Abstract: An object detection apparatus includes a light emission unit including a light source to emit light, a light receiving unit including a light detector to receive light reflected from an object, a signal processing unit including a signal detector to be input with an output signal of the light detector or a signal acquired by processing the output signal of the light detector, and a control unit to set at least one area in a light emission region of the light emission unit as a target area, and to set at least one of a light emission condition of the light emission unit and a processing condition of the signal processing unit such that the at least one of the light emission condition and the processing condition are different between when the light is emitted to the target area and when the light is emitted to a background area.

Abstract: A method of forming a monolithic three-dimensional memory device includes forming a first alternating stack over a substrate, forming an insulating cap layer, forming a first memory opening through the insulating cap layer and the first alternating stack, forming a sacrificial pillar structure in the first memory opening, forming a second alternating stack, forming a second memory opening, forming an inter-stack memory opening, forming a memory film and a first semiconductor channel layer in the inter-stack memory opening, anisotropically etching a horizontal bottom portion of the memory film and the first semiconductor channel layer to expose the substrate at the bottom of the inter-stack memory opening such that damage to portions of the first semiconductor channel layer and the memory film located adjacent to the insulating cap layer is reduced or avoided, and forming a second semiconductor channel layer in contact with the exposed substrate in the inter-stack memory opening.

Abstract: An etch-stop annular spacer can be formed around a protruding portion of a sacrificial pillar structure that fills a lower memory opening through a first insulating cap layer and through an underlying first alternating stack of first insulating layers and first spacer layers. The etch-stop layer comprises a material that is different from the material of the sacrificial pillar structure. After formation of a second insulating cap layer, a second alternating stack of second insulating layers and second spacer layers can be formed over the sacrificial pillar structure. An upper memory opening is formed though the second alternating stack by an anisotropic etch that employs the etch-stop annular spacer as an etch stop. A memory opening is formed by removing the sacrificial pillar structure underneath the upper memory opening selective to the etch-stop annular spacer. A memory stack structure without a convex protrusion can be formed in the memory opening.

Abstract: An annular dielectric spacer can be formed at a level of a joint-level dielectric material layer between vertically neighboring pairs of alternating stacks of insulating layers and spacer material layers. After formation of a memory opening through multiple alternating stacks and formation of a memory film therein, an anisotropic etch can be performed to remove a horizontal bottom portion of the memory film. The annular dielectric spacer can protect underlying portions of the memory film during the anisotropic etch. In addition, a silicon nitride barrier may be employed to suppress hydrogen diffusion at an edge region of peripheral devices.

Abstract: An optical deflector includes a mirror rotatable around a rotating shaft of the optical deflector, the mirror including a base made of metal and a reflective surface, the reflective surface being parallel to an axial direction of the rotating shaft of the mirror. The mirror has a length that is twice a length from a center of the rotating shaft to the reflective surface, which is shorter than a length of the reflective surface in the direction of the rotating shaft.

Abstract: A distance measuring device includes a first measurer, a second distance measurer, and circuitry. The first distance measurer measures a distance to a target object; and outputs first distance information indicating a measured distance when the distance measurement is performed under a condition that satisfies a distance measurement condition, but outputs the first distance information indicating a predetermined value when the distance measurement is performed under a condition that does not satisfy the distance measurement condition. The second distance measurer measures a distance to the target object and outputs second distance information indicating the measured distance. When the first distance information indicates the predetermined value and the second distance information satisfies a predetermined condition, the circuitry makes alteration such that the distance measurement condition is relaxed.

Abstract: A nitrile copolymer rubber composition including a nitrile copolymer rubber (A) containing 35 to 80 wt % of ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units (a1), 19.5 to 64.5 wt % of conjugated diene monomer units (a2), and 0.5 to 20 wt % of ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer units (a3) and an inorganic filler (B) with an aspect ratio of 30 to 2,000, wherein a content of the inorganic filler (B) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the nitrile copolymer rubber (A) is 1 to 200 parts by weight is provided.

Abstract: An object detector includes a projector including a light source having a two-dimensionally arranged plurality of light emitter groups, ach of the light emitter groups having a plurality of light emitters, a light receiver which receives light emitted from the projector, and reflected by an object, and a light source driver which lights on and lights off each of the light emitter groups of the light source.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical measurement device including a first light source, an optical element that condenses a light beam emitted from the first light source, a light irradiator that irradiates the light beam onto an object; and a photo detector that detects reflected light or scattered light of the light beam from the object through an imaging system, the light beam being irradiated onto the object, wherein a first optical path length from the first light source to a first conjugate image of the first light source by the optical element is different from a second optical path length from the photo detector to a second conjugate image of the photo detector by the imaging system at least in a first direction.

Abstract: An object detector includes a projector including a light source having a two-dimensionally arranged plurality of light emitter groups, each of the light emitter groups having a plurality of light emitters, a light receiver which receives light emitted from the projector, and reflected by an object, and a light source driver which lights on and lights off each of the light emitter groups of the light source.

Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus includes a light source to emit light, a light deflector having a reflection face to deflect the light as a scan-use light to scan an image generation element by oscillating the reflection face, a light receiving element to receive a control-use light to generate a signal used for controlling a scanning condition of the scan-use light, and a control unit to control the scanning condition of the light deflector based on the generated signal.

Abstract: To provide a method for controlling an X-ray image diagnostic apparatus and an X-ray generation device equipped with an ABS system tracking movement of an object position without an operator performing setting operation for a region of interest (ROI), the determination condition storage unit (6i) storing ROI position determination conditions in which image statistical information is used for defining conditions to determine a position of an ROI in an X-ray image out of plural blocks generated by dividing the X-ray image into plural regions, the first block statistical information calculation unit (6f) calculating the image statistical information for each of plural blocks, and the region-of-interest position selection unit (6g) selecting a block that serves as an ROI from among plural blocks using the ROI position determination conditions and the image statistical information of each block are provided.

Abstract: A method for producing a product having an uneven microstructure on a surface thereof includes: a step (I) which treats a surface of a roll mold (20) having an uneven microstructure thereon with an external release agent containing a fluorine and not containing a functional group (B) which reacts with a functional group (A) existing on the surface of the product; and a step (II) which obtains the product having the uneven microstructure on the surface thereof (40) by inserting an active energy ray curable resin composition (38) including an internal release agent between the roll mold (20) and a film (substrate) (42) after the step (I). Then, the composition is hardened by being irradiated with an active energy ray and a cured resin layer (44) having a surface, onto which the uneven microstructure is transferred, is formed on the surface of the film (42).

Abstract: A semiconductor laser driving apparatus for driving a semiconductor laser serving as a light source for optical scanning, the semiconductor laser driving apparatus includes: first and second switching elements that are each capable of switching energization of the semiconductor laser ON/OFF; a first pulse generation unit that intermittently outputs first driving pulses to the first switching element in a first time slot; and a second pulse generation unit that outputs a second driving pulse to the second switching element in a second time slot different from the first time slot.

Abstract: A control apparatus of a base station includes a controller to execute a process of measuring delay time of a signal in a predetermined route segment of a communication route between a radio apparatus and a baseband apparatus to process the signal coming from the radio apparatus, and a process of determining at least one of a protocol and a specification used for the communication between the baseband apparatus and the radio apparatus, corresponding to the delay time.

Abstract: In order to follow the ABS conditions when the movement of the object position, such as the movement of an object or the movement of an X-ray tube, occurs during fluoroscopy, an X-ray image diagnostic apparatus includes a histogram generation unit 6b that generates a histogram showing the distribution of brightness values of an X-ray image of an object; an object region detection unit 6c that detects an object region, which is a region where the object is imaged, in the X-ray image on the basis of the histogram; and an X-ray condition determination unit 2a that determines X-ray conditions defining an output of X-rays so that a brightness value representing the object region approaches a target brightness value of the object region set in advance.

Abstract: A projection optical system includes a light source to emit light and an optical element including an incidence plane on which the light from the light source is incident and an emission plane having a plurality of flat planes to emit the light, wherein the plurality of flat planes includes a first inclination plane inclining in a direction of the light-emitting surface.

Abstract: An object detection apparatus includes an incident optical system, which includes light source units and a combining unit combining light beams emitted from the light source units; a deflection unit including rotating reflection parts that deflect the light beams to scan and be irradiated on a predetermined range of an object; an imaging unit forming an image based on the light from the predetermined range of the object; and an optical detection unit detecting the object based on the light received via the imaging unit. Further the combining unit combines the light beams such that each of the combined light beams passes a single light path when projected onto a predetermined plane, and each of the light paths exists outside a region of the deflection unit when projected onto the first plane.

Abstract: An object detector includes a light source; an optical system that converts a light beam emitted from the light source into a predetermined state; a deflector that deflects and scans the light beam passing through the optical system, and that irradiates the light beam onto an object; and a photo detector that detects reflected light or scattered light. A first size of a light emitting region of the light source is different from a second size of the light emitting region, wherein the first size is a first width of the light emitting region in a first direction, and the second size is a second width of the light emitting region in a second direction. One of the first direction and the second direction corresponding to a smaller one of the first size and the second size coincides with a direction in which angular resolution is higher.

Abstract: An optical scanner is provided including a light source configured to emit light, a light source driving device configured to drive the light source, a light deflector having at least one rotating reflection plane and configured to deflect the light emitted from the light source to a scanning area, and a light detector configured to output a signal to control a timing at which scanning of the scanning area by the light deflected by the light deflector starts, where the light detector and the scanning area are sequentially scanned in a single scanning by one reflection plane of the light deflector, and the light source driving device drives the light source using a first driving method when the light scans the light detector, and drives the light source using a second driving method that is different from the first driving method when the light scans the scanning area.