Abstract: An impregnating carbonizing process and apparatus which permit reduction in cost of consumable goods and can operate at a reduced cost and a heating and vacuum impregnating operation which requires a very long period of time can be performed on the outside of an expensive high pressure vessel to accomplish rapid carbonization and baking.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for modifying a ceramic and/or metallic porous material having open cells necessary for the material to serve the function of gas diffusing materials, filters or the like. The porous material is subjected to hot isostatic pressing at a temperature at which the base portion of the porous material softens or melts to compact or homogenize the base portion.

Abstract: Described herein is a method of encapsulating a material to be processed by warm or hot isostatic pressing, and an apparatus suitable for practicing the method, which basically includes the steps of (a) enveloping a processing material in the form of loose or compacted powder with a metal foil of 30 .mu.m in thickness, and (b) welding overlying and underlying metal foil portions to encapsulate said material in said metal foil in sealed state.

Abstract: A temperature detector for use in a high temperature and high pressure furnace, including thermocouple wires received in a tubular protective sheath for protection against the furnace atmosphere, and characterized by the provision of a pair of rod members of a large diameter serving as a thermocouple pair for the positive and negative sides thereof, a protective sheath having a rod suspending holder portion in an upper portion thereof for supporting the thermocouple rod members therein in a vertically suspended state and arranged to hold the rod members out of contact with each other except at a temperature measuring point and to contact the rod members with the protective sheath only in a region other than a high temperature region of the furnace.

Abstract: An impregnating carbonizing process and apparatus which permit reduction in cost of consumable goods and can operate at a reduced cost and a heating and vacuum impregnating operation which requires a very long period of time can be performed on the outside of an expensive high pressure vessel to accomplish rapid carbonization and baking.

Abstract: An interlocking device for a HIP equipment that prevents possible damage to the HIP equipment arising from use of a furnace or processing gas in error and can control the oxygen concentration and pressure within the HIP equipment. The device includes a sensor for detecting a concentration of oxygen in the processing gas in a processing gas pipe system. If the sensor detects an excessively high oxygen concentration, a supply side interlocking mechanism closes a valve for the pipe system and disconnects a power source for a furnace in a high pressure vessel. A flow switch is connected to a safety pipe system having a safety device, and a thermocouple is provided for each of the safety and processing gas pipe systems and a relief pipe system.

Abstract: A method of measuring the temperature in a high pressure furnace of a hot isostatic pressing apparatus, wherein a closed-end pipe having its inside communicated with the inside of the high pressure furnace and enabling a pressure medium to pass therethrough is disposed in the furnace, an incident top end of an optical fiber, a bundle of optical fibers or like other equivalent optical rod-like memeber is disposed to the open end of the closed-end pipe so as to be capable of receiving thermally radiated light from the inside of the closed-ended pipe and an exit rear end thereof is led out through a cover and to the outside of said high pressure vessel and a measuring system is connected to said exit rear end to detect heat radiation power from the top end of the closed-end pipe to thereby measure the temperature inside of the furnace.

Abstract: A heat insulator for a hot isostatic pressing apparatus including a plurality of non-perforated graphite sheets; a plurality of perforated graphite sheets, each one of the plurality of perforated graphite sheets being sandwiched between and making at least substantially planar contact with, but not being bonded to, adjoining ones of the plurality of non-perforated graphite sheets; and a gas having an extremely low thermal conductivity substantially confined in the perforations in the plurality of perforated graphite sheets.

Abstract: A hot isostatic pressing system including a hot isostatic pressing station having a high pressure container constituted by a vertical pressure-resistant cylinder closed at the top end thereof and a lower lid detachably fitted to the bottom of the pressure resistant cylinder and a treating chamber internally provided with a heater and enclosed by a heat insulating wall, and a mechanism for adjusting an atmospheric gas pressure and temperature of the pressing station into a condition suitable for the hot isostatic pressing of a work item accommodated in the treating chamber; a plurality of auxiliary stations each provided with an opening for receiving from beneath thereof the heat insulating wall of the treating chamber accommodating the internal heater and a work item, a support structure for supporting the heat insulating wall, and a mechanism for cooling the work item and internal heater in an inert gas atmosphere; a carriage for transferring the lower lid and work item or the lower lid, work item, heat insu

Abstract: A method of producing compound-type superconducting wires which are dense and free of voids. The method comprises the step of holding a compound-type superconducting wire having voids in an atmosphere of sufficiently high temperature high pressure gas to collapse the voids and weld the collapsed areas, thereby forming a dense, void-free superconducting wire.

Abstract: A heater for use in the HIP apparatus for treating a work item or work items in a high temperature and pressure gas atmosphere by isostatic application of pressure in a heated condition, the heater including at least one heater assembly unit including a meandering heating element arranged into a cylindrical grid-like form having axial slits open alternately at the upper and lower ends thereof; a plurality of radial projections of a predetermined width extending radially outward from the upper ends of the meandering heating element at a number of predetermined positions including terminal ends thereof; a number of mounted holes formed through the radial extensions of the heating element; a number of support columns fixedly erected respectively on retaining members and having a male screw portion at the upper ends thereof respectively protruded upwardly through the mounting holes in the radial extensions of the heating element; and a number of nuts respectively threaded and tightened on the protruded ends of th

Abstract: A method of hot isostatic pressing in which a shaped work immersed in molten glass is subjected to a hot isostatic pressing treatment, the method basically including embedding a shaped item to be worked on in glass powder filled in a crucible; loading the crucible into a movable heating furnace having a heater and a heat insulating structure; charging the furnace into an atmospheric chamber; adjusting the atmosphere in the chamber into a predetermined condition and heating the crucible by the heater to soften and melt the glass in the crucible; transferring the furnace from the atmospheric chamber into a high pressure container while maintaining a high temperature in the furnace; admitting a pressing gas medium into the high pressure container while raising the temperature of the furnace to let the work in the crucible undergo a hot isostatic pressing treatment; and upon completion of the hot isostatic pressing treatment, taking out the furnace from the high pressure container with the work still in loaded st

Abstract: A heater which includes: at least two electrically conductive heating element units having generally a self-standing cylindrical shape and stacked one on another to define a series of at least two cylindrical heating zones, the heating element units each including of a grid-like structure alternately having a vertically disposed portion and a horizontally extending bridge portion; insulator blocks fitted on the ends of stacked upper and lower cylindrical heating element units which meet and which are made of a material having a sufficient electric resistance that will not conduct electric current at a maximum operating temperature of the heating element units; and an annular shaped connector conforming with the ends of the upper and lower heating element units which meet and which is interposed between the insulating blocks on the ends which meet to provide a mechanical connection between the stacked upper and lower heating element units.

Abstract: A high density sintering method for powder molded products by applying preliminary sintering to powder molded products previously molded into a predetermined shape and then applying hot isostatic press process to the sintered products thereby producing high density sintered product which includes the steps of loading the powder molded products into a movable heating furnace equipped with at least one heating means and having a heat insulating structure, introducing the heating furnace into an atmosphere chamber, applying preliminary sintering to the powder molded products in the heating furnace by the heating means while conditioning the inside of the atmosphere chamber to a vacuum or predetermined gas atmosphere, subsequently removing the heating furnace while maintaining the inside thereof at a high temperature from the atmosphere chamber and directly introducing the furnace into a high pressure vessel, thereafter, applying the hot isostatic press process to the sintered products in the furnace while chargi

Abstract: The specification describes a method for producing compound-type superconducting wire of excellent mechanical and electrical properties. A green compact is first formed with copper powder and one of two metals which form a superconducting compound through a reaction therebetween. The latter metal is in a very fine hydrogenated form. The green compact is then heated in vacuo so as to dehydrogenate the hydride of the latter metal and sinter the green compact into a sintered mass. Before or after drawing the sintered mass into a wire, it is composited with the other metal of the two metals, thereby forming a composite wire. It is then subjected to a further heat treatment to cause the reaction to occur between the two metals. To improve its properties, it may be held in a high temperature, high pressure gaseous atmosphere to cause plastic deformation to occur. Since the dehydrogenation and annealing are performed in a single step, the overall process has been simplified.

Abstract: A method of measuring the temperature in a high pressure furnace of a hot isostatic pressing apparatus, wherein a closed-end pipe having its inside communicated with the inside of the high pressure furnace and enabling a pressure medium to pass therethrough is disposed in the furnace, an incident top end of an optical fiber, a bundle of optical fibers or like other equivalent optical rod-like memeber is disposed to the open end of the closed-end pipe so as to be capable of receiving thermally radiated light from the inside of the closed-ended pipe and an exit rear end thereof is led out through a cover and to the outside of said high pressure vessel and a measuring system is connected to said exit rear end to detect heat radiation power from the top end of the closed-end pipe to thereby measure the temperature inside of the furnace.