Abstract: A movable sleeve of a second clutch is provided between a cylindrical ring gear and a cylindrical shaft of a differential case of a differential gear unit. In a disconnect mode in which a propeller shaft is disconnected from rear wheels, the cylindrical ring gear is disconnected from the differential case by the movable sleeve of the second clutch. Thus, in the disconnect mode, a fully differential state of the differential gear unit is prevented.

Abstract: A synchromesh mechanism is activated when cancelling a disconnection state, and, when an electronic control unit determines that a rotation speed of an input shaft has been synchronized with a rotation speed of a first ring gear, a second intermeshing clutch is engaged, and then a first intermeshing clutch is engaged. For this reason, in the first intermeshing clutch, a decrease in the rotation speed of the first ring gear is suppressed as a result of engagement of the second intermeshing clutch. This suppresses out of synchronization between the rotation speed of the first ring gear and the rotation speed of the input shaft at the time when the first intermeshing clutch is engaged.

Abstract: A differential device of a four-wheel drive vehicle which is operated in selected one of a two-wheel drive state in which a drive force from a drive power source is transmitted to left and right main drive wheels and a four-wheel drive state in which a drive force from the drive power source is transmitted to the left and right main drive wheels and left and right auxiliary drive wheels, the differential device including a disconnect mechanism with which a power transmission member for transmitting a drive force only to the auxiliary drive wheels in the four-wheel drive state is separated from the auxiliary drive wheels in the two-wheel drive state, the differential device comprising: a cylindrical ring gear supported rotatably around one rotation axis by a case; a differential case including one and the other cylindrical end portions in a rotation axis direction of the ring gear and supported at the one end portion by the ring gear and at the other end portion by the case rotatably and concentrically with th

Abstract: A cylindrical ring gear has first external teeth and a support portion in an axial direction of the cylindrical ring gear. An output shaft extends through the cylindrical ring gear and is supported to rotate concentrically with the cylindrical ring gear. A disconnect mechanism is configured to connect or disconnect an inner periphery of the cylindrical ring gear to an outer periphery of the output shaft based on a moved position of the movable engagement member. An actuator is disposed such that the first external teeth are located between the support portion and the actuator. The actuator is configured to move the movable engagement member between a connection position and a disconnection position. The cylindrical ring gear is coupled to the output shaft so as to be relatively non-rotatable in the connection position. Relative rotation between the cylindrical ring gear and the output shaft is allowed in the disconnection position.

Abstract: A transfer for a four-wheel drive vehicle, the vehicle including a driving source, main/auxiliary drive wheels, and a power transmission member, the transfer includes: a ring gear being supported so as to rotate around a rotation axis, and configured to drive the power transmission member; an input shaft extending through an inside of the ring gear, being supported so as to rotate concentrically with the ring gear, and being configured to receive part of the driving force; a disconnect mechanism; and an actuator configured to change the disconnect mechanism between a connection position and a disconnection position, the connection position being a position at which the ring gear and the input shaft are coupled to each other so as not to relatively rotate, the disconnection position being a position at which relative rotation between the ring gear and the input shaft is allowed.

Abstract: A four-wheel-drive vehicle includes a driving source, main driving wheels, auxiliary driving wheels, a power transmitting member, a first mesh clutch, and a second mesh clutch. Meshing teeth on the driving source side of the first mesh clutch each have, along an entire tooth width thereof, an inclined surface in which a length in a rotational axis direction increases in a direction in which the meshing teeth on the driving source side rotate when the four-wheel-drive vehicle is traveling forward. The meshing teeth on the power transmitting member side of the first mesh clutch each have, along an entire tooth width thereof, an inclined surface in which a length in a rotational axis direction decreases in a direction in which the meshing teeth on the driving source side rotate when the four-wheel-drive vehicle is traveling forward.

Abstract: A differential device of a four-wheel drive vehicle which is operated in selected one of a two-wheel drive state in which a drive force from a drive power source is transmitted to left and right main drive wheels and a four-wheel drive state in which a drive force from the drive power source is transmitted to the left and right main drive wheels and left and right auxiliary drive wheels, the differential device including a disconnect mechanism with which a power transmission member for transmitting a drive force only to the auxiliary drive wheels in the four-wheel drive state is separated from the auxiliary drive wheels in the two-wheel drive state, the differential device comprising: a cylindrical ring gear supported rotatably around one rotation axis by a case; a differential case including one and the other cylindrical end portions in a rotation axis direction of the ring gear and supported at the one end portion by the ring gear and at the other end portion by the case rotatably and concentrically with th

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicular 4-wheel drive system provided with: primary drive wheels to which a drive force is transmitted from a drive power source; auxiliary drive wheels to which the drive force is selectively transmitted; a first clutch configured to selectively place a first power transmitting path in a power transmitting state and a power cutoff state; and a second clutch disposed in a second power transmitting path to selectively place the second power transmitting path in a power transmitting state and a power cutoff state. The first and second clutches are placed in fully released states to establish a 2-wheel drive mode. The control apparatus includes a first-clutch control portion configured to bring the first clutch into a partially engaged state when a predetermined condition in which the vehicular 4-wheel drive system generates or is considered to generate a noise is satisfied in the 2-wheel drive mode.

Abstract: A medical X-ray photographing apparatus includes a support configured to hold the X-ray generator and the X-ray detector in a facing state, a base body (support holder) configured to rotatably hold the support on a side opposite to a position where the X-ray generator and the X-ray detector are provided, and a turning driver configured to drive and turn the support about a turning axis. The medical X-ray photographing apparatus also includes a center-direction setting part configured to set a center direction passing through a center of a swing angle of the support in X-ray photography and a turning controller configured to control the turning driver such that the support turns with a swing angle around the center direction set by the center-direction setting part.

Abstract: A transfer includes a main body, a subassembly and a connecting-disconnecting mechanism. The main body includes a ring gear, a case and a third bearing. The subassembly includes an input shaft, a sleeve, a moving mechanism, a first bearing and a second bearing. The connecting-disconnecting mechanism selectively connects/disconnects the ring gear to/from the input shaft. The input shaft is arranged concentric with the ring gear and inside the ring gear. The input shaft includes a first end portion and a second end portion. The input shaft is supported at the first end portion and the second end portion by the case in a manner rotatable around the rotational axis via the first bearing and the second bearing.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicular 4-wheel drive system provided with: primary drive wheels to which a drive force is transmitted from a drive power source; auxiliary drive wheels to which the drive force is selectively transmitted; a first clutch configured to selectively place a first power transmitting path in a power transmitting state and a power cutoff state; and a second clutch disposed in a second power transmitting path to selectively place the second power transmitting path in a power transmitting state and a power cutoff state. The first and second clutches are placed in fully released states to establish a 2-wheel drive mode. The control apparatus includes a first-clutch control portion configured to bring the first clutch into a partially engaged state when a predetermined condition in which the vehicular 4-wheel drive system generates or is considered to generate a noise is satisfied in the 2-wheel drive mode.

Abstract: By driving a first electromagnetic solenoid and a second electromagnetic solenoid, if first cams of a first thrust force amplification mechanism and a second thrust force amplification mechanism are connected to non-rotary members, since second cams are rotated at rotating speeds that are proportional to a vehicle speed V, the relative rotations between the first cam and the second cam increase. Therefore, the first thrust force amplification mechanism and the second thrust force amplification mechanism can be actuated quickly, to thereby switch connection/disconnection states of the first connection/disconnection mechanism and the second connection/disconnection mechanism quickly.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus comprises an input shaft, an output shaft, a clutch device, and an actuator. The clutch device comprises a clutch hub, a clutch housing, a clutch pack, an input side cam mechanism for pressing the clutch pack toward the output shaft, an output side cam mechanism for pressing the clutch pack toward the input shaft, a return spring for urging the clutch pack to have its elements moved away from each other, and a drive shaft having an input side gear for transmitting the driving force of the actuator to the input side cam mechanism, and an output side gear for transmitting the driving force of the actuator to the output side cam mechanism.

Abstract: A method including a bend angle calculation step of calculating a bend angle ? at each connecting point of a broken line which is obtained by successively connecting a predetermined plurality of machining points P1 to P3 by line segments, an approximation curve derivation step of deriving an approximation curve L5 closer to the connecting point the larger the bend angle ? calculated by the bend angle calculation step, and a tool path generation step of generating a tool path PA7 along the approximation curve L5 derived by the approximation curve derivation step.

Abstract: A reaction member is arranged on one side of a main clutch in a direction of a rotation axis. The reaction member is configured to generate a reaction force by receiving a pressing force in the direction of the rotation axis via the main clutch, the pressing force being applied from the other side of the main clutch in the direction of the rotation axis. A reaction member actuating device is configured to position the reaction member between a reaction force generating position for causing the reaction member to generate the reaction force and a non-reaction force generating position. The non-reaction force generating position is farther from the main clutch than the reaction force generating position and a position that is located a predetermined distance apart from the reaction force generating position in the direction of the rotation axis.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicular drive system includes a pair of drive shafts, a differential gear device for distributing a received drive torque to left and right drive wheels through the respective drive shafts, a control clutch associated with one of the drive shafts and configured to switch between its engaged and released states, and a braking device disposed to apply a braking force to one of the drive wheels which is disposed to the other of the drive shafts. The control apparatus includes: a torque control portion configured to operate the braking device for reducing the torque to be transmitted to the one of the drive wheels, in the event of an abrupt increase of the torque received by the differential gear device while the control clutch is placed in the engaged state.

Abstract: A biasing device is disposed between a back face of each of side gears and a differential case in a pre-loaded condition. A cylindrical portion is provided in the differential case and is configured to permit a drive shaft to be fitted therein. The cylindrical portion has a spiral groove provided in an inner circumferential surface thereof. Each of a cutting start point of the spiral groove and a cutting end point of the spiral groove is spaced by a predetermined degree in a circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion from a point. The point is on a line on which a plane intersects with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion. The point is at an end of the cylindrical portion. The plane includes an axis of the cylindrical portion and a mesh point at which the side gear meshes with the pinion gear.

Abstract: An oven controlled crystal oscillator includes a crystal unit, a temperature control circuit, and a circuit board. The temperature control circuit is configured to control a temperature of the crystal unit. The crystal unit includes a flange that projects outward to an entire outer periphery in one end. The circuit board includes a depressed portion in which the flange is partially inserted. The temperature control circuit includes a power transistor, a thermistor as a temperature sensor, and a metal pattern. The power transistor becomes a heat source. The metal pattern commonly connects a ground terminal of the crystal unit, a collector of the power transistor, and a ground terminal of the thermistor. The crystal unit is positioned in a state where the flange is partially inserted in the depressed portion. The crystal unit is connected to the metal pattern.

Abstract: A movable sleeve of a second clutch is provided between a cylindrical ring gear and a cylindrical shaft of a differential case of a differential gear unit. In a disconnect mode in which a propeller shaft is disconnected from rear wheels, the cylindrical ring gear is disconnected from the differential case by the movable sleeve of the second clutch. Thus, in the disconnect mode, a fully differential state of the differential gear unit is prevented.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus comprises an input shaft, an output shaft, a clutch device, and an actuator. The clutch device comprises a clutch hub, a clutch housing, a clutch pack, an input side cam mechanism for pressing the clutch pack toward the output shaft, an output side cam mechanism for pressing the clutch pack toward the input shaft, a return spring for urging the clutch pack to have its elements moved away from each other, and a drive shaft having an input side gear for transmitting the driving force of the actuator to the input side cam mechanism, and an output side gear for transmitting the driving force of the actuator to the output side cam mechanism.