Abstract: Disclosed is an EGR cooler. The EGR cooler includes: a laminated tube core formed by laminating a plurality of gas channels side by side, wherein a fin structure for improving heat transfer is inserted into the gas channels and opposite ends of the gas channels are open; a body shell including a body part, in which the laminated tube core is accommodated, and a pair of end tank parts integrally provided at opposite ends of the body part; coolant pipes connected to the body shell so as to supply coolant to a periphery of the laminated tube core and to discharge the coolant to an outside; and a pair of flanges respectively fittingly coupled to the pair of end tank parts.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an insulating interlayer on a first region of a substrate. The insulating interlayer has a recess therein and includes a low-k material having porosity. A damage curing layer is formed on an inner surface of the recess. A barrier pattern is formed on the damage curing layer. A copper structure fills the recess and is disposed on the barrier pattern. The copper structure includes a copper pattern and a copper-manganese capping pattern covering a surface of the copper pattern. A diffusion of metal in a wiring structure of the semiconductor device may be prevented, and thus a resistance of the wiring structure may decrease.

Abstract: Wireless network, access point, and terminal are disclosed. A method for determining a size of an access window performed in an access point in a wireless network may comprise estimating a number of terminals attempting to access uplink (hereafter, uplink access attempt terminals) in a first access window including at least one uplink slot which is allocated to the terminal or is randomly selected by the terminal so as to transmit uplink data; and determining a size of a second access window next to the first access window based on the estimated number of the uplink access attempt terminals.

Abstract: The present invention includes: a wearable device including a head mounted display (HMD); an augmented reality service providing terminal paired with the wearable device and configured to reproduce content corresponding to a scenario-based preset flow via a GUI interface, overlay corresponding objects in a three-dimensional (3D) space being viewed from the wearable device when an interrupt occurs in an object formed in the content to thereby generate an augmented reality image, convert a state of each of the overlaid objects according to a user's gesture, and convert location regions of the objects based on motion information sensed by a motion sensor; and a pointing device including a magnetic sensor and configured to select or activate an object output from the augmented reality service providing terminal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a heat generation apparatus using permanent magnets. The heat generation apparatus using permanent magnets includes: a plurality of rotors fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft, and configured such that they are rotatable along with the rotating shaft with permanent magnets disposed thereon at predetermined intervals; a heat generation part configured such that the rotors are contained therein to thus form a predetermined gap between the heat generation part and the rotors, and adapted to generate heat while the permanent magnets are being rotated; a motor configured to serve as a source for the rotation of the rotating shaft; and a power transmission means configured to transfer the rotation force of the motor to the rotating shaft.

Abstract: Provided is random access method, performed by terminal for uplink data transmission during random access process between cellular based machine communication terminal and base station. The method includes performing random access process between cellular based machine communication terminal and base station, and the random access process includes selecting random access resource by considering coverage level and whether to support multi-tone transmission or not.

Abstract: A filter including a resonator formed of metal and including a first through hole in one direction, and a transmission line penetrating through the first through hole, wherein the transmission line is spaced apart from the first through hole.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices including an interconnection structure are provided. The devices may include an etch stop layer on a lower structure including a contact structure, a buffer layer on the etch stop layer, an intermetal insulating layer including a low-k dielectric material on the buffer layer. The intermetal insulating layer may include a first region having a first dielectric constant and a second region having a second dielectric constant different from the first dielectric constant. The device may also include interconnection structure including a plug portion electrically connected to the contact structure and an interconnection portion on the plug portion. The plug portion may include a first portion extending through the etch stop layer and a second portion that is in the intermetal insulating layer and has a width greater than a width of the first portion. The interconnection portion may include opposing lateral surfaces surrounded by the intermetal insulating layer.

Abstract: A battery pack and a controlling method thereof are disclosed. In one aspect, the battery pack includes a charge/discharge control switch connected between the battery cell and a terminal of the battery pack and configured to control charge and discharge current of the battery cell. The battery pack also includes a battery management system configured to generate an operating signal to control the charge/discharge control switch, wherein the operating signal comprises a first operating signal having a varying level or a second operating signal having a constant level. The battery pack further includes a monitoring unit configured to control an on/off state of the charge/discharge control switch based at least in part the operating signal received from the battery management system, and a blocking unit configured to turn off the charge/discharge control switch based at least in part a blocking signal received from the battery management system.

Abstract: Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate ; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating audio data and an apparatus and method for playing audio data may be disclosed, in which the apparatus for playing the audio data may extract a descriptor related to a multichannel audio signal from a bitstream generated by the apparatus for generating the audio data, and play the multichannel audio signal, based on the extracted descriptor, and the descriptor may include information on an audio signal included in the multichannel audio signal.

Abstract: A semiconductor system may include: an external channel including a CA (Command/Address) channel, and first and second data channels; and first and second semiconductor chips, which are coupled in common to the CA channel and coupled to respective different ones of the first and second data channels, and each of which includes a coupling information pad. A first value may be inputted to the coupling information pad of one of the first and second semiconductor chips that is coupled to the first data channel, and a second value may be inputted to the coupling information pad of the other semiconductor chip that is coupled to the second data channel. Each of the first and second semiconductor chips selectively stores setting information using CA information applied to the CA channel and a value inputted to the corresponding coupling information pad.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for hiding and extracting data based on a pilot code sequence are provided. A data hiding method may include converting an input audio signal to a frequency domain, distorting phase information of the audio signal converted to the frequency domain based on a pilot code sequence representing data to be hidden, and converting the audio signal with the distorted phase information to a time domain and transmitting the audio signal converted to the time domain. The pilot code sequence may be a set of phase values corresponding to a bit value “0” or “1” of data.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrode assembly including a cathode, an anode, and a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode wherein the anode includes lithium titanium oxide (LTO) as an anode active material and the separator is a non-woven separator, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for creating multilingual audio content based on a stereo audio signal. The method of creating multilingual audio content including adjusting an energy value of each of a plurality of sound sources provided in multiple languages, setting an initial azimuth angle of each of the sound sources based on a number of the sound sources, mixing each of the sound sources to generate a stereo signal based on the set initial azimuth angle, separating the sound sources to play the mixed sound sources using a sound source separating algorithm, and storing the mixed sound sources based on a sound quality of each of the separated sound sources.

Abstract: An audio encoding apparatus and method that encodes hybrid contents including an object sound, a background sound, and metadata, and an audio decoding apparatus and method that decodes the encoded hybrid contents are provided. The audio encoding apparatus may include a mixing unit to generate an intermediate channel signal by mixing a background sound and an object sound, a matrix information encoding unit to encode matrix information used for the mixing, an audio encoding unit to encode the intermediate channel signal, and a metadata encoding unit to encode metadata including control information of the object sound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing an implant that is to be surgically inserted in vivo, such as in an artificial knee or artificial hip. According to the method, the porous layer contains pores that have a vertically curved shape with a radius of 100 to 300 ?m, thus allowing a bond to grow into the pores to enhance bond adhesion, and an interconnection space is formed between turning points in adjacent unit base layers to increase the ratio of interconnection between pores, whereby bones are allowed to grow into the pores to increase bone adhesion.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrolytic copper foil in which an average diameter of a pore which is a region between surface elements protruding from a matte side is 1 mm to 100 nm. The electrolytic copper foil has high elongation while maintaining low roughness and high strength and thus may be used in a current collector of a medium-large size lithium ion secondary battery and a semiconductor packaging substrate, and the like, for tape automated bonding (TAB) which is used in a tape carrier package (TCP).

Abstract: Provided is a tag insertion method performed by an apparatus for inserting a tag into a stereo audio signal, the method including receiving an original stereo audio signal, analyzing an energy distribution of the original stereo audio signal based on an azimuth, determining valid azimuths for control information and for a plurality of pieces of tag information based on the energy distribution, wherein the control information is used to control tag information, modulating the plurality of pieces of tag information and the control information generated based on the valid azimuths, generating a left signal and a right signal based on the modulated control information and the plurality of pieces of modulated tag information, and generating a multi-tagged stereo audio signal by mixing the generated left signal and the generated right signal with the original stereo audio signal.

Abstract: The present invention includes the steps of: collecting data associated with a preset authoring item based on a predetermined viewing point within content to be guided, when an authoring mode; rendering authoring item-specific data collected based on a preset augmented reality content service policy, matching the rendered data to metadata corresponding to the viewing point, and storing the matched data; checking the metadata of the viewing point; and as a result of the checking, matching the metadata to the content displayed in the viewing region and augmenting the content.