Abstract: Provide is a polymeric fluorescent substance or polymeric fluorescent substance solution which can attain higher luminous efficiency as a polymer LED, with using a polymeric fluorescent substance having a specific content of water or poor solvent, or a polymeric fluorescent substance solution containing a specific content of water or poor solvent.

Abstract: Provided is a polymeric fluorescent substance showing fluorescence in solid state, which has a specific carrier drift mobility, a specific repeating unit, and specific number-average molecular weight. The polymeric fluorescent substance is excellent in solubility to organic solvents, and has higher efficiency and longer lifetime in applying as a polymer LED.

Abstract: A polymeric fluorescent substance having visible fluorescence in a solid state and a polystyrene-reduced number-average molecular weight of 103 to 107, which contains at least one repeating unit represented by the following formula (1), —Ar1—CR1═CR2—  (1) wherein the sum of the repeating unit is from 10 to 100 mol % of the total number of the repeating units, Ar1 represents an arylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms taking part in conjugated bonds and containing at least one substituent represented by the following formula (2) as a nuclear substituent, or a heterocyclic compound group, having 4 to 20 carbon atoms taking part in conjugated bonds, and containing at least one substituent represented by the following formula (2) as a nuclear substituent; and R1 and R2 independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic compound group having 4 to 20

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic electroluminescence device having at least a light emitting layer between the electrodes consisting of one pair of an anode and a cathode, at least one of which electrodes is transparent or semi-transparent, wherein said light emitting layer comprises a polymeric fluorescent substance which emits a fluorescence in a solid state, is soluble in solvents and comprises at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) and at last one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (2) with the number of the formula (1) repeating units being 2-50% of the total number of all the repeating units:--Ar.sub.1 -- (1)--Ar.sub.2 -- (2)wherein Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are each a bifunctional group forming a carbon--carbon bond with each of two adjacent groups, in the chemical structure of Ar.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed in this specification is a polymeric fluorescent substance which emits a fluorescence in a solid state, contains at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) with the amount of the formula (1) repeating units being at least 50 mole % based on the total repeating units, and has a polystyrene-reduced number-average molecular weight of 10.sup.3 -10.sup.7, characterized in that it has a monofunctional group represented by the following formula (2) at at least one terminal of the molecule:--Ar.sub.1 --CR.sub.1 .dbd.CR.sub.2 -- (1)?wherein Ar.sub.1 is an arylene group or a heterocyclic compound group having 4-20 carbon atoms taking part in conjugated bonds; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each are independently a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group of 6-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic compound group of 4-20 carbon atoms and a cyano group!;--CR.sub.3 .dbd.CR.sub.4 --Ar.sub.2 ( 2)?wherein Ar.sub.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device having at least a light emitting layer between the electrodes consisting of one pair of an anode and a cathode, at least one of which electrodes is transparent or semi-transparent, wherein said light emitting layer comprises a polymeric fluorescent substance which emits a fluorescence in a solid state, is soluble in solvents and comprises at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) and at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (2) with the number of the formula (1) repeating units being 2-50% of the total number of all the repeating units:--Ar.sub.1 -- (1)--Ar.sub.2 -- (2)wherein Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are each a bifunctional group forming a carbon--carbon bond with each of two adjacent groups, in the chemical structure of Ar.sub.1, the number of the consecutive atoms present in the shortest path between the two carbon atoms bonding to said two adjacent groups is 1, 3 or 5, and in the chemical structure of Ar.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optically anisotropic film characterized in that the retardation at 80.degree. C. is 20-97% of that at 30.degree. C., and the film is made from a mixture of a transparent or semitransparent polymer and at least one liquid crystal compound, wherein the ratio of the liquid crystal compound in the mixture is 0.5-50% by weight based on the combined weight of the liquid crystal compound and the polymer, or an optically anisotropic film characterized in that the retardation at 60.degree. C. is 50-99% of that at 30.degree. C., and the film comprises a mixture of a transparent or semitransparent polymer and at least one liquid crystal compound, wherein the ratio of the liquid crystal compound in the mixture is 0.5-50% by weight based on the combined weight of the liquid crystal compound and the polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic electroluminescence device having a light emitting layer or a light emitting layer and a charge transport layer disposed between a pair of electrodes at least one of which is transparent or semi-transparent, the light emitting layer comprising a conjugated polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (1):--Ar.sub.1 --CH.dbd.CH-- (1)where Ar.sub.1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms or a nuclear-substituted group in which the aromatic hydrocarbon group is substituted by one or two selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and alkoxy groups having 1 to 22 carbon atoms. According to the present invention, the use of a polymer intermediate of the conjugated polymer or the conjugated polymer soluble to a solvent as a light emitting material, a charge transport material or a buffer layer to an electrode enables an EL device having a large area to be easily made.

Abstract: By using an optically anisotropic film having the optical axis substantially parallel to the normal line of the film and comprising a polymer of a liquid crystal oligomerhaving positive anisotropy of refractive index and showing nematic or smectic phase, or by lamining the optically anisotropic film and a transparent or semitransparent polymer film, or by combining the optically anisotropic film with a uniaxially oriented retardation film, it is possible to obtain a composite retardation plate with a large viewing angle, and this retardation plate can be applied to a liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: By using an optically anisotropic film having the optical axis substantially parallel to the normal line of the film and comprising a polymer of a liquid crystal oligomerhaving positive anisotropy of refractive index and showing nematic or smectic phase, or by lamining the optically anisotropic film and a transparent or semitransparent polymer film, or by combining the optically anisotropic film with a uniaxially oriented retardation film, it is possible to obtain a composite retardation plate with a large viewing angle, and this retardation plate can be applied to a liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A retardation film comprising a polymerized liquid crystal oligomer having positive intrinsic birefringence, also having a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. C. or below and showing nematic or smectic phase, characterized in that the optical axis of the film lies in the film plane, that the value of retardation (product of anisotropy of refractive index .DELTA.n of said film and film thickness d) at 30.degree. C. is 100 nm or above, and that the ratio of the value of retardation at 80.degree. C. to that at 30.degree. C. is 0.95-0.5, allows proper adjustment of the rate of change with temperature in accordance with the rate of change with temperature of the liquid crystal cell used in combination with the film, and can provide liquid crystal display devices showing excellent display performance at high temperatures.

Abstract: A polymeric fluorescent substance which is soluble, has a number-average molecular weight of 10.sup.3 -10.sup.7 and contains three different repeating units --Ar--CH.dbd.CH--, wherein Ar is a arylene group having 6-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic compound group having 4-20 carbon atoms or a divalent group --Ar.sub.1 --X.sub.1 --R--X.sub.2,--Ar.sub.2. At least one of the repeating units has at least one substituent selected from alkyl, alkoxy and alkylthio groups having 2-22 carbon atoms, aryl and aryloxy groups having 6-60 carbon atoms and heterocyclic compound groups having 4-60 carbon atoms. Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are each an arylene group having 6-20 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic compound group having 4-20 carbon atoms and may contain at least one substituent selected from alkyl, alkoxyl and alkylthio groups having 2-22 carbon atoms, aryl and aryloxy groups having 6-60 carbon atoms and heterocyclic compound groups having 4-60 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A polymeric fluorescent substance which is soluble in solvents, has a number average molecular weight of 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.7 and contains, as main constituents, three different repeating units A, B and C selected from various repeating units in specified ratios according to their optical absorption edge wavelengths.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic electroluminescence device having a light emitting layer or a light emitting layer and a charge transport layer disposed between a pair of electrodes at least one of which is transparent or semi-transparent, the light emitting layer comprising a conjugated polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (1):--Ar.sub.1 --CH.dbd.CH-- (1)where Ar.sub.1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms or a nuclear-substituted group in which the aromatic hydrocarbon group is substituted by one or two selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and alkoxy groups having 1 to 22 carbon atoms. According to the present invention, the use of a polymer intermediate of the conjugated polymer or the conjugated polymer soluble to a solvent as a light emitting material, a charge transport material or a buffer layer to an electrode enables an EL device having a large area to be easily made.

Abstract: The present invention provides a poly(long-chain nuclear substituted-p-phenylene vinylene) represented by the following formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrocarbon group of 7-20 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group of 7-20 carbon atoms, n represents an integer of 5 or more and m represents an integer of 1 or 2) and a highly conductive composition comprising said polymer and a dopant as essential components.

Abstract: A poly(hetero-arylene vinylene) containing, as its major constituent unit, a repeating unit represented by the general formula ##STR1## (wherein X is a sulfur or oxygen atom), which is obtained by subjecting a sulfonium salt represented by the general formula ##STR2## (wherein X has the same definition as given above, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.- is a counter ion) to condensation polymerization using an alkali to obtain a precursor polymer, and subjecting the precursor polymer to stretching and orientation and then to a treatment for sulfonium salt elimination or subjecting the precursor polymer in one step to stretching and orientation and to a treatment for sulfonium salt elimination, as well as a highly conductive composition thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing a stretched molded article of a conjugated polymer, hich comprises subjecting a polymer precursor having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 is a group which forms a C--C conjugated system together with a vinylene group which is formed upon the dehydrogenation of the >CH--Ch.sub.2 -- group; and R.sub.2 is a group which is to be eliminated from the alpha-position carbon of the >CH--CH.sub.2 -- group simultaneously with the elimination of one of the hydrogen atoms bonding to the beta-position carbon of the >CH--Ch.sub.2 -- group) to stretching in the swelling state and then subjecting the stretched precursor polymer to elimination of the R.sub.2 group, and a conductive composition of the stretched molded article of the conjugated polymer, comprising the comjugated polymer and a dopant as essential components.

Abstract: A high strength and modulus conjugated polymer film which comprises as its principal constitutive unit a conjugated polymer structure represented by the general formula:--R--CH.dbd.CH.sub.nwherein R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which forms a consecutive carbon to carbon conjugated system with vinylene group, and n is an integer of 5 to 50,000, and has a tensile strength of 15 kg/mm.sup.2 or more and an elastic modulus of 350 kg/mm.sup.2 or more, and a highly electroconductive pyrolyzed product thereof.

Abstract: A high strength and modulus conjugated polymer film which comprises as its rincipal constitutive unit a conjugated polymer structure represented by the general formula:--R--CH.dbd.CH).sub.nwherein R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which forms a consecutive carbon to carbon conjugated system with vinylene group, and n is an integer of 5 to 50,000, and has a tensile strength of 15 kg/mm.sup.2 or more and an elastic modulus of 350 kg/mm.sup.2 or more, and a highly electroconductive pyrolyzed product thereof.

Abstract: A highly electroconductive carbonaceous material is obtained by pyrolysis in an inert atmospherea conjugated polymer represented by the general formula--R--CH.dbd.CH).sub.nwherein R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group which forms a consecutive carbon to carbon conjugated system with the vinylene group, and n is an integer of at least 2, at a temperature above 400.degree. C., or an aromatic polyimide at a temperature of 2000.degree. C. or above. Further, a highly electroconductive composition is obtained by treating the carbonaceous material mentioned above with a dopant.