Abstract: Disclosed herein are a test apparatus that photographs a home mark of a microfluidic apparatus by using a camera and determining a position of a home of the microfluidic apparatus by using the camera, and a control method thereof. The method of controlling a test apparatus includes photographing a microfluidic apparatus at a predetermined frame rate by using a camera of the test apparatus while the microfluidic apparatus is rotating at a predetermined speed, acquiring a capture image which includes a home mark of the microfluidic apparatus among a plurality of images acquired by the camera, and acquiring information which relates to an encoder of the test apparatus and which corresponds to the home mark of the capture image and determining a position of a home of the microfluidic apparatus based on the acquired information.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate includes: pluralities of gate lines and data lines arranged to define a plurality of pixel regions, and a plurality of thin film transistors formed on the pixel regions in such a manner as to include first and second thin film transistors connected to the same gate line and the pixel regions adjacent to each other. Each of the first and second thin film transistors includes: a gate electrode connected to the gate line; a semiconductor layer formed on the gate line in an octagon shape; a source electrode connected to the data line; and a drain electrode formed in an opposite shape to the source electrode.

Abstract: An X-ray tube is provided. The X-ray tube includes a cathode electrode which is disposed in one end of a vacuum container and includes an emitter emitting an electron; a gate electrode which is disposed in the vacuum container to be adjacent to the cathode electrode; an anode electrode which is disposed in the vacuum container of the other end of a direction in which the vacuum container extends and inclines with respect to the cathode electrode; and a focusing electrode which is disposed in the vacuum container along an inner circumference surface of the vacuum container between the gate electrode and the anode electrode. The focusing electrode has an opening of which a plan cross section has a maximum width and a minimum width different from each other.

Abstract: An LED illumination apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate, a light source disposed on the substrate, a cover unit, wherein the cover unit is configured to cover the light source, which is disposed on the substrate, and a reflector which is configured to extend from the cover unit inside to the upper substrate, whereby a light generated by the light source illuminates an area below a bottom side of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a method of driving multi electrical field emission devices. The method includes: respectively connecting first current control circuit devices for current path formation to a plurality of electric field emission devices; commonly connecting a second current control circuit device to the first current control circuit devices to commonly control the first current control circuit devices; and driving the first current control circuit devices at different timings when the second current control circuit device is driven.

Abstract: An LED illumination apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate, a light source disposed on the substrate, a cover unit, wherein the cover unit is configured to cover the light source, which is disposed on the substrate, and a reflector which is configured to extend from the cover unit inside to the upper substrate, whereby a light generated by the light source illuminates an area below a bottom side of the substrate.

Abstract: An LED illumination apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate, a light source disposed on the substrate, a cover unit, wherein the cover unit is configured to cover the light source, which is disposed on the substrate, and a reflector which is configured to extend from the cover unit inside to the upper substrate, whereby a light generated by the light source illuminates an area below a bottom side of the substrate.

Abstract: An LED illumination apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate, a light source disposed on the substrate, a cover unit, wherein the cover unit is configured to cover the light source, which is disposed on the substrate, and a reflector which is configured to extend from the cover unit inside to the upper substrate, whereby a light generated by the light source illuminates an area below a bottom side of the substrate.

Abstract: An input buffer includes an amplifier circuit configured to amplify an input signal and output an amplified signal to a first output node. The input signal is amplified according to a first bias voltage set, at a bias node, to a first level based on a power supply voltage and a reference voltage. The input buffer includes an output circuit configured to receive and buffer the amplified signal and output an output signal to a second output node. The input buffer includes a dynamic bias voltage generator configured to change the first bias voltage to a second level in response to a transition of the output signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel supplying apparatus, for a direct carbon fuel cell, which has improved output density by ensuring the flow properties of an anode medium. The fuel supplying apparatus for a direct carbon fuel cell comprises: a flow pipe which forms it cylindrical flow path in the vertical direction around a tube-shaped cell contained in an anode medium in which a carbon fuel is mixed; and a bubbling means which provides a gas from below the flow pipe to the inside of the anode medium and thus enables the anode medium to flow by the vertical flow of the gas. Consequently, the anode medium is provided to the anode of the tube-shaped cell by the flow.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel supplying apparatus, for a direct carbon fuel cell, which has improved output density by ensuring the flow properties of an anode medium. The fuel supplying apparatus for a direct carbon fuel cell comprises: a flow pipe which forms a flow path around a tube-shaped cell contained in an anode medium in which a carbon fuel is mixed; and a bubbling means which provides a gas from below the flow pipe to the inside of the anode medium and thus enables the anode medium to flow by the upward movement of the gas. Consequently, the carbon fuel is forcibly provided to the anode of the tube-shaped cell by the flow of the anode medium which is linked with the upward movement of the gas.

Abstract: A separation container includes a separation tube receiving a sample therein, a first sedimentation part connected to an end portion of the tube, a particle in the sample being deposited by a centrifugal or agitating force, and a separating part provided in the tube and including at least one separating layer which selectively opens and closes the tube.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a stacked x-ray tube apparatus using a spacer, and more particularly, to a stacked x-ray tube apparatus using a spacer that makes it possible to reduce the size of an x-ray tube by forming a stacked structure, with electric insulation and predetermined gaps maintained for each electrode, by forming a stacked x-ray tube by inserting insulating spacers (for example, ceramic) between a exhausting port, a cathode, a gate, a focusing electrode, and an anode and bonding them with an adhesive substance, and then inserting a spacer between a field emitter on a cathode substrate and a gate hole connected with a gate electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a field emission device and a method of manufacturing the same. The field emission device includes an anode electrode and a cathode electrode which are opposite to each other, a counter layer provided on the anode electrode, and a field emitter provided on the cathode electrode and facing the counter layer. Herein, the field emitter includes a carbon nanotube emitting cold electrons and a photoelectric material emitting photo electrons.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electric field emission x-ray tube apparatus equipped with a built-in getter, and more particularly, to an electric field emission x-ray tube apparatus equipped with a built-in getter that makes it possible to reduce the size of an x-ray tube by forming a stacked structure, with electric insulation and predetermined gaps maintained for each electrode, by manufacturing an x-ray tube having a stacked structure by inserting insulating spacers (for example, ceramic) between an exhausting port, a cathode, a gate, a focusing electrode, and an anode and bonding them with an adhesive substance, and then inserting a spacer between a field emitter on a cathode substrate and a gate hole connected with a gate electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor light emitting device includes a light emitting structure and first and second electrodes. The light emitting structure includes first and second conductivity type semiconductor layers and an active layer interposed therebetween. The first and second electrodes are electrically connected to the first and second conductivity type semiconductor layers. The second electrode includes a current blocking layer, a reflective part disposed on the current blocking layer, a transparent electrode layer disposed on the second conductivity type semiconductor layer, a pad electrode part disposed within a region of the current blocking layer, and at least one finger electrode part disposed at least in part on the transparent electrode layer. The transparent electrode layer can be spaced apart from the reflective part, and have an opening surrounding the reflective part. In some examples, the transparent electrode layer can further be spaced apart from the current blocking layer.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray tube. The X-ray tube includes an electrode on which an electron beam impacts to generate an X-ray, and a window on which the electrode is disposed and through which the X-ray generated from the electrode is transmitted. The electrode includes a channel passing through the electrode, and the electron beam is provided into the channel to generate the X-ray.

Abstract: An image composing apparatus includes an image input unit which captures original images using front, rear, left, and right cameras of a vehicle; an external memory which stores the original images, a look up table, and a composite image; an original image window generating unit which sets an M×N basic pixel group to analyze a coordinate value based on the look up table and calculates a starting coordinate and a window size of the window in accordance with the coordinate value; an internal memory control unit which reads the original images in accordance with the starting coordinate and the window size to store the original image; an image composing unit which composes the original images read out based on the coordinate value to generate the composite image; and an image output unit which reads the composite image to output the composite image to a display device.

Abstract: A test apparatus, which may compare detection data of a detector with reference data and correct a positional error in the detector due to the failing of a motor, and a method of controlling the same are provided. The test apparatus includes a detector configured to irradiate light to a plurality of chambers of a reaction device and detect a detection target, a motor configured to move the detector such that light is irradiated to the plurality of chambers, and a controller configured to compare detection data of the detector regarding the reaction device with reference data, determine a positional error in the detector, and correct the positional error.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a field emission X-ray tube apparatus for facilitating cathode replacement, and more particularly, to a field emission X-ray tube apparatus for facilitating cathode replacement in which gates and cathodes are easily arranged through a joining member and a rotation preventing guide when gates and insulating spacers are rotated and joined with the cathodes while the cathodes and respective gates maintain electrical insulation, thereby easily replacing the cathodes.