Abstract: A highly electroconductive conjugated polymer composition which comprises a polymer having as the principal constitutive unit thereof a conjugated polymer structure --R.sub.1 --CH.dbd.CH).sub.m, wherein m is an integer satisfying the equation 2.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.n, obtained by subjecting to elimination of sulfonium salt from the polyelectrolyte of sulfonium salt having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group which forms a consecutive carbon to carbon conjugated system together with the adjacent vinylene group formed by the dehydrogenation of the group >CH--CH.sub.2 --; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; X represents a counter ion; and n represents an integer larger than 2, and a dopant.

Abstract: A process for the production of a phenolic resin modified with a liquid polybutadiene being useful as an impregnating varnish in the production of a copper-clad laminate for a printed circuit, which comprises preparing an adduct of a liquid polybutadiene having a number average molecular weight of 150 to 5,000 with an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or its anhydride, subjecting the adduct to an addition reaction with one or plurality of phenols in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a composition and reacting the composition with formaldehyde in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a phenol resin modified with a liquid polybutadiene which comprises reacting a polybutadiene having a number average molecular weight of 150 to 5,000 with a phenol in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a composition which consists of a polybutadiene-phenol adduct and unreacted phenol, in said polybutadiene-phenol adduct, one molecule of phenol per 3 to 8 butadiene units being added to the polybutadiene, and reacting the composition of a polybutadiene-phenol adduct with a formaldehyde in the presence of a basic catalyst, said basic catalyst comprising a primary amine of the formula: R--NH.sub.2 wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 mole per 1 mole of the phenol used for the preparation of the composition which is used alone or in combination thereof with other basic compound.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a resin composition which comprises reacting a polybutadiene having a number average molecular weight of 150 to 10,000 and 1,4-structure of at least 80% by weight with a phenol in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a composition which consists of a polybutadiene-phenol adduct and unreacted phenol, in said polybutadiene-phenol adduct, one molecule of phenol per 3 to 8 butadiene units being added to the polybutadiene, and reacting the polybutadiene-phenol adduct composition with a formaldehyde in the presence of a basic catalyst. Said resin composition thus prepared is useful for the preparation of a laminated sheet having excellent curing characteristics, particularly excellent electrical characteristics, punchability and flexibility.

Abstract: A process for dimerizing lower .alpha.-olefins using a catalyst comprising (A) at least one nickel compound selected from the group consisting of organic acid salts of nickel, inorganic acid salts of nickel and complexes of nickel, (B) a trialkyl aluminum, (C) at least one phosphorus-containing compound selected from the group consisting of tri-valent phosphorus compounds represented by the formulae: (I) PR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3, (II) (R.sub.2.sup.1 N).sub.n PR.sub.3-n.sup.2 and (III) (R.sup.1 O).sub.n PR.sub.3-n.sup.2 (in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 1 to 3), and (D) a halogenated phenol of the formula (IV), ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, X.sub.4 and X.sub.5 are each a halogen or hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group and at least one of them is a halogen atom.

Abstract: A method for isolating a low molecular weight polymer from a solution of a low molecular weight polymer having a viscosity of 5 to 100,000 cps at 30.degree. C. and an inactivated catalyst in a hydrophobic organic solvent, which comprises mixing an acidic, alkaline or neutral water or a mixture of the water and a water-soluble organic solvent with the solution containing the low molecular weight polymer in the presence of an amphoteric, cationic or nonionic surfactant or a nonionic or cationic high molecular weight flocculating agent, whereby the separation of the organic layer and the aqueous layer is significantly improved.

Abstract: Process for producing liquid polymer which comprises polymerizing a conjugated diene or copolymerizing a conjugated diene with an aromatic vinyl compound in the presence of 0.01 to 100 mol of ethylene and/or propylene to 1 mol of the conjugated diene in the presence of a catalyst system comprising:1. at least one nickel compound and2.a. an alkylaluminum halide orb. a combination of (b.sub.1) at least one organometallic compound and (b.sub.2) at least one halogen compound, and optionally as the third component3. (a') a phosphorus compound, (b') a nitrogen compound, (c') ethers, or (d') a sulfur compound.

Abstract: Process for producing liquid polymer which comprises polymerizing a conjugated diene or copolymerizing a conjugated diene with an aromatic vinyl compound in the presence of 0.01 to 100 mol of ethylene and/or propylene to 1 mol of the conjugated diene in the presence of a catalyst system comprising1. at least one nickel compound and2. (a) an alkylaluminum halide or(b) a combination of (b.sub.1) at least one organo-metallic compound and (b.sub.2) at least one halogen compound, and optionally as the third component3. (a') a phosphorus compound, (b') a nitrogen compound, (c') ethers, or (d') a sulfur compound.