer dielectric layer.

Abstract: A filtration medium is disclosed for use in air filters used in heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems. The medium contains at least one nanofiber layer of fibers having diameters less than 1 ?m and at least one upstream layer, the medium having sufficient holding capacity for dust particles that efficiency loss and pressure loss across the medium are minimized during use.

Abstract: A resource allocation for reducing overhead in a mobile communication system is provided. An operating method of a base station for changing a fixed resource allocation to reduce overhead in a mobile communication system includes calculating a total amount of resources allocated to a corresponding subframe in a period of a corresponding fixed allocation resource; when the total amount of the resources allocated to the corresponding subframe is greater than a threshold, temporarily canceling one or more corresponding fixed allocation resources to make the total amount of the resources allocated to the corresponding subframe less than or equal to the threshold; and reallocating the one or more canceled fixed allocation resources according to a corresponding rule.

Abstract: A labeling and preparation device for test tubes. At least one storage section places at least one pallet having a set of test tubes at a preset position. At least one transfer section is disposed above the storage section, and clamps or releases one of the test tubes. A labeling section is disposed below the transfer section, receives the test tubes transferred from the transfer section, and attaches a label having information related to a sample on a circumference of each test tube. An ejection section is disposed below the labeling section, and ejects the test tubes to an outside. A controller controls drivers of the transfer section, the labeling section and the ejection section.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) operation in a transmitter of a wireless mobile communication system using each frame constituted by a plurality of subframes are provided. In the method for controlling an HARQ operation, indication information indicating a subframe position where transmission of a data burst starts and the number of subframes required for transmission of the data burst is transmitted to a receiver through an i-th frame. When the number of subframes does not exceed a threshold, it is determined that the data burst at the subframe position indicated by indication information of an (i+1)-th frame is retransmitted to the receiver. When the number of subframes exceeds the threshold, it is determined that the data burst at the subframe position indicated by indication information of an (i+n)-th frame, where n is a positive integer exceeding 1, is retransmitted to the receiver.

Abstract: A terminal that displays augmented reality, allows tag information of various recognized objects to be chosen and displayed in a more efficient manner. The terminal that displays augmented reality allows the terminal to enter into an augmented reality mode is executed, and provides location information about the terminal and the recognized objects, a category selection ability to select categories of tag information, and a tag information control layout for displaying the selected tag information and different stages on a display in a more efficient manner.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving a control message in a wireless communication system that is designed to reduce overhead associated with transmission/reception of the control message. To this end, a transmission apparatus generates a control message, generates a compressed control message by compressing the generated control message, based on a control message that has been lastly received by a reception apparatus from among previously transmitted control messages, selects one of the generated control message and the generated compressed control message according to whether or not the control message lastly received by the reception apparatus exists, and transmits the selected one of the generated control message and the generated compressed control message to the reception apparatus. Therefore, it is possible to reduce resources used for control message transmission, and thus increase the use efficiency of the resources.

Abstract: There are provided a semiconductor device and a method of forming the same. The semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate including a digital circuit region and an analog circuit region, a device isolation layer on the boundary between the digital circuit region and the analog circuit region, a conductive region adjacent to the side surface and the bottom surface of the isolation layer, and a ground pad which is electrically connected to the conductive region and to which a ground voltage is applied.

Abstract: A filter for a display device is provided which includes a base substrate, an electromagnetic shielding layer formed on one surface of the base substrate to block electromagnetic waves, and an electrode formed along at least two sides among four sides of the base substrate to earth the electromagnetic shielding layer, thereby reducing the manufacturing costs while maintaining the capability of blocking electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for operating a Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) scheme in a broadband wireless communication system is provided. The method includes broadcasting a reference value for determining an FFR region, receiving region information determined by using the reference value from at least one Mobile Station (MS), and determining a communication band of at least one MS by using the region information received from the at least one MS.