Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding technique, and more particularly, to an image encoder and decoder using unidirectional prediction. The image encoder includes a dividing unit to divide a macro block into a plurality of sub-blocks, a unidirectional application determining unit to determine whether an identical prediction mode is applied to each of the plurality of sub-blocks, and a prediction mode determining unit to determine a prediction mode with respect to each of the plurality of sub-blocks based on a determined result of the unidirectional application determining unit.

Abstract: A method and electronic device for executing application concurrently with other devices are provided. An address of an external electronic device and a location of an application is obtained. A connection is established with a device using a short-range communication protocol. The application is obtained and executed in conjunction with the device.

Abstract: The present disclosure is for performing retransmission in a wireless communication system, and a method by which a first device operates in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: receiving, from a second device, a first signal comprising outer- and inner-coded data; detecting information-bit-based first-type inner code blocks and parity-bit-based second-type inner code blocks by inner decoding the data in correspondence to the inner coding; confirming the location and the number of at least one bit with a possibility of error, among outer block codes, on the basis of the location of inner code blocks for which decoding has failed; deciding to request retransmission on the basis of the location and the number of the at least one bit; and requesting, to the second device, on the basis of the location and the number of the at least one bit, retransmission of at least one of an information portion or a parity portion of outer code blocks.

Abstract: A method of operating a terminal and a base station in a wireless communication system and an apparatus supporting the same are disclosed. The method comprises receiving a first system information block (SIB) from a first base station—the received first SIB including at least one first parameter for a cell reselection learning model—, receiving radio channel environment information from the first base station, updating the first parameter to a second parameter through learning in the cell reselection learning model by reflecting the radio channel environment information, and performing cell reselection for a second base station based on the updated at least one second parameter.

Abstract: A method of operating a terminal and a base station in a wireless communication system and an apparatus supporting the same are disclosed. The method comprises receiving handover-related information from an access point (AP), the handover-related information including at least one first parameter for a handover learning model and quality of service (QoS) information; updating the first parameter to a second parameter through the handover learning model based on the QoS information; and performing handover based on the updated at least one second parameter.

Abstract: A method of operating a terminal and a base station in a wireless communication system and apparatus supporting them are disclosed. A method of operating a first apparatus in a wireless communication system comprises transmitting a pilot signal to a second apparatus, determining at least one coding rate and modulation order based on channel information generated based on the pilot signal, channel-coding a transport block according to the at least one coding rate and modulation order, and transmitting at least one modulation symbol generated based on a second part of the transport block to the second apparatus through a transmit antenna combination determined based on a first part of the channel-coded transport block.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for operating a terminal and a base station in a wireless communication system and an apparatus for supporting the same. As an example of the present disclosure, a method for operating a terminal in a wireless communication system may include: processing data symbols so that a first unique word (UW) discretely located in a frequency domain does not overlap with the data symbols; and transmitting a first unique word (UW)-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol that adds the data symbols, which are processed not to overlap, and the first UW discretely located in the frequency domain.

Abstract: A method of operating a terminal and a base station in a wireless communication system and an apparatus supporting the same are disclosed. As an example, a method of operating a terminal in a wireless communication system comprises receiving information related to a configuration for a unique word (UW) from a base station, receiving UW-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols including data from the base station, and processing the UW-OFDM symbols based on the information related to the configuration for the UW.

Abstract: A communication device is disclosed. The present communication device may include a master including a communication modem, and multiple slaves including antennas. The communication device may execute an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm and/or a machine learning algorithm, and may communicate with other electronic devices in a 5G communication environment. Therefore, user convenience can be enhanced.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for operating a terminal and a base station in a wireless communication system and an apparatus for supporting the same. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for operating a terminal in a wireless communication system may include: transmitting a first message including information related to learning; receiving a second message including configuration information for learning; transmitting an uplink reference signal; and transmitting channel information related to a downlink channel measured based on a downlink reference signal.

Abstract: A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of coding data in the DTV transmitter method are disclosed. A pre-processor pre-processes the enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded enhanced data. A data formatter generates one or more groups of enhanced data packets, each enhanced data packet including the pre-processed enhanced data. And, a packet multiplexer generates at least one burst of enhanced data by multiplexing the one or more groups of enhanced data packets. Herein, each burst of enhanced data includes at least one group of enhanced data packets. The DTV transmitter may further include a scheduler which generates first and second control signals to control operations of the data formatter and the packet multiplexer, respectively.

Abstract: A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of coding data in the DTV transmitter method are disclosed. A pre-processor pre-processes the enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded enhanced data. A data formatter generates one or more groups of enhanced data packets, each enhanced data packet including the pre-processed enhanced data. And, a packet multiplexer generates at least one burst of enhanced data by multiplexing the one or more groups of enhanced data packets. Herein, each burst of enhanced data includes at least one group of enhanced data packets. The DTV transmitter may further include a scheduler which generates first and second control signals to control operations of the data formatter and the packet multiplexer, respectively.

Abstract: A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of coding data in the DTV transmitter method are disclosed. A pre-processor pre-processes the enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded enhanced data. A data formatter generates one or more groups of enhanced data packets, each enhanced data packet including the pre-processed enhanced data. And, a packet multiplexer generates at least one burst of enhanced data by multiplexing the one or more groups of enhanced data packets. Herein, each burst of enhanced data includes at least one group of enhanced data packets. The DTV transmitter may further include a scheduler which generates first and second control signals to control operations of the data formatter and the packet multiplexer, respectively.

Abstract: A digital broadcast system and a method of processing data are provided. The transmitting system of the digital broadcast system includes an encoder for encoding mobile data for FEC to build RS frames, a signaling encoder for encoding TPC data including the RS frame mode information, a divider for dividing at least one of the RS frames into a plurality of portions, a block processor for converting one portion to a plurality of SCCC blocks, a converter for converting the SCCC blocks to data blocks, a group formatter for forming data groups, a packet formatter for forming data packets including data in the data groups, a multiplexer for multiplexing main data packets including main data and the data packets, a trellis encoder for performing trellis encoding on data in the multiplexed data packets and a transmission unit for transmitting the broadcast signal including a parade of the data groups.

Abstract: A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of processing data in the DTV transmitter/receiver are disclosed. In the DTV transmitter, a pre-processor pre-processes the enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded data. A packet formatter generates one or more groups of enhanced data packets, each enhanced data packet including the pre-processed enhanced data and known data, wherein the data formatter adds burst time information into each group of enhanced data packets. And, a packet multiplexer generates at least one burst of enhanced data by multiplexing the one or more groups of enhanced data packets with at least one main data packet including the main data, each burst of enhanced data including at least one group of enhanced data packets.

Abstract: A digital television (DTV) transmitter includes a first randomizer randomizing enhanced data; a Reed-Solomon (RS) frame encoder generating an RS frame; a block processor encoding data in the RS frame, outputting data symbols, interleaving the data symbols, and converting the interleaved data symbols into data bytes; a group formatting unit mapping the data bytes into data groups; a deinterleaver deinterleaving data of the data groups; a packet formatter outputting enhanced data packets; a multiplexer multiplexing the enhanced data packets with main data packets; a second randomizer randomizing the multiplexed main data packets and MPEG header data in the multiplexed enhanced data packets; a Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder RS encoding the multiplexed enhanced data packets; an interleaver interleaving data of the RS-encoded data packets; and a trellis encoding unit trellis encoding the interleaved data.

Abstract: A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of coding data in the DTV transmitter method are disclosed. A pre-processes enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded enhanced data. A data formatter generates enhanced data packets including the pre-processed enhanced data and inserting known data to at least one of the enhanced data packets. A first multiplexer multiplexes main data packets with the enhanced data packets, and a data randomizer randomizes the multiplexed data packets. A Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder RS-codes the randomized data packets by adding first parity data, and a data interleaver interleaves the RS-coded data packets. A trellis encoder trellis-encodes the interleaved data packets, wherein the trellis encoder may be initialized when a known data sequence is inputted thereto.

Abstract: A digital television transmitting system includes a frame encoder, a block processor, a group formatter, and a multiplexer. The frame encoder forms an enhanced data frame and encodes the data frame for error correction and for error detection. The block processor further encodes the encoded data frame at a rate of 1/2 or 1/4, and the group formatter divides the encoded data frame into a plurality of enhanced data blocks and maps the divided data blocks into a plurality of enhanced data groups, respectively. The multiplexer multiplexes the enhanced data groups with main data.

Abstract: A digital television transmitting system includes a frame encoder, a block processor, a group formatter, and a multiplexer. The frame encoder forms an enhanced data frame and encodes the data frame for error correction and for error detection. The block processor further encodes the encoded data frame at a rate of 1/2 or 1/4, and the group formatter divides the encoded data frame into a plurality of enhanced data blocks and maps the divided data blocks into a plurality of enhanced data groups, respectively. The multiplexer multiplexes the enhanced data groups with main data.

Abstract: A transmitting system and method therein are disclosed, by which mobile service data is received and processed. The transmitting system includes an encoder, a signaling encoder, a group formatter, a transmission unit. The encoder encodes mobile data and the signaling encoder encodes signaling information. The group formatter forms data groups having the encoded mobile and signaling information. The data groups have a plurality of data blocks and specific data blocks of the plurality of data blocks include known data sequences. The transmission unit transmit broadcast signal including a parade that includes a collection of data groups having same FEC parameters. And the signaling information includes information identifying the parade and first assigned data group number for the parade to which a first assigned data group belongs.