Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a body region, a drift region having a first part and a second part, and a trench gate electrode. The body region is disposed on the drift region. The first and second parts extend in an extending direction so that the second part is adjacent to the first part. The trench gate electrode penetrates the body region and reaches the drift region so that the trench gate electrode faces the body region and the drift region through an insulation layer. The trench gate electrode extends in a direction crossing with the extending direction of the first and second parts. The first part includes a portion near the trench gate electrode, which has an impurity concentration equal to or lower than that of the body region.

Abstract: With respect to the relative intensity noise (RIN) for inputs to an optical modulator or the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for outputs therefrom, the optical modulator modulating coherent lights of different wavelengths obtained by slicing a spectrum of the multi-wavelength light, the shape of a spectrum of a multi-wavelength light is controlled so that predetermined RIN and SNR can be obtained in accordance with transmission system parameters (the type and distance of optical fibers, the number of repeaters), thus enabling design meeting a performance specification for a conventional transmission section using semiconductor lasers.

Abstract: A heat sink for a semiconductor device comprises a base which has a first surface on which a plurality of heat-radiating fins are arranged, and a second surface which contacts the semiconductor device directly. A heat spreader is provided on the second surface of the base so that the heat spreader does not contact the semiconductor device directly.

Abstract: An apparatus in which a sequence of modules, the sequence including an arbitrary number of modules, can be attached to a base. Each module has an identity. The base initiates an identification sequence, and each module provides its identity. In some embodiments, each module identifies itself in turn, until the end of the sequence is reached. In other embodiments, each module provides its identity substantially simultaneously, and then the identities, in order, are transferred to the base. In this way the number of modules, and the order of the modules in the sequence, can be recognized. The apparatus could be used, for example, as a toy.

Abstract: For the purpose of efficient transmission based on the UWB system, first and second baseband waveforms are generated at a cycle equivalent to an integral multiple of a carrier to have a specified phase difference from each other. The first baseband waveform is multiplied by the carrier and a first transmission data sequence to acquire a first transmission waveform. The second baseband waveform is multiplied by a phase shifted carrier and a second transmission data sequence to acquire a second transmission waveform. The first transmission waveform is mixed with the second transmission waveform to acquire a transmission signal. The transmission signal is transmitted as a ?/2 shift BPSK signal to transmit a UWB signal. Selecting the baseband waveforms and the carrier makes it possible to configure the transmission band and easily provide division multiplexing transmission.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display panel by which a good display characteristic can be obtained without suffering from gradation reversal over a wide visibility angle range. A liquid crystal layer 4 is formed such that the thickness thereof varies in accordance with transmission wavelengths of color layers 6, 7 and 8 so that a very good display which does not exhibit any coloring in whichever direction it is viewed may be obtained. An active matrix substrate A includes a plurality of opposing electrodes 2, a plurality of pixel electrodes 3 parallel to the opposing electrodes 2, a thin film transistor, and an orientation film 23 all formed on a glass substrate 10. A color filter substrate C includes an orientation film 56 provided on one surface of another glass substrate 10 and an optical compensation layer 35 provided on the other surface of the glass substrate 10 and formed from a plastic film.

Abstract: A system for updating firmware of an electronic device includes a flash memory for storing a system control program to control the electronic device, and a RAM for storing the system control program and a writing control program to perform writing operation that the system program is loaded into the flash memory from the RAM. The system also includes a JTAG interface in conformity with the standard 1149.1 of IEEE (the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). The system stores the system control program and the writing control program into the RAM, and then executes the writing control program stored in the RAM to load the system control program into the flash memory. Thus, the firmware of the electronic device is updated.

Abstract: A building (1) includes square columns (2) disposed in such a manner as to extend in a vertical direction so as to support the vertical load of the building (1); girders (3) disposed in such a manner as to bridge the square columns (2) and extend in the horizontal direction between the square columns (2); variation damping means (6) juxtaposed to opposing side surfaces (4) and (5) of each square column (2) on each floor of the building (1); and upper and lower connecting means (7) and (8) for connecting the vibration damping means (6) to a ceiling girder (3) side and a floor girder (3) side, respectively.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a gas discharge type display panel, by applying a sealing operation along with an exhausting operation, the sealing glass 14 is broken down by a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the panel, and thus, the clearance gap between the substrates can be controlled as desired. In addition, the gaseous component that is unnecessary for the discharge operation is exhausted by setting the temperature of the amorphous sealing glass to exceed its softening-point and be no more than its working point. In the structure of the gas discharge type display panel, a protruding portion having a radius of curvature between 0.1 mm and 1 mm is formed on the sealing glass to reduce the dispersion in the thickness direction of the sealing glass, or the cross-sectional shape of the sealing glass is made convex both at its inside end part and its outside end part.

Abstract: In order to fit a reservoir unit to be installed in a fuel tank in such a manner that the air-tightness of the fuel tank be not lost even if a large acceleration or deceleration works on the fuel tank, the reservoir unit is configured of an upper subunit, a lower subunit and an elastic member. The upper subunit is provided with a plate-shaped portion to block an opening formed in the fuel tank and guide rails and extending from that plate-shaped portion to the bottom of the fuel tank, and the two elements are integrally molded of resin. The lower subunit is provided with a resin-built reservoir, and slots to slidably accept the guide rails are integrally molded with the reservoir. When a large force works on the reservoir unit and the fuel tank, the guide rails and are destroyed before the plate-shaped portion would be, so that the destruction of the plate-shaped portion can be prevented.

Abstract: There is provided an interferometer for measuring a surface shape of an optical element using interference, including a reference wave-front deformation system for deforming a wave front of reference light.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is provided, in which the generation of discharge can be suppressed and a preferable display image can be obtained. A method of manufacturing an image display apparatus having an airtight container including a rear plate having a plurality of electron-emitting devices and a face plate which is located opposite to the rear plate and has a phosphor and an electroconductive film, includes the steps of, (A) disposing the rear plate having the plurality of electron-emitting devices and the face plate having the phosphor and the electroconductive film such that the rear plate and the face plate are opposite to each other and arranging a plurality of plate shaped spacers between the rear plate and the face plate to assemble the airtight container, and (B) applying an electric field between the rear plate and the face plate in a state that the airtight container is slanted such that a longitudinal direction of the plate-shaped spacers is not perpendicular to a gravitational direction.

Abstract: Electronic apparatus is housed in a dual housing structure that includes an inner case housing electronics and an outer case surrounding the inner case. The inner and outer cases have respective intake openings, and in the area where the respective intake openings are provided, the inner and outer cases are spaced from each other by a sufficient distance such that an intake chamber is defined between the inner and outer cases. The intake opening of the inner case and the intake opening of the outer case are displaced from each other with respect to a front-and-rear direction of the apparatus so as to provide a nonlinear intake passage.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit includes a main memory unit, a redundancy memory unit and a redundancy information file unit, wherein at least a part of data that would otherwise be stored in the main memory is stored in the redundancy memory unit according to redundancy information stored in the redundancy information file unit, thereby secrecy of the data stored in this manner is enhanced.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide a burnishing pad, capable of removing dirt by burnishing a place (i.e., a dirty point) onto which dirt attaches to impart sufficient luster, and being biodegraded; a burnishing machine equipped with the burnishing pad; and a burnishing method using the burnishing pad. The burnishing pad of the invention is comprised of a lock-like fiber composite in which adjacent fibers are bonded at intersection thereof, wherein said fiber is at least one selected from the group consisting of a vegetable fiber and an animal fiber. And another burnishing pad is a fiber composite comprised of thick fibers of 150 ?m or more in fiber diameter. These pads can be equipped with a porous supporting layer, respectively. The porous supporting layer has a mean 5% modulus strength of 20 N/5 cm width or more at 70° C. and a unit area weight of 100 g/m2 or less.

Abstract: A TV signal receiving tuner which is small in size and inexpensive due to a reduced number of local oscillators. In the TV signal receiving tuner, a local oscillation signal output from a local oscillator is directly applied to a first mixer through a first programmable divider to receive a UHF TV signal, the local oscillation signal output from the local oscillator is applied to the first mixer after its frequency is divided to 1/3 by the first programmable divider to receive a VHF high-band TV signal, and the local oscillation signal output from the local oscillator is applied to the first mixer after its frequency is divided to 1/5 by the first programmable divider to receive a VHF low-band TV signal.

Abstract: To provide a refrigerating cycle apparatus which uses carbon dioxide as a working medium, in which a problem associated with reliability arisen from introduction of water into a refrigeration cycle has been solved. Carbonic acid produced by a reaction of carbon dioxide or a mixed refrigerant including carbon dioxide and water is efficiently removed by providing a flow channel of the refrigeration cycle with a carbonic acid trapping agent, and consequently, the refrigerating cycle apparatus with high reliability which can prevent deterioration of a carbon dioxide refrigerant, decomposition of a refrigeration oil, corrosion of metal components or the like is constructed.

Abstract: When left and right feed switches are pressed simultaneously for three seconds at the step S1, a special mode selection screen 1 is changed such that the name of each operating mode is displayed at a display portion corresponding to the position of each of switches <1> to <4>. Thus, pressing any of the corresponding switches <1> to <4> under each display makes it possible to select each operating mode. In this way, an operation mode can be easily and reliably selected.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a flip chip mounting method which does not cause void formation between a semiconductor chip and a substrate, and in the flip chip mounting method, the method comprising the steps of: (A) drying the substrate; and (B) at least one step of: (1) dispensing uncured sealant at least at a bump pressing portion on the surface of the substrate and/or the entire portion of the substrate where minute irregularities are present; and (2) performing a pressing and the curing of the underfill while maintaining the temperature conditions so that a temperature difference between the semiconductor chip and the substrate does not cause convection substantially in the uncured or curing underfill.