Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification and use of polypeptides that bind to antibodies directed to a desired polypeptide of interest. Using natriuretic peptides and their precursors, and in particular BNP, as an example, the present invention describes a number of natriuretic peptides fragments produced in biological samples, most preferably blood-derived samples, that bind to antibodies directed to BNP. Because production of such fragments is an ongoing process that may be a function of, inter alia, the elapsed time between onset of an event triggering natriuretic peptide release into the tissues and the time the sample is obtained or analyzed; the elapsed time between sample acquisition and the time the sample is analyzed; the type of tissue sample at issue; the storage conditions; the quantity of proteolytic enzymes present; etc.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and materials for mapping interaction characteristics between components of a multicomponent biological complex. The methods involve capturing a multicomponent complex on a solid support and washing the support with a series of elution washes forming a gradient of solute concentrations, and determining whether a particular elution wash eluted a particular component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification and use of polypeptides that bind to antibodies directed to a desired polypeptide of interest. Using natriuretic peptides and their precursors, and in particular BNP, as an example, the present invention describes a number of natriuretic peptides fragments produced in biological samples, most preferably blood-derived samples, that bind to antibodies directed to BNP. Because production of such fragments is an ongoing process that may be a function of, inter alia, the elapsed time between onset of an event triggering natriuretic peptide release into the tissues and the time the sample is obtained or analyzed; the elapsed time between sample acquisition and the time the sample is analyzed; the type of tissue sample at issue; the storage conditions; the quantity of proteolytic enzymes present; etc.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for desorption and ionization of analytes for the purpose of subsequent scientific analysis by such methods, for example, as mass spectrometry or biosensors. More specifically, this invention relates to the field of mass spectrometry, especially to the type of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, time-of-flight mass spectrometry used to analyze macromolecules, such as proteins or biomolecules. Most specifically, this invention relates to the sample probe geometry, sample probe composition, and sample probe surface chemistries that enable the selective capture and desorption of analytes, including intact macromolecules, directly from the probe surface into the gas (vapor) phase without added chemical matrix.

Abstract: The invention provides a probe and a method of making the probe that is removably insertable into a gas phase ion spectrometer, the probe comprising a substrate having a surface and a hydrogel material on the surface, the hydrogel material comprising binding functionalities for binding with an analyte detectable by the gas phase ion spectrometer. The invention also provides a probe and a method of making the probe that is removably insertable into a gas phase ion spectrometer, the probe comprising a substrate having a surface and a plurality of particles that are uniform in diameter on the surface, the particles comprising binding functionalities for binding with an analyte detectable by the gas phase ion spectrometer.

Abstract: The invention provides a probe and a method of making the probe that is removably insertable into a gas phase ion spectrometer, the probe comprising a substrate having a surface and a hydrogel material on the surface, the hydrogel material comprising binding functionalities for binding with an analyte detectable by the gas phase ion spectrometer. The invention also provides a probe and a method of making the probe that is removably insertable into a gas phase ion spectrometer, the probe comprising a substrate having a surface and a plurality of particles that are uniform in diameter on the surface, the particles comprising binding functionalities for binding with an analyte detectable by the gas phase ion spectrometer.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for desorption and ionization of analytes for the purpose of subsequent scientific analysis by such methods, for example, as mass spectrometry or biosensors. More specifically, this invention relates to the field of mass spectrometry, especially to the type of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, time-of-flight mass spectrometry used to analyze macromolecules, such as proteins or biomolecules. Most specifically, this invention relates to the sample probe geometry, sample probe composition, and sample probe surface chemistries that enable the selective capture and desorption of analytes, including intact macromolecules, directly from the probe surface into the gas (vapor) phase without added chemical matrix.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of monitoring the production of a target polypeptide by generating surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectral profiles of samples taken from multiple cell culture batches or of samples taken at different times from a given batch. The invention additionally provides methods for monitoring the purification of a target polypeptide from a mixture by generating surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectral profiles of samples taken at various times during a purification process. In addition, the invention relates to methods of identifying conditions that can be used in increasing the scale of a given purification process.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry. The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry. The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.

Abstract: Certain biomarkers and biomarker combinations are useful in a qualifying lung cancer status in a subject. A diagnostic methodology employing these biomarkers and combinations can detect whether a subject has lung cancer.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry. The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry. The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for desorption and ionization of analytes for the purpose of subsequent scientific analysis by such methods, for example, as mass spectrometry or biosensors. More specifically, this invention relates to the field of mass spectrometry, especially to the type of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization, time-of-flight mass spectrometry used to analyze macromolecules, such as proteins or biomolecules. Most specifically, this invention relates to the sample probe geometry, sample probe composition, and sample probe surface chemistries that enable the selective capture and desorption of analytes, including intact macromolecules, directly from the probe surface into the gas (vapor) phase without added chemical matrix.

Abstract: This invention is directed to probes that are removably insertable into mass spectrometers. The probes have sample presenting surfaces, at least, that contain non-metallic materials. The probes are useful in methods of desorbing analytes from the probe surface. The invention also is directed to detection systems that include the probes and methods of detecting analytes using the system.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for desorption and ionization of analytes for the purpose of subsequent scientific analysis by such methods, for example, as mass spectrometry or biosensors. More specifically, this invention relates to the field of mass spectrometry, especially to the type of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, time-of-flight mass spectrometry used to analyze macromolecules, such as proteins or biomolecules. Most specifically, this invention relates to the sample probe geometry, sample probe composition, and sample probe surface chemistries that enable the selective capture and desorption of analytes, including intact macromolecules, directly from the probe surface into the gas (vapor) phase without added chemical matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fields of molecular biology, combinatorial chemistry and biochemistry. Particularly, the present invention describes apparatus and methods for the detection and isolation of binding partners and activity modulators for biomolecules. The apparatus described allows for expression, capture and analysis of one or more biomolecules in a single step.

Abstract: Certain biomarkers and biomarker combinations are useful in a qualifying hepatocellular carcinoma status in a patient. A diagnostic methodology employing these biomarkers and combinations can distinguish between hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver disease, for example.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.