Abstract: A projection exposure apparatus includes a diaphragm controlling unit controlling one or more of an diaphragm, an iris diaphragm, and a relay lens system. In addition, the projection exposure apparatus also includes a line width calculator which calculates a bias, which is a difference between a line width in a dense part and a line width in an isolated part, based on information regarding a mask pattern, the wavefront aberration of a lens, the effective light source of an illumination optical system, the half-width of a laser, the temperature change in a projection optical system due to exposure, etc. When the bias is out of a tolerance range, the line width calculator calculates a correction value for the diaphragm of the projection optical system or a correction value for the effective light source of the illumination optical system in accordance with the bias which is to be corrected. Then, the diaphragm controlling unit is driven in accordance with the calculation results.

Abstract: A sense amplifier for amplifying the potential difference between paired bit lines has a first transistor having the drain thereof connected to a bit line BL and the gate thereof connected to a bit line /BL, a second transistor having the drain thereof connected to the bit line /BL and the gate thereof connected to the bit line BL, and a third transistor and a fourth transistor provided in association with the first and second transistors, an identical sense amplifier actuating signal being applied to the gates thereof.

Abstract: A photo-electronic device including a package having a main body portion containing parts including a photoelectric conversion element at inside thereof and a guide portion a front end of which faces the photoelectric conversion element for guiding, in a penetrated state, an optical fiber for transmitting and receiving light to and from the photoelectric conversion element, in which the optical fiber is fixed to the guide portion by adhering agent at the guide portion and portions of the main body portion including the photoelectric conversion element and a front end portion of the optical fiber are covered by a protective film formed by a resin transparent to the light and a dam is provided between the protective film and the adhering agent such that the protective film and the adhering agent are not brought into contact with each other.

Abstract: Serial dots are printed with a drive waveform 1 for ejection of four ink droplets per dot from a nozzle. If one print instruction for a dot immediately follows and immediately precedes no others, a drive waveform 2 for ejection of less than four ink droplets per dot from a nozzle is selected for stable printing even under a condition where, if the drive waveform 1 were used, the ink droplets might be ejected in wrong directions, and/or useless ink droplets might be ejected.

Abstract: A program area for the normal writing of information is provided on a first side of an information recording and reproducing medium, and a label area and a program area on which information can be written are provided on the opposing second side of the medium. A bibliographic description such as the name or trademark or the like of the company who manufactured the disc is recorded in the label area using printing or the like. A recording layer of a cyanine or an azo based organic dye is provided in the program area, and an image pattern is recorded optically onto this recording layer. With such a construction, a user can form a visible pattern known as pit art on the recording layer of the program area by optically writing a desired image pattern, and as a result can readily identify and organize a plurality of information recording and reproducing media.

Abstract: A recording method using an ink jet recorder with an actuator includes detecting an ink temperature and controlling a drive voltage for driving actuator depending on both of detected temperature and selected record resolution. A rate of change in the drive voltage with respect to the temperature is controlled to be smaller for higher record resolution. A constant record density is achieved regardless of selected record resolution and ink temperature.

Abstract: A table of a manual for xx product (1st edition) includes component names, file names, version up mode and version numbers of a project. When the version up mode is a fixed mode, a version number in the table is fixed, while in an auto-changing mode components are edited and when a new version is prepared, a version number is updated. Versions V2 and V1 of a table of contents, versions V2 and V1 of a first chapter and the like show registered states in version information management tables. Table of contents of up to V2 is prepared, while since it is set to a fixed mode in the table, V1 thereof is fixed. In case of first chapter, when V2 thereof is prepared, it is updated to V2 in the table since it is set to auto-changing mode and the version number thereof is updated each time a new version is prepared until it is changed to a fixed mode.

Abstract: A servo control apparatus of an optical pickup is provided for reading recorded information from a recording medium and generates a read signal. The apparatus includes an error signal extracting part for extracting an error signal which indicates a deviation amount of a reading position from a target reading position of the optical pickup; a drive part for driving the optical pickup to change the reading position; an equalizer for equalizing the error signal and supplying a drive signal which indicates a driving amount of the drive part; a detecting part for detecting a dropout portion in the read signal; an identifying part for identifying a form of the dropout portion detected in the detecting part; and a controller. The controller performs control to change a gain of the equalizer in accordance with the identified form of the dropout portion.

Abstract: In order to prevent an image quality from being lowered by shading and or the like, an image pickup apparatus is provided which includes an image pickup area including a plurality of photoelectric conversion areas, a plurality of converging lenses for converging light on a plurality of photoelectric conversion areas, and a light shielding area having a plurality of opening areas through which light is incident upon the plurality of photoelectric conversion areas, wherein positions of the converging lens and opening area are shifted inward than a corresponding photoelectric conversion area.

Abstract: In an active noise control apparatus in which an audio signal and a noise control signal are mixed to thereby sound a loudspeaker inside a motor vehicle, a general-purpose audio head unit cannot conventionally be freely changed for the one already mounted on the motor vehicle. As a solution, an active noise control unit is provided with a buffer amplifier and a mixer. An audio signal amplified by a power amplifier in an audio head unit is adjusted in level by the buffer amplifier such that a level of an audio signal outputted after amplification by the first amplifier becomes substantially equal to a level of the audio signal outputted from the audio head unit. Then, at the mixer, a noise control signal outputted from an active noise controller is added to an audio signal outputted from the buffer amplifier. Therefore, any audio head unit can be freely changed for the one already mounted on the vehicle as long as the audio head unit contains therein a power amplifier.

Abstract: A gear drive mechanism for downsizing office products, which can be easily disassembled, by thinning the gear drive mechanism. The gear drive mechanism drives a plurality of shafts cantilevered from a base plate attached within a label writer, wherein gears are fit on the shafts, and are engaged with each other, with specific shafts used as drive shafts. The gear drive mechanism comprises a groove formed around an end of at least one of the driven shafts other than the specific shafts, a ring-shaped washer having a slit in a direction of a diameter fit in the groove as a gear removal preventive and a recessed portion provided to a side surface of the gear throughout the washer.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus includes a light source having a plurality of integrated light emitting portions for emitting laser beams of different wavelengths, the light source being adapted to selectively emit one of the laser beams of different wavelengths; a photodetector for detecting the laser beam; and an optical system for directing the laser beam emitted from the light source to the disc, and for directing the laser beam reflected by the disc to the photodetector. The light source is positioned such that a straight line connecting respective light emitting points of the plurality of light emitting portions is coincident with a tangential line of a track on a disc to be reproduced.

Abstract: A method and system of holding a substrate where foreign substances on the back surface can be decreased. The substrate holding system comprises a ring-shaped leakage-proof surface having a smooth surface on the specimen table corresponding to the periphery of the substrate, a plurality of contact holding portions within the periphery of the substrate, and electrostatic attraction means for fixing the substrate by contacting the back surface of the substrate to the ring-shaped leakage-proof surface and the contact holding portions. The substrate contacts to the cooling surface at the ring-shaped leakage-proof surface and the contact holding portion placed on a position inside the ring-shaped leakage-proof surface. The back surface of the substrate and the cooling surface do not contact to each other in the large portion of the remaining area.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio feedback control of an internal combustion engine is performed, by a sliding mode control, by computing an air-fuel ratio feedback control amount including a linear term and a nonlinear term, and at the time of when switching a target air-fuel ratio or at the time of when switching the operating condition, such as the cutting of purge, where the air-fuel ratio is changed, the nonlinear term is initialized to a predetermined value corresponding to the post-switched operating condition.

Abstract: A disk cleaner includes a polishing member that is rotated while it is pressed against a surface of a disk to be polished to thereby polish the surface of the disk and an air cooling apparatus that cools the disk by causing outside air to flow along the surface of the disk. The air cooling apparatus is incorporated integrally with the disk cleaner. The cooling apparatus inhibits the peeling of the adhered surfaces as well as the generation of cracks of a DVD of a two-ply structure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for joining two parts together and the unit derived therefrom. The method comprises the steps of mating a first flange portion extending along an entire periphery of a first part with a second flange portion extending along an entire periphery of a second part; overfolding a margin portion extending along an outer edge of the second flange portion to join the first part and the second part; a linear ridge being formed on at least one of the first flange portion, the second flange portion and the margin portion, the linear ridge extending along an entire periphery of the at least one portion and extending toward the first flange portion, the second flange portion or the margin portion which is opposed to the linear ridge in the overfolded state; and compressing the margin portion to plastically deform the linear ridge so as to form a seal between the two parts.

Abstract: A photo-electronic device including a package having a main body portion containing parts including a photoelectric conversion element at inside thereof and a guide portion a front end of which faces the photoelectric conversion element for guiding, in a penetrated state, an optical fiber for transmitting and receiving light to and from the photoelectric conversion element, in which the optical fiber is fixed to the guide portion by adhering agent at the guide portion and portions of the main body portion including the photoelectric conversion element and a front end portion of the optical fiber are covered by a protective film formed by a resin transparent to the light and a dam is provided between the protective film and the adhering agent such that the protective film and the adhering agent are not brought into contact with each other.

Abstract: A divided component separated individually beforehand is supplied in a state while stored in a storage body, taken outside by a take-out and storage unit, and a component is mounted on the divided component by a mounting unit, and thereby a divided component with the component is produced. A plurality of the produced divided components with the components mounted thereon are collected into the storage body. Since the component is mounted on the already divided component, as compared with the prior art, no trouble is given rise to at a junction part between the divided component and the component, thus contributing to an improvement in product quality.

Abstract: An image forming timing control method is applied to a color image formation relating a photosensitive base having a photosensitive surface and a reflecting surface besides the photosensitive surface. In this method, a plurality of exposure light beams are applied onto an orbit along which the reflecting surface moves. Specifically, the plurality of exposure light beams are deflected, i.e., width of the scanning of the plurality of exposure light beams are increased, and the plurality of exposure light beams are provided onto the reflecting surface. The plurality of exposure light beams reflected by the reflecting surface are detected, and timings of scanning of latent images on the photosensitive base are determined based on respective time points when the plurality of exposure light beams are detected.

Abstract: A gate insulator film and a gate electrode are formed on an Si substrate, and a CVD insulator film is deposited thereon to cover the gate electrode. Then, arsenic ions are implanted into the Si substrate from above the CVD insulator film to form LDD layers. After sidewall spacers have been formed over the side faces of the gate electrode with the CVD insulator film interposed therebetween, source/drain layers are formed. Since the LDD layers are formed by implanting dopant ions through the CVD insulator film, the passage of arsenic ions through the ends of the gate electrode can be suppressed. As a result, a semiconductor device suitable for miniaturization can be formed, while suppressing deterioration in insulating properties of the gate oxide film due to the passage of dopant ions through the ends of the gate electrode.