Abstract: A semiconductor device having a self-aligned contact hole is formed by providing a side wall oxide film on a gate electrode, covering the gate electrode and the side wall oxide film by an oxide film and further covering the oxide film by a nitride film, wherein the oxide film is formed by a plasma CVD process with a reduced plasma power such that the H2O content in the oxide film is less than about 2.4 wt %.

Abstract: A wheel bearing device having a unitized hub ring, double-row bearing and constant velocity universal joint with one of double-row inner raceways formed on the joint outer ring. An end portion of the joint outer ring is fitted to an outside periphery of the hub ring through serrated portions. The hub ring is plastically deformed and expanded from an inside diameter side toward an outside diameter side by pushing a steel ball into a through hole of the hub ring preventing play in the serrated portions by the diameter expansion. A surface-hardened layer is formed at least on a base portion of the wheel mounting flange.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a smoke emitting section which emits smoke containing particulate matter, a dilution section for diluting the smoke emitted by the smoke emitting section, a clean air unit which supplies clean air to the dilution section, at least one chamber which incorporates a cell-adhered surface and into which the smoke diluted by the dilution section is introduced, and an exhaust section for exhausting the smoke from the chamber and the dilution section. A smoke flow in the chamber is shut off to make the smoke settle down in the chamber and expose the cell-adhered surface to the smoke.

Abstract: A molding mold and a molding method are disclosed, for molding a flange configuration in which a flange of a reel hub portion can be maintained in a predetermined configuration. Also a tape cartridge is disclosed, which can securely prevent a tape-shaped recording medium from touching at the flange while the tape cartridge is being used.

Abstract: A gradation control system includes means for deriving 2n decoded data from lower n bits expressing a gradation per dot, means for grouping the 2n decoded data with respect to a plurality of dots, to produce 2n first bit planes, means for giving to an element a signal of pattern corresponding to each of the first bit planes for a time obtained by adding a time that depends on a decoded value of each of the first bit planes, to an initializing time, means for grouping, per bit weight, respective bits excluding the lower n bits that express the gradation per dot, to produce a second bit plane, and means for giving to the element a signal of pattern corresponding to the second bit plane for a time that depends on a weight of the second bit plane.

Abstract: A substrate processing method comprising steps for forming a copper film on a surface of a substrate. These steps includes the step of filling a first metal in the trenches so as to form a plated film of the first metal on an entire surface of the substrate by electroplating, wherein the electromagnetic field is adjusted by the virtual anode so that differences of thickness of the plated film between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the substrate being minimized, and polishing and removing the plated film by pressing the substrate to the polishing surface, wherein the pressures pressing the substrate to the polishing surface at a central portion and a peripheral portion are adjusted.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus is mounted on a vehicle body provided with a spoiler made of an insulating resin. A feeder element is disposed in the spoiler such that the vehicle body serves as ground without providing a ground element in the spoiler.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hafnium silicide target for forming a gate oxide film composed of HfSi1.02-2.00. Obtained is a hafnium silicide target superior in workability and embrittlement resistance, and suitable for forming a HfSiO film and HfSiON film that may be used as a high dielectric gate insulation film in substitute for a SiO2 film, and to the manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: Coding section 205 recodes decoded data stored in decoded data storage section 204, data conversion section 206 converts data “0” and “1” output from coding section 205 to “1” and “−1” respectively, sum-of-product calculation section 207 multiplies the data output from data conversion section 206 by the demodulated data (soft decision value) stored in demodulated data storage section 201 and then calculates the sum of the products for 1 TTI and stores the sum-of-product result for each data rate, data rate decision section 208 decides the data rate corresponding to a maximum value of the sum-of-product results as the data rate of the demodulated data. This makes it possible to improve the accuracy of data rate decision and reduce decoding errors of a received signal.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer includes at least a compound having a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group and a charge transport material, and wherein an oxidation potential (Eox1) of the substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group and an oxidation potential (Eox2) of the charge transport material satisfy the following relationship (I):

Abstract: Provided is a projection type liquid crystal display apparatus, which can improve black-level display and thus can display a higher-contrast image as compared to the related art. An optical compensator is located on the light exit side with respect to the liquid crystal display device so as to compensate for the optical phase difference caused by liquid crystal molecules in a light-entry-side region of the liquid crystal layer. As the optical compensator is located on the light exit side with respect to the liquid crystal display device, birefringence, caused by the liquid crystal molecules present in the light-entry-side region, is compensated for without being influenced by a microlenses provided in the liquid crystal plane. Consequently, the apparatus can improve the black-level display and thus can display a higher-contrast image as compared to the related art.

Abstract: A transfer protocol conversion method and a protocol conversion equipment are disclosed in order to transmits TS packets for a CATV network, a DAVIC network or the like by use of IP packets for the Internet. In a network using TS packets, the transmission is made with an Internet protocol header stored in a private field of an adaptation field defined in the TS packet. An equipment for protocol conversion between a network using TS packets and an Internet forms an IP packet for the Internet by use of the header transferred by the private data. Further, lower 8 bits of the IP address of an IP packet and lower 8 bits of the PID value of a TS packet are made the same and upper 24 bits of the IP address are converted into a 5-bit value so that the converted 5-bit value is made to correspond to upper 5 bits of the PID value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound having a superior Na+ channel inhibitory activity. Namely, it provides a compound represented by the following formula (I), a salt thereof or a hydrate of them. In the formula, the ring A represents a ring represented by the formula: (wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom etc.; and R2 represents indicates a hydrogen atom and the like) etc.; W represents an optionally substituted C1-6 alkylene group etc.; Z represents an optionally substituted C6-14 aromatic hydrocarbon cyclic group etc.; and l represents an integer from 0 to 6.

Abstract: A process for producing a purified aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, comprising passing a charged aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution containing impurities through a purifier tower packed with an ion exchange resin, a chelate resin or an adsorption resin to thereby purify the charged aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, wherein there are provided a feed pump of given output capable of causing the charged aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution to flow to the purifier tower and further a flow sensor capable of sensing a flow rate of charged aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution being fed to the purifier tower and wherein the output of the feed pump is controlled in cooperation with the flow sensor so as to bring the charged aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution into contact with the ion exchange resin, chelate resin or adsorption resin while maintaining the flow of charged aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution at a constant rate.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for polishing a substrate, including (a) a polishing pad formed with a plurality of through-holes through which polishing material is supplied to a surface of the polishing pad, (b) a level block on which the polishing pad is mounted, and (c) a rotatable carrier for supporting a substrate thereon, the carrier being positioned in facing relation with the level block, the level block being rotatable around a rotation axis thereof with the rotation axis being moved along an arcuate path, and causing the polishing pad to make contact with the substrate for polishing the substrate, the polishing pad having a first ring-shaped region concentric thereto where no through-holes are formed. For instance, the first ring-shaped region has a width greater than 10%, but smaller than 95% of a radius of the polishing pad. The apparatus enhances uniformity in polishing a substrate.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a capacitor, a semiconductor substrate is provided. On the semiconductor substrate, a transistor is formed. Then, a first conductive layer is formed on the substrate. An insulating layer is formed on the first conductive layer. A second conductive layer is formed on the insulating layer. The second conductive layer is patterned to form an upper electrode. Finally, the first conductive layer is patterned to form a lower electrode and a conductive pattern after the formation of the upper electrode.

Abstract: An image positional relation apparatus is provided, in which coordinate data of a real targed photographed by a CCD camera and coordinate data of a virtual target logically calculated from the predetermined position of the real target are transmitted to a superimpose circuit, and the real target and the virtual target are superimposed to be displayed on a monitor screen. A user operates a controller so that the real target coincides with the virtual target. An amount of such operation is transmitted to the superimpose circuit as a correction amount, and the positional relation between the real target and the virtual target, i.e., the positional relation between the real image and the virtual image can be properly corrected.

Abstract: In an optical scanning device and image forming apparatus according to the present invention, a light source emits a light beam, and a scanning optical unit deflects the light beam from the light source and focuses the deflected light beam to form a light spot on a scanned surface, the scanned surface being scanned by the light beam from the scanning optical unit. A temperature detection unit detects a temperature of the scanning optical unit and its neighboring locations. A temperature compensation unit adjusts a focal-point position of the light beam on the scanned surface in accordance with a change in the temperature detected by the temperature detection unit, the temperature compensation unit adjusting the focal-point position of the light beam by directly varying a focusing effect of a corrector lens on the light beam from the light source by a controlled amount of movement of the corrector lens along its optical axis that corresponds to the temperature change.

Abstract: A sheet finisher for an image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a conveying device for conveying a sheet and a punch unit for punching the sheet being conveyed by the conveying device. A sheet edge sensor senses the edge of the sheet, which is being conveyed by the conveying device, parallel to the direction of sheet conveyance. A drive source moves the sheet edge sensor in a direction perpendicular to the direction of sheet conveyance. Another drive source moves the punch unit in the direction perpendicular to the direction of sheet conveyance in accordance with information output from the sheet edge sensor. A controller controls the two drive sources by a preselected pulse ratio, thereby causing the punch unit to accurately punch the sheet.

Abstract: An electrical discharge machine for forming a small hole including an intermediate guide having an upper guide and lower guide to support an electrode for forming a small hole at two points between an electrode holder and a small hole guide and also having a chuck, which can be opened and closed, provided in each guide; a first drive unit to drive the intermediate guide in the longitudinal direction of the electrode, a second drive unit to open and close the guide chucks of the intermediate guide; and a third drive unit to variably change distance L between the upper guide and lower guide of the intermediate guide in the longitudinal direction of the electrode.