Abstract: Embodiments of the inventive concepts provide an apparatus and a method for treating a substrate. The apparatus includes a substrate support unit supporting the substrate, and a liquid supply unit supplying a treatment solution to the substrate supported by the substrate support unit. The liquid supply unit includes a nozzle discharging the treatment solution to the substrate, a liquid supply line supplying the treatment solution to the nozzle, a mixing member installed on the liquid supply line, a mixing space formed within the mixing member, and a gas supply line connected to the mixing member to supply a gas into the mixing space. The mixing member includes a body within which the mixing space is formed, and an inflow port combined with the body such that the gas supplied through the inflow port is mixed with the treatment solution in the mixing space to form nano-sized bubbles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a secondary battery which includes an electrode assembly comprising inner stacked electrodes and at least one outermost electrode positioned on at least one end of the inner stacked electrodes; and a case configured to house the electrode assembly. Herein, the at least one outermost electrode comprise an inactive material.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery including: an electrode assembly; and a case including a receiving portion to house the electrode assembly, a junction portion disposed around the receiving portion, formed by bonded films of the case, and gas outlet disposed in the junction portion. The gas outlet includes a first block portion, a second block portion, and a buffering space disposed between the first and second block portions.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes an electrode assembly, a case, and an electrode terminal. The electrode assembly including at least a central negative electrode, a pair of positive electrodes disposed on opposite side of the central negative electrode, and pair of outermost negative electrodes adjacent the pair of positive electrodes with a separator separating all the electrodes from each other. The pair of outermost negative electrodes respectively include a negative current collector and negative active material layers formed on both sides of the negative current collector. The case receives the electrode assembly. The electrode terminal includes a positive terminal connected to a positive electrode and a negative terminal connected to a negative electrode.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery includes a binder for a rechargeable lithium battery, and a positive active material composition. The binder for the rechargeable lithium battery includes a nitrile-based polymer nanoparticle and a fluorine-containing polymer nanoparticle.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery that includes: an electrode assembly generating a current; a case accommodating the electrode assembly therein; and a cap assembly coupled to the case so as to be electrically connected with the electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode that are sequentially stacked, and the separator includes a main body part disposed between the first and second electrodes and protrusions formed that protrude from the main body part to the side of at least one of an end portion of the first electrode and an end portion of the second electrode.

Abstract: An electrode assembly, a rechargeable battery including the same, and a method of manufacturing an electrode thereof, the electrode assembly including a first electrode, the first electrode including a mesh-type first electrode current collector having a plurality of pores, and a first electrode active material layer adhered to the first electrode current collector, wherein an edge active material layer protrudes from a side of the first current collector; a second electrode including a second electrode current collector, and a second electrode active material layer adhered to the second electrode current collector; and a separator interposed between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes an electrode assembly, a case, and an electrode terminal. The electrode assembly including at least a central negative electrode, a pair of positive electrodes disposed on opposite side of the central negative electrode, and pair of outermost negative electrodes adjacent the pair of positive electrodes with a separator separating all the electrodes from each other. The pair of outermost negative electrodes respectively include a negative current collector and negative active material layers formed on both sides of the negative current collector. The case receives the electrode assembly. The electrode terminal includes a positive terminal connected to a positive electrode and a negative terminal connected to a negative electrode.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery that can improve heat dissipating characteristics is provided. The rechargeable battery includes: an electrode group including a positive electrode; an electrode group that has at least one terminal; a case that defines a recess that receives the electrode group wherein the case includes an opening that provides access to the recess; a film cover that extends over the opening so as to secure the electrode group within the recess of the case; and a heat dissipating member positioned on the case so as extend outward from the case to dissipate heat from the recess containing the electrode group. Multiple batteries can be assembled into modules where the batteries are stacked so that the film covers are protected from external impact.

Abstract: An electrode assembly and a rechargeable battery having an electrode assembly. An electrode assembly for a rechargeable battery includes a first electrode; a second electrode; a first separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first separator having a plurality of first pores, each of the first pores elongated in a first direction; and a second separator on an opposite side of the first electrode from the first separator, the second separator having a plurality of second pores, each of the second pores elongated in a second direction crossing the first direction.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery including a battery cell, and a battery case housing the battery cell, the battery case including a silane-based compound.

Abstract: A polymer composition for a rechargeable lithium battery including a polymer of a first monomer selected from methylmethacrylate (MMA), acrylonitrile (AN), or a combination thereof, and a second monomer of ethylene oxide (EO), as well as a lithium salt.

Abstract: An auto ignition type autothermal reformer (ATR) performs reproducible ignition using a catalyst that performs ignition without a separate ignition unit, such as an igniter or heating wire, and a fuel cell system having the ATR. The ATR includes a reaction container having a first opening through which a fuel is introduced into the reaction container and a second opening through which a reformate is discharged from the reaction container, the fuel having a mixture of an aqueous primary fuel solution and hydrogen peroxide; a first catalyst disposed adjacent to the first opening in the reaction container, the first catalyst being a granular catalyst; a second catalyst disposed at the rear portion of the first catalyst to promote an autothermal reforming reaction; and a third catalyst disposed at the rear portion of the second catalyst to promote an oxidation reaction.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of rechargeable batteries, each rechargeable battery including a case having an opening at one side and an electrode assembly inserted inside the case; and a sealing layer disposed between an opening of at least one case and a case of a neighboring rechargeable battery, wherein the opening of the at least case is covered by the case of the neighboring rechargeable battery.

Abstract: A battery module for a rechargeable battery. The battery module has low contact resistance and includes: a plurality of electrode assemblies incorporating a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; a housing installed with the electrode assembly; and at least one conductive barrier inserted in the housing thereby dividing the space inside the housing, and electrically connecting the plurality of electrode assemblies.

Abstract: A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery that includes a core including a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and a carbon layer disposed on the core and including low crystalline carbon. LixTiyOz ??[Chemical Formula 1] where 0.1?x?4, 1?y?5, and 2?z?12.

Abstract: A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, a method of preparing the negative active material, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the negative active material. The negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti5O12) having a tap density of about 1.2 g/cc to 2.2 g/cc. The lithium titanium oxide is prepared by a mechano-chemical treatment and a heat treatment at a low temperature of about 650° C. to 775° C. According to the present invention, lithium titanium oxide having high crystallinity and tap density can be prepared through a simple and low-cost solid-phase method, e.g., a mechano-chemical treatment, and thus an electrode with excellent electrochemical reactivity and high energy density per volume can be fabricated.

Abstract: Disclosed is rechargeable lithium battery that includes a positive electrode including a positive active material layer, a negative electrode including a negative active material and an electrolyte wherein the positive active material layer includes a positive active material, a binder, a conductive material, and an activated carbon, the activated carbon includes micropores in which manganese ions are adsorbed and trapped, and the activated carbon is included in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 3 wt % based on the total weight of the positive active material layer.

Abstract: An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a current collector; a first active material layer on the current collector, the first active material including a first binder, an active material, and a conductive material; and a second active material layer on the first active material layer, the second active material including a second binder including a copolymer, an active material, and a conductive material. A method of preparing the electrode is also provided. A rechargeable lithium battery includes the electrode.

Abstract: An electrode assembly, a rechargeable battery including the same, and a method of manufacturing an electrode thereof, the electrode assembly including a first electrode, the first electrode including a mesh-type first electrode current collector having a plurality of pores, and a first electrode active material layer adhered to the first electrode current collector, wherein an edge active material layer protrudes from a side of the first current collector; a second electrode including a second electrode current collector, and a second electrode active material layer adhered to the second electrode current collector; and a separator interposed between the first and second electrodes.