Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device that can be driven over a wide brightness range from low brightness used in display applications to high brightness used in light sources, can be stably operated over a wide brightness range, is less in fluctuation between pixels, is high in the emission efficiency, is excellent in the life characteristics and has a plurality of light emitting portions is provided. An organic electroluminescent device includes a plurality of light emitting portions on a glass substrate, the light emitting portion including a pair of electrodes (anode, cathode), a light emitting layer interposed between the electrodes and a transition metal oxide layer disposed between at least one of the electrodes and the light emitting layer, the transition metal oxide layer being formed over the plurality of light emitting portions.

Abstract: To provide an organic electroluminescent element having uniform luminescence properties stable in operation and excellent in life property, an organic electroluminescent element in which a luminescent layer is provided between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein a buffer layer constituted with a transition metal oxide (for example, molybdenum oxide) is provided between the negative electrode and the luminescent layer.

Abstract: To provide an exposure device and an image forming apparatus using the same, in which the exposure device can detect light intensity with improved reliability and thereby controls the light intensity with high precision, the exposure device includes an EL (electro-luminescence) element having a first electrode (an anode), a second electrode (a cathode), and a light emitting layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, thereby forming a light emitting unit, and a light detecting element detecting light emitted from the EL element, in which the EL element and the light detecting element are stacked onto each other. The light detecting element is provided at an inner side of a principal surface of the electrode (the anode) which is disposed closer to the light detecting element than the other electrode. A light emitting area of the EL element is provided at an inner side of a principal surface of the light detecting element.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoconductor 8 which bears an image to be formed by exposure, a light emission part 600 which emits light for exposing the photoconductor 8 to the light, and a light quantity measuring part 700 which measures the quantity of the light emitted from the light emission part 600 and outputs a light quantity measuring signal. The light quantity measuring signal of the light quantity measuring part 700 is sent through an engine control part 42 to a controller 41, and the quantity of the light emitted from the light emission part 600 is controlled so that the light quantity measuring signal becomes a predetermined value. Here, a sign indicating inclination (change rate) of the light quantity measuring signal of the light quantity measuring part 700 for temperature is matched with a sign indicating inclination (change rate) of sensitivity of the photoconductor 8 for temperature.

Abstract: The invention concerns a light-emitting device comprising an electroluminescent element as a light source and a light-detecting element disposed superimposed on the electroluminescent element for detecting the quantity of light emitted by the electroluminescent element to generate an electric signal for use in the correction of the quantity of light emitted, wherein the light-detecting element has a semiconductor island region AR formed larger than a light-projecting region ALE and the thickness of the light-emitting layer in the light-projecting region ALE is uniform.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting apparatus for which sealing can be carried out with a simple step using a thermosetting resin as a material for a sealing part, and which has ensured a sufficient gas barrier property without damaging an organic electroluminescence element by heat, and further while using a simple sealing step. The apparatus was configured so as to have a substrate 2, a plurality of light emitting parts formed using a polymer organic electroluminescence material formed on the substrate 2, an electrode (cathode 7) covering the light emitting parts LS, and a sealing part 10 including a thermosetting resin, covering at least the wider region than this electrode (cathode 7).

Abstract: In an organic electroluminescence element, a stray light which is confined in the inside of a light emitting layer, an anode and a glass substrate receives the conversion of angle at an end portion of a pixel restricting portion and is eradiated and hence, a substantial light emitting region is expanded from an original light emitting region. When such an organic electroluminescence element is used in an exposure device, the resolution is substantially lowered.

Abstract: Providing an exposure unit using an organic electroluminescence element with a large emitted light quantity. The organic electroluminescence element has, on a substrate 31, an anode 32 acting as a hole injection electrode, a cathode 33 acting as an electron injection electrode, a first and second emission layers 34 and 35 each having a light emission region, and a charge generation layer 38 injecting electrons into the light emission layer 34 lying close to the anode 32 and injecting holes into the light emission layer 35 lying close to the cathode 33, these layers being arranged between the anode 32 and the cathode 33.

Abstract: In order to resolve the problem, an image forming apparatus of the invention is constructed by a constitution including exposing means including an exposure head comprising an organic electroluminescence element including at least an anode for injecting a hole, a luminescent layer having a luminescent region and a cathode for injecting an electron on a board, a photosensitive member formed with an electrostatic latent image by exposing light of the exposing means, developing means for forming a toner image on the photosensitive member by supplying a toner to the electrostatic latent image and cooling means for cooling the organic electroluminescence element. The organic electroluminescence element is cooled by the cooling means in this way and therefore, the temperature of the organic electroluminescence element can be controlled.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an exposer including an organic electroluminescence element including at least an anode for injecting a hole, a luminescent layer having a luminescent region and a cathode for injecting an electron on a board. A photosensitive member is formed with an electrostatic latent image by exposing light of the exposer, a developer forms a toner image on the photosensitive member by supplying a toner to the electrostatic latent image, and a cooler cools the organic electroluminescence element such that the temperature of the organic electroluminescence element can be controlled.

Abstract: With a conventional organic light emitting element, the pixel formation accuracy is controlled by the pattern formation accuracy of an electrode provided on the top surface of an organic layer. Since this electrode pattern must be formed after an organic layer is formed, only the vapor deposition method with low pattern formation accuracy is available. It makes it difficult to form homogenous and fine pixels. In a production method of an organic light emitting element in this invention, after forming a first electrode composed of a transparent electrode and a metal layer, an organic layer coats the transparent electrodes exposed by removing those portions of a metal layer corresponding to pixels, a second electrode is formed on the organic layer. In this method, the pixel formation accuracy depends on only a metal layer removing accuracy. Since the metal layer is removed before the organic layer is formed, the photolithographic technique can be applied to enable homogeneous and fine pixels to be formed.

Abstract: A light source for an image writing apparatus which can reduce the number of units without sacrifice in sufficient accuracy, and does not need an accurate alignment, and production method for the light source. The light source for the image writing apparatus forms an image by light emitted from light emitting elements provided on a specific substrate onto a photosensitive drum, wherein light emitting elements are disposed in a zigzag manner on one sheet of the substrate.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a light source provided with a converting means for converting the advancing direction of light emitted from the light source, whereby the direction in which the light source is disposed can be determined regardless of a direction in which light is emitted. The advancing direction of the light emitted from a light emitting element is converted into a direction in which the light transmitting means can transmit the light, so that the luminous intensity on the photosensitive drum can be increased. It is designed so as to increase a light emitting area of the light emitting element and condense the light emitted therefrom, in result the luminous flux density can be improved. The light emitting element applies a flat luminous unit, which is combined with a light transmitting means in one optical piece.

Abstract: The invention has an object of providing an organic electroluminescence element with a large emitted light quantity, an exposure unit and an image-forming apparatus both using the element. The organic electroluminescence element in accordance with the invention has, on a substrate, an anode acting as a hole injection electrode, a cathode acting as an electron injection electrode, a plurality of light emission layers each having a light emission region and a charge generation layer injecting electrons into the light emission layer lying close to the anode and injecting holes into the light emission layer lying close to the cathode, these layers being arranged between the anode and the cathode, and is configured so that the work function of the charge generation layer is set higher than the ionization potential of the light emission layer lying close to the anode.

Abstract: There are provided an organic electroluminescence element which is excellent in visibility and which can maintain a light emission performance with a high degree of efficiency, an image forming apparatus which is excellent in visibility and which can maintain a light emission performance with a high degree of efficiency, and a portable terminal unit which is lightweight and which has a long use life. The organic electroluminescence element incorporates at least, on a substrate, an anode for injecting holes, a luminous layer having a light emitting zone, a cathode for injecting electrons, wherein light radiated from the luminous layer is extracted through a surface opposed to the substrate, and an inverted V-like structure higher than the luminous layer is formed on at least a part of an element forming surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (OEL) element includes a scanning electrode and a signal electrode, which crosses the scanning electrode at right angles, on a substrate. The signal electrodes are formed of N-layer electrodes laminated like steps, where respective layers are insulated from each other. The scanning electrodes are formed on the signal electrodes via an organic thin film layer. As a result, a display area is divided into sections corresponding to laminated numbers, and the divided each section is scanned independently. A duty ratio for driving the OEL element becomes large and less power consumption thus can be expected.

Abstract: A light source includes a light emitting unit including a light emitting layer for electrically emitting a light, and a waveguide for emitting a light irradiated from the light emitting unit into air through a light take-out surface formed on an end face, wherein an area of the light take-out surface of the waveguide is set to be smaller than that of the light emitting layer. Thus, the light irradiated from the light emitting layer is emitted through the light take-out surface of the waveguide. Therefore, it is possible to freely determine the size of the light source by the size of the light take-out surface of the waveguide. Consequently, it is possible to easily obtain a very small light source.

Abstract: In order to resolve the problem, an image forming apparatus of the invention is constructed by a constitution including exposing means including an exposure head comprising an organic electroluminescence element including at least an anode for injecting a hole, a luminescent layer having a luminescent region and a cathode for injecting an electron on a board, a photosensitive member formed with an electrostatic latent image by exposing light of the exposing means, developing means for forming a toner image on the photosensitive member by supplying a toner to the electrostatic latent image and cooling means for cooling the organic electroluminescence element. The organic electroluminescence element is cooled by the cooling means in this way and therefore, the temperature of the organic electroluminescence element can be controlled.

Abstract: Electrically functional electronic device including an organic electroluminescence device is protected with a dense protective film, e.g. a silicon oxynitride film, formed on at least one part of the outer surface of the device at a low temperature by ECR plasma sputtering can prevent permeation of moisture, oxygen etc. into the device from the outside.

Abstract: There are provided an organic electroluminescence element which is excellent in visibility and which can maintain a light emission performance with a high degree of efficiency, an image forming apparatus which is excellent in visibility and which can maintain a light emission performance with a high degree of efficiency, and a portable terminal unit which is lightweight and which has a long use life. The organic electroluminescence element incorporates at least, on a substrate, an anode for injecting holes, a luminous layer having a light emitting zone, a cathode for injecting electrons, wherein light radiated from the luminous layer is extracted through a surface opposed to the substrate, and an inverted V-like structure higher than the luminous layer is formed on at least a part of an element forming surface of the substrate.