Abstract: A quantum device (100) includes: an interposer (112); a quantum chip (111); and a connection part (130) that is provided between the interposer (112) and the quantum chip (111) and electrically connects a wiring layer of the interposer (112) to a wiring layer of the quantum chip (111), in which the connection part (130) includes: a plurality of pillars (131) arranged on a main surface of the interposer (112); and a metal film (132) provided on a surface of the plurality of pillars (131) in such a way that it contacts the wiring layer of the quantum chip (111) and the thickness of the metal film at outer peripheral parts of the tip of each of the plurality of pillars (131) becomes larger than the thickness of the metal film at a center part of the tip of each of the plurality of pillars (131).

Abstract: When pressurized fluid is not supplied into or discharged from the first channel 28a of the piston rod 28, that is, when the first channel 28a is isolated from the outside, the cylinder tube 22 is in a stopped state. At this time, fluid inside the first cylinder chamber 36a is compressed, and the pressure is increased accordingly to match the sum of the weights of the cylinder tube 22, the table 18, and the workpiece W.

Abstract: In order to provide an organic radical battery having excellent high power, discharge characteristics at a high current, and cycle characteristics, an electrode having a repeating unit having a nitroxide radical site represented by formula (1-a) and a repeating unit having a carboxyl group represented by formula (1-b) in a range in which x satisfies 0.1 to 10 and using a copolymer having a cross-linked structure as an electrode active material is used for the organic radical battery. (wherein in Formulas (1-a) and (1-b), R1 and R2 each independently represent hydrogen or a methyl group; and x represents a mol % of Formula (1-b) in the total 100 mol % of Formulas (1-a) and (1-b).

Abstract: When pressurized fluid is not supplied into or discharged from the first channel 28a of the piston rod 28, that is, when the first channel 28a is isolated from the outside, the cylinder tube 22 is in a stopped state. At this time, fluid inside the first cylinder chamber 36a is compressed, and the pressure is increased accordingly to match the sum of the weights of the cylinder tube 22, the table 18, and the workpiece W.

Abstract: In order to provide an organic radical battery excellent in the high output performance and the discharge characteristic at large currents, an electrode using, as an electrode active material, a copolymer having a repeating unit having a nitroxide radical site represented by the formula (1-a) and a repeating unit having carboxy-lithium represented by the formula (1-b) in the range of x satisfying 0.1 to 10 is used for the organic radical battery.

Abstract: A secondary battery exhibiting high charge and discharge rate characteristics can be provided, by making the secondary battery have a cathode including a nitroxyl compound taking a nitroxyl cation substructure represented by the following formula (1) in an oxidized state and a nitroxyl radical substructure represented by the following formula (2) in a reduced state, an anode including an active material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating a lithium ion, and an electrolyte solution including a lithium salt and an aprotic organic solvent, and employing Li[(FSO2)2N] as the lithium salt:

Abstract: A substrate treatment method using a block copolymer containing a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer includes a polymer separating step, wherein a ratio of a molecular weight of the hydrophilic polymer in the block copolymer is adjusted to 20% to 40% so that the hydrophilic polymers align at positions corresponding to a hexagonal close-packed structure in a plan view after the polymer separating step, and at the polymer separating step, a columnar first hydrophilic polymer is phase-separated on each of circular patterns of hydrophobic coating films and a columnar second hydrophilic polymer is phase-separated between the first hydrophilic polymers, and a diameter of the circular pattern is set so that the first hydrophilic polymers and the second hydrophilic polymers align at positions corresponding to the hexagonal close-packed structure in a plan view.

Abstract: A secondary battery exhibiting high charge and discharge rate characteristics can be provided, by making the secondary battery have a cathode including a nitroxyl compound taking a nitroxyl cation substructure represented by the following formula (1) in an oxidized state and a nitroxyl radical substructure represented by the following formula (2) in a reduced state, an anode including an active material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating a lithium ion, and an electrolyte solution including a lithium salt and an aprotic organic solvent, and employing Li[(FSO2)2N] as the lithium salt:

Abstract: A substrate treatment method using a block copolymer containing a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer includes a polymer separating step, wherein a ratio of a molecular weight of the hydrophilic polymer in the block copolymer is adjusted to 20% to 40% so that the hydrophilic polymers align at positions corresponding to a hexagonal close-packed structure in a plan view after the polymer separating step, and at the polymer separating step, a columnar first hydrophilic polymer is phase-separated on each of circular patterns of hydrophobic coating films and a columnar second hydrophilic polymer is phase-separated between the first hydrophilic polymers, and a diameter of the circular pattern is set so that the first hydrophilic polymers and the second hydrophilic polymers align at positions corresponding to the hexagonal close-packed structure in a plan view.

Abstract: A substrate treatment method includes: a polymer separation step of phase-separating a block copolymer into a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer; and a polymer removal step of selectively removing the hydrophilic polymer from the phase-separated block copolymer, wherein in the polymer removal step, the hydrophilic polymer is removed by: irradiating the phase-separated block copolymer with an energy ray; then supplying a first polar organic solvent having a first degree of dissolving the hydrophilic polymer, being lower in boiling point than water and capable of dissolving water, and not dissolving the hydrophobic polymer, to the block copolymer; and then supplying a second polar organic solvent having a second dissolving degree lower than the first dissolving degree, being higher in boiling point than water, and not dissolving the hydrophobic polymer, to the block copolymer.

Abstract: A substrate treatment method includes: forming a plurality of circular patterns of a resist film on a substrate; thereafter applying a first block copolymer; then phase-separating the first block copolymer into a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer; thereafter selectively removing the hydrophilic polymer; then selectively removing the resist film from a top of the substrate; thereafter applying a second block copolymer to the substrate; then phase-separating the second block copolymer into a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer; and thereafter selectively removing the hydrophilic polymer from the phase-separated second block copolymer. A ratio of a molecular weight of the hydrophilic polymer in the first block copolymer and the second block copolymer is 20% to 40%.

Abstract: A substrate treatment method includes: forming a plurality of circular patterns of a resist film on a substrate; thereafter applying a first block copolymer; then phase-separating the first block copolymer into a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer; thereafter selectively removing the hydrophilic polymer; then selectively removing the resist film from a top of the substrate; thereafter applying a second block copolymer to the substrate; then phase-separating the second block copolymer into a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer; and thereafter selectively removing the hydrophilic polymer from the phase-separated second block copolymer. A ratio of a molecular weight of the hydrophilic polymer in the first block copolymer and the second block copolymer is 20% to 40%.

Abstract: A substrate treatment method includes: a polymer separation step of phase-separating a block copolymer into a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer; and a polymer removal step of selectively removing the hydrophilic polymer from the phase-separated block copolymer, wherein in the polymer removal step, the hydrophilic polymer is removed by: irradiating the phase-separated block copolymer with an energy ray; then supplying a first polar organic solvent having a first degree of dissolving the hydrophilic polymer, being lower in boiling point than water and capable of dissolving water, and not dissolving the hydrophobic polymer, to the block copolymer; and then supplying a second polar organic solvent having a second dissolving degree lower than the first dissolving degree, being higher in boiling point than water, and not dissolving the hydrophobic polymer, to the block copolymer.

Abstract: A non-aqueous secondary battery includes: a positive-electrode collector layer; a positive-electrode layer formed on one surface of the positive-electrode collector layer; a negative-electrode collector layer; a negative-electrode layer formed on one surface of the negative-electrode collector layer so as to be opposed to the positive-electrode layer; a separator provided between the positive-electrode layer and the negative-electrode layer; and a positive-electrode-side insulating layer and a negative-electrode-side insulating layer respectively formed on another surface of the positive-electrode collector layer and another surface of the negative-electrode collector layer. Circumferential inner surfaces of peripheral edges of the positive-electrode collector layer and the negative-electrode collector layer are joined with a sealing agent including at least a positive-electrode fusion layer, a gas barrier layer, and a negative-electrode fusion layer.

Abstract: A layered structure includes a configuration in which non-aqueous secondary batteries are layered. Each non-aqueous secondary battery includes: a positive-electrode collector layer; a positive-electrode layer formed on one surface of the positive-electrode collector layer; a negative-electrode collector layer; a negative-electrode layer formed on one surface of the negative-electrode collector layer so as to be opposed to the positive-electrode layer; a separator containing an electrolytic solution provided between the positive-electrode layer and the negative-electrode layer; a positive-electrode-side insulating layer formed on another surface of the positive-electrode collector layer; and a negative-electrode-side insulating layer formed on another surface of the negative-electrode collector layer. Two non-aqueous secondary batteries share one negative-electrode-side insulating layer.

Abstract: A non-aqueous secondary battery includes: a positive-electrode collector layer; a positive-electrode layer formed on one surface of the positive-electrode collector layer; a negative-electrode collector layer; a negative-electrode layer formed on one surface of the negative-electrode collector layer so as to be opposed to the positive-electrode layer; a separator provided between the positive-electrode layer and the negative-electrode layer; and a positive-electrode-side insulating layer and a negative-electrode-side insulating layer respectively formed on another surface of the positive-electrode collector layer and another surface of the negative-electrode collector layer. Circumferential inner surfaces of peripheral edges of the positive-electrode collector layer and the negative-electrode collector layer are joined with a sealing agent including at least a positive-electrode fusion layer, a gas barrier layer, and a negative-electrode fusion layer.

Abstract: In a template treatment of forming a film of a release agent on a treatment surface of a template, the treatment surface of the template is first cleaned. Thereafter, in a coating unit, the release agent is applied to the treatment surface of the template. The release agent on the template is then dried. Then, alcohol is applied to the release agent on the template to make the release agent adhere to the treatment surface of the template and to remove an unreacted portion of the release agent. Thereafter, the alcohol on the template is dried and removed. In this manner, a film of the release agent is formed in a predetermined film thickness on the treatment surface of the template.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes a power generation part as an electrolyte membrane-electrode assembly formed of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, a fuel electrode arranged in contact with one side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and an oxygen electrode arranged in contact with the other side of the membrane, and a fuel supply part for storing and supplying an alcohol fuel to the fuel electrode. The fuel supply part is composed of a high-concentration fuel tank for storing and supplying a highly-concentrated fuel and a water fuel tank for storing and supplying a water fuel. The fuel is gasified and supplied to the power generation part through a fuel gasification/supply layer provided between at least the high-concentration fuel tank and the fuel electrode.

Abstract: A thin nonaqueous secondary cell has high stability where a positive charge collector and a negative charge collector also serve as outer covering members. A sealing layer concurrently achieves high adhesiveness with both electrode charge collectors, high reliability preventing of short circuits, and satisfactory gas barrier properties. The nonaqueous secondary cell includes a positive charge collector containing aluminum as a primary component, a positive electrode layer formed on the positive charge collector, a negative charge collector containing copper as a primary component, a negative electrode layer formed on the negative charge collector so the negative electrode layer opposes the positive electrode layer, and a separator including an electrolyte between positive and negative electrode layers.

Abstract: A fluid pressure cylinder including a first damper and a second damper provided respectively on a head cover and a rod cover, which are disposed on both ends of the fluid pressure cylinder so as to face toward a piston. The first damper and the second damper are formed from an elastic material, and are made up from a main body portion against which the piston abuts, and a plurality of legs that project from the main body portion and which are gripped between the head cover and the rod cover and an inner wall surface of the cylinder tube.