Abstract: An infrared sensor includes a supporting body having supporting body metal wiring that allows infrared rays to pass through. The supporting body is provided so as to cover one portion of an infrared detecting portion in a different plane spatially separated from that of the infrared detecting portion. The supporting body metal wiring disposed in an interior of the supporting body is such that one portion of a cobalt iron film is oxidized by a plasma discharge being carried out in an oxygen atmosphere. According to this kind of structure, infrared rays pass through the supporting body, and are absorbed by the infrared detecting portion, because of which there is no need to provide an infrared absorption layer in an upper layer of the supporting body.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a toner cartridge used in an image forming apparatus including a processor which forms a toner pattern image on a photoconductive member, transfers the toner pattern image on a medium, and changes an image forming condition based on a detection result obtained by optically detecting the toner pattern transferred onto the medium, the toner cartridge including: a toner accommodating container accommodating a toner, and a memory. The memory stores a plurality of reference data which are determined according to toner characteristics in the toner accommodating container and a value indicating an image forming execution amount, and are used for applying reference values for an optical detection result of a toner pattern formed by the toner on the medium.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a toner cartridge used in an image forming apparatus including a processor which forms a toner pattern image on a photoconductive member, transfers the toner pattern image on a medium, and changes an image forming condition based on a detection result obtained by optically detecting the toner pattern image transferred onto the medium, the toner cartridge including: a toner accommodating container accommodating a toner, and a memory. The memory stores reference data which is determined according to toner characteristics in the toner accommodating container, and is used for applying a reference value for an optical detection result of a toner pattern formed by the toner on the medium.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a toner cartridge used in an image forming apparatus including a processor which forms a toner pattern image on a photoconductive member, transfers the toner pattern image on a medium, and changes an image forming condition based on a detection result obtained by optically detecting the toner pattern transferred onto the medium, the toner cartridge including: a toner accommodating container accommodating a toner, and a memory. The memory stores a plurality of reference data which are determined according to toner characteristics in the toner accommodating container and a value indicating an image forming execution amount, and are used for applying reference values for an optical detection result of a toner pattern formed by the toner on the medium.

Abstract: Disclosed are a motor control device that can accurately estimate a rotor position based on a neutral point potential even when a load increases, and a brake control device that is driven by the motor control device. The motor control device 3 includes a three-phase synchronous motor 4 including a three-phase winding, an inverter 31 connected to the three-phase winding, a control unit 6 for controlling the inverter based on a rotor position of the three-phase synchronous motor, and a rotational position estimation unit 2 for estimating a rotor position ?d based on a neutral point potential Vn of the three-phase winding. The rotational position estimation unit estimates a rotor position selectively using one or more of a plurality of detected values of the neutral point potential according to a pre-estimated value of the rotor position and a voltage application state to the three-phase winding.

Abstract: A control device and a control method for a rotary electric motor, and a rotary electric motor drive system capable of reliably suppressing vibration of the rotary electric motor are provided. A rotary electric motor is controlled by PWM at a predetermined carrier frequency, and in a case where a vibration frequency in a space zero-order eigenmode of the rotary electric motor and a frequency of a frequency component of electromagnetic exciting force that generates the eigenmode overlap with each other, a value of the carrier frequency is switched from a first value to a second value different from the first value.

Abstract: A reversibly allochroic toner contains a binder resin and a colorant. The colorant reversibly switches between first and second color states in response to temperature changes. The colorant exhibits a hysteresis in a temperature-color state curve thereof in which the following relationships are satisfied. Tr<TL2<TL1<TH1<TH2<Tg TH2?50° C. 20° C.?Tr?30° C. where, TH1 is a temperature at which the colorant starts to change from the first color state to the second color state, TH2 is a temperature at which the colorant completely changes to the second color state, TL1 is a temperature at which the colorant starts to change from the second color state to the first color state, TL2 is a temperature at which the colorant completely changes to the first color state, and Tg is a glass transition temperature of the binder resin.

Abstract: A decolorizable toner allows for easy distinguishing between a sheet which can be reused and a sheet which is hardly able to be reused from each other. The decolorizable toner includes a color developable compound, a color developing agent, a decolorizing agent, a magnetic material, and a binder resin. The color developable compound is a precursor compound of a dye. The color developing agent is an electron accepting compound which donates a proton to the color developable compound. The decolorizing agent is a compound which inhibits a coloring reaction between the color developable compound and the color developing agent.

Abstract: A decolorizable toner allows for easy distinguishing between a sheet which can be reused and a sheet which is hardly able to be reused from each other. The decolorizable toner includes a color developable compound, a color developing agent, a decolorizing agent, a magnetic material, and a binder resin. The color developable compound is a precursor compound of a dye. The color developing agent is an electron accepting compound which donates a proton to the color developable compound. The decolorizing agent is a compound which inhibits a coloring reaction between the color developable compound and the color developing agent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to effectively reduce vibration or noise caused by a motor. An inverter circuit 300 generates an alternating current from a direct current supplied from a direct current power supply 10 by using a plurality of IGBTs 311 which are switching elements, supplies the generated alternating current to a motor 100, and drives the motor 100. This alternating current includes a fundamental harmonic current corresponding to a rotational speed of the motor 100, and a harmonic current of a switching operation of the IGBTs 311. A controller 200 controls a second phase such that a first phase and the second phase are not superimposed on each other at a predetermined motor rotational speed, the first phase being a phase of an excitation force cyclically produced in the motor 100 by the fundamental harmonic current, and the second phase being a phase of an excitation force cyclically produced in the motor 100 by the harmonic current.

Abstract: A decolorizable toner allows for easy distinguishing between a sheet which can be reused and a sheet which is hardly able to be reused from each other. The decolorizable toner includes a color developable compound, a color developing agent, a decolorizing agent, a magnetic material, and a binder resin. The color developable compound is a precursor compound of a dye. The color developing agent is an electron accepting compound which donates a proton to the color developable compound. The decolorizing agent is a compound which inhibits a coloring reaction between the color developable compound and the color developing agent.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an ink which can be decolored upon heating is provided. Colored images can be formed with the ink by various methods, such as ink jetting or the like, then later the images can be decolored with heat. An ink according to an embodiment contains a color developable compound, a color developing agent that causes the color developable compound to develop a color, a nonaqueous solvent, and a decoloring agent that is insoluble in the nonaqueous solvent and decolors the color developable compound upon heating.

Abstract: A motor driving device controls driving of an inverter device, detects current values in two phases, and compensates a value. The motor driving device detects current values in two phases, namely, a maximum phase current value and a minimum phase current value, within a single cycle of a PWM carrier frequency. The motor driving device compensates a value obtained by subtracting an absolute value of a difference between two absolute values, namely, the detected maximum phase current value and minimum phase current value, from the smaller value of the absolute values, as the offset current component.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a toner cartridge used in an image forming apparatus including a processor which forms a toner pattern image on a photoconductive member, transfers the toner pattern image on a medium, and changes an image forming condition based on a detection result obtained by optically detecting the toner pattern image transferred onto the medium, the toner cartridge including: a toner accommodating container accommodating a toner, and a memory. The memory stores reference data which is determined according to toner characteristics in the toner accommodating container, and is used for applying a reference value for an optical detection result of a toner pattern formed by the toner on the medium.

Abstract: This is to reduce electromagnetic noise while reducing a calculation load of a microcomputer. An inverter drive device according to the present invention switches a first control mode, a second control mode, and a third control mode on the basis of vehicle speed information in a motor control device that controls a power converter that drives a polyphase motor by a PWM pulse signal based on a carrier signal, the first control mode being for updating a command voltage signal to the power converter only on a ridge side or a trough side of the carrier signal, the second control mode being for updating a command voltage signal to the power converter both on a ridge side and a trough side of the carrier signal, and the third control mode being for updating a command voltage signal to the power converter only once of ridge-trough-ridge or trough-ridge-trough of the carrier signal.

Abstract: In the drive device for a three-phase synchronous motor, if one of the two rotational position detectors is defective, it is necessary to identify the rotational position detector having abnormal output and is in the detective state. To do this, three or more rotational position detectors are required, which increases costs of the rotational position detectors. By comparing the outputs of two rotational position detectors, an abnormality of ether one of the two detectors is detected. The abnormal detector is identified with the use of rotational position estimating means. The drive of the three-phase synchronous motor is controlled with the use of the output ? of the properly functioning one of the first and second rotational position detectors.

Abstract: A control device and a control method for a rotary electric motor, and a rotary electric motor drive system capable of reliably suppressing vibration of the rotary electric motor are provided. A rotary electric motor is controlled by PWM at a predetermined carrier frequency, and in a case where a vibration frequency in a space zero-order eigenmode of the rotary electric motor and a frequency of a frequency component of electromagnetic exciting force that generates the eigenmode overlap with each other, a value of the carrier frequency is switched from a first value to a second value different from the first value.

Abstract: A reversibly allochroic toner contains a binder resin and a colorant. The colorant reversibly switches between first and second color states in response to temperature changes. The colorant exhibits a hysteresis in a temperature-color state curve thereof in which the following relationships are satisfied. Tr<TL2<TL1<TH1<TH2<Tg TH2?50° C. 20° C.?Tr?30° C. where, TH1 is a temperature at which the colorant starts to change from the first color state to the second color state, TH2 is a temperature at which the colorant completely changes to the second color state, TL1 is a temperature at which the colorant starts to change from the second color state to the first color state, TL2 is a temperature at which the colorant completely changes to the first color state, and Tg is a glass transition temperature of the binder resin.

Abstract: An infrared sensor includes a supporting body having supporting body metal wiring that allows infrared rays to pass through. The supporting body is provided so as to cover one portion of an infrared detecting portion in a different plane spatially separated from that of the infrared detecting portion. The supporting body metal wiring disposed in an interior of the supporting body is such that one portion of a cobalt iron film is oxidized by a plasma discharge being carried out in an oxygen atmosphere. According to this kind of structure, infrared rays pass through the supporting body, and are absorbed by the infrared detecting portion, because of which there is no need to provide an infrared absorption layer in an upper layer of the supporting body.

Abstract: The invention is directed to modeling of heat and vibration for structures. Therefore, with a traditional model division for each component, one-to-one correspondence between the models and the components is not necessarily realized. There has been a problem in that it is difficult to divide the models. To solve the above problem, a simulation program according to the present invention includes a first model for calculating a first vehicle characteristics parameter, a second model for calculating a second vehicle characteristics parameter to transfer energy without converting the energy, and an interface model for performing conversion calculation of the first vehicle characteristics parameter and the second vehicle characteristics parameter.