Abstract: An internal combustion engine including: a cylinder block in which a plurality of cylinders are formed; and a cylinder head formed in conjunction with the cylinder block into one body to form a plurality of combustion chambers, wherein an upper surface of the cylinder head is divided, along a direction in which the plurality of cylinders are arranged, into first regions that are regions that overlap the combustion chambers as viewed from an axial direction of the cylinders and a second region that is a region located between two of the first regions adjacent to each other, and at least either an intake-side cam journal or an exhaust-side cam journal is disposed in the second region.

Abstract: A frame structure using a tube subjected to bending processing by a pushing bending apparatus is provided to solve the problem of a simple body constituting the small-sized interior space. The frame structure forms a plane of frames by bundling a plurality of tubes or bars, each of which is bent to form a waveform of a constant amplitude around a linear axis in a same plane, to contact maximum amplitude portions of the tubes or bars each other, each maximum amplitude portion being in the same position in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: Provided is a bending apparatus for a plate-shaped metal workpiece, including: a suction device (suction pad) configured to suck a surface of a plate-shaped metal workpiece in a removable manner; a plurality of expansion and contraction devices (servo screw jacks) each including the suction device mounted on a distal end thereof and being capable of expanding and contracting a length ranging from a proximal end thereof to the suction device; and an apparatus base (bed) on which the proximal end of each of the expansion and contraction devices is mounted. The bending apparatus is configured to form the plate-shaped metal workpiece under bending deformation by expanding and contracting the expansion and contraction devices under a state in which the suction device sucks the surface of the plate-shaped metal workpiece.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder block in which a cylinder is formed; a cylinder head including an intake port and an exhaust port, the cylinder head being integrally formed with the cylinder block; a water jacket covering circumferences of the cylinder, the intake port, and the exhaust port; a partition wall dividing the water jacket into a cylinder block side and a cylinder head side; and a knock sensor mounting boss provided on a side surface of the internal combustion engine, at a position on an extension line of the partition wall.

Abstract: A sliding frictional force generation mechanism includes a metal hole member having a hole, a metal shaft member fitted in the hole of the hole member in an axially slidable manner, and a lubrication mechanism configured to supply lubricating oil serving as a cooling medium between the holed ember and the shaft member. The shaft member is fitted in the hole in an interference fit state.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including: a cylinder block in which a plurality of cylinders are formed; and a cylinder head formed in conjunction with the cylinder block into one body to form a plurality of combustion chambers, wherein an upper surface of the cylinder head is divided, along a direction in which the plurality of cylinders are arranged, into first regions that are regions that overlap the combustion chambers as viewed from an axial direction of the cylinders and a second region that is a region located between two of the first regions adjacent to each other, and at least either an intake-side cam journal or an exhaust-side cam journal is disposed in the second region.

Abstract: A node includes a time difference measurement unit and a time setting unit. The time difference measurement unit measures a time difference between a first time based on latest received time information and a second time based on second-latest received time information. The time setting unit calculates an adjustment time difference when the time difference exceeds an allowable range of error that is smaller than an allowable range of maintainable communication, sets a time obtained by adding the adjustment time difference and the second time to the time of the node when the adjustment time difference is within the allowable range of maintainable communication, and sets a time obtained by adding a time difference corresponding to the allowable range of maintainable communication and the second time to the time of the node when the adjustment time difference exceeds the allowable range of maintainable communication.

Abstract: A press machine includes upper and lower crankshafts having the same amount of eccentricity and driven in opposite directions with a phase difference of 180 degrees, a slide and a bolster rotatably connected to eccentric parts of the upper and lower crankshafts, respectively, a parallel maintaining mechanism configured to maintain a parallelism between the slide and the bolster, and a clamp mechanism including an upper clamp attached to the slide and a lower clamp attached to the bolster. The slide and the bolster move toward/away from each other and advance/retreat together along a feed direction of a material in accordance with rotational driving of the upper and lower crankshafts. The clamp mechanism clamps the material when the slide and the bolster move toward each other and unclamps the material forwardly fed while being clamped when the slide and the bolster move away from each other.

Abstract: A pit gate 15 that is accommodated in a slot 14 and that seals service water retained in a first pit and a second pit in a watertight manner includes a gate main body 21; a sealing member 22 that is provided on a surface opposite to the slot 14 in a gate main body 21 and that seals between the gate main body 21 and the slot 14 in a watertight manner; and an upper pressing clamp 23, an intermediate pressing clamp 24, and a lower pressing clamp 25 that are provided in the gate main body 21 and that moves gate main body 21 toward the sealing member 22 side due to the weight of the gate main body 21 itself.

Abstract: A workpiece conveying apparatus includes: a conveying table including a workpiece supporting mechanism; a first arm and a second arm each having one end pivotally coupled to the conveying table; a first moving unit coupled to another end of the first arm; a second moving unit coupled to another end of the second arm; and a posture control unit configured to control a posture of the conveying table through control of an angle between the conveying table and one of the first arm and the second arm, in which the first and second moving units are movable by a moving mechanism in a workpiece conveying direction, in which the conveying table is lifted up and down through a change of an interval between the first and second moving units, and in which these moving units are moved in the same direction to convey the workpiece.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder block in which a cylinder is formed; a cylinder head including an intake port and an exhaust port, the cylinder head being integrally formed with the cylinder block; a water jacket covering circumferences of the cylinder, the intake port, and the exhaust port; a partition wall dividing the water jacket into a cylinder block side and a cylinder head side; and a knock sensor mounting boss provided on a side surface of the internal combustion engine, at a position on an extension line of the partition wall.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder block in which a cylinder is formed; a cylinder head including an intake port and an exhaust port, the cylinder head being integrally formed with the cylinder block; a water jacket covering circumferences of the cylinder, the intake port, and the exhaust port; and a partition wall dividing the water jacket into a cylinder block side and a cylinder head side, the partition wall being inclined so that an exhaust port side is positioned nearer to a cylinder head side than an intake port side.

Abstract: A data communication apparatus forms a mesh network together with at least one gateway includes a frame generating unit and a frame transferring unit. The frame generating unit generates a meter data frame to transmit to a gateway. The meter data frame is a frame including meter data. The frame transferring unit transfers the meter data frame received from another data communication apparatus. The meter data frame is addressed to the gateway. The frame generating unit transmits the meter data frame to which number of alternate routing that indicates number of allowable transmission attempts from a data communication apparatus adjacent to a destination gateway of the meter data frame to the gateway is added. The frame transferring unit changes the number of alternate routing added thereto to a value smaller by 1 than a value that has been set and transits the meter data frame to another data communication apparatus.

Abstract: A communication system includes: a specific node; and a plurality of nodes that are installed at fixed positions and perform ad hoc wireless communication with the specific node. The nodes each include a link quality evaluating unit, an upstream route constructing unit, a communicating unit, and a downstream route constructing unit. The link quality evaluating unit performs route evaluation using a hello frame based only on a track record of reception of the hello frame in order to perform upstream communication toward the specific node to form a network. The upstream route constructing unit constructs an upstream route based on the route evaluation. The communicating unit performs upstream communication toward the specific node on a regular basis with a predetermined frequency. The downstream route constructing unit constructs a downstream route from the specific node based on a route in the upstream communication toward the specific node.

Abstract: An ad hoc network system includes a plurality of nodes that communicate with a specific node. Each of the nodes includes a calculator and a selector. The calculator calculates a cumulative value of the number of communication nodes connected through the node by adding the numbers of communication nodes from an upstream side, which is a side closer to the specific node than the node, to the node. The selector selects a node serving as a connection destination out of the nodes located on the upstream side on the basis of the cumulative value of the number of communication nodes calculated by the calculator.

Abstract: A communication device is included in an ad hoc network in a reactive routing scheme. The communication device includes a receiving unit, a selecting unit, and a transfer control unit. The receiving unit receives a route request frame including overall quality information on routes through which the route request frame has passed. The selecting unit selects a route request frame to be transferred to another communication device based on the quality information, from the route request frames received by the receiving unit through a plurality of routes. The transfer control unit transfers the route request frame selected by the selecting unit to the another communication device, and discards the route request frame when a quality value indicated by the quality information of the route request frame is smaller than a predetermined reference value.

Abstract: Provided is a bending apparatus for a plate-shaped metal workpiece, including: a suction device (suction pad) configured to suck a surface of a plate-shaped metal workpiece in a removable manner; a plurality of expansion and contraction devices (servo screw jacks) each including the suction device mounted on a distal end thereof and being capable of expanding and contracting a length ranging from a proximal end thereof to the suction device; and an apparatus base (bed) on which the proximal end of each of the expansion and contraction devices is mounted. The bending apparatus is configured to form the plate-shaped metal workpiece under bending deformation by expanding and contracting the expansion and contraction devices under a state in which the suction device sucks the surface of the plate-shaped metal workpiece.

Abstract: A software update system includes an administration server, a wireless communication terminal, and a wireless-communication key station. The wireless communication terminal is configured to be connected to the administration server through a communication network. The a wireless-communication key station is configured to be positioned between the administration server and the wireless communication terminal, and to perform processing of distributing software of an update object transmitted from the administration server to the wireless communication terminal.

Abstract: A pit gate 15 that is accommodated in a slot 14 and that seals service water retained in a first pit and a second pit in a watertight manner includes a gate main body 21; a sealing member 22 that is provided on a surface opposite to the slot 14 in a gate main body 21 and that seals between the gate main body 21 and the slot 14 in a watertight manner; and an upper pressing clamp 23, an intermediate pressing clamp 24, and a lower pressing clamp 25 that are provided in the gate main body 21 and that moves gate main body 21 toward the sealing member 22 side due to the weight of the gate main body 21 itself.

Abstract: An engine structure is provided that basically includes a cylinder block, an oil circulation pathway and a lubricating oil reservoir. The cylinder block has an upper end for receiving a cylinder head, a lower end for receiving an oil pan, and a crankshaft receiving portion. The oil circulation pathway is arranged to convey lubricating oil by gravity to at least an area located above the crankshaft receiving portion of the cylinder block for supplying lubricating oil to a crankshaft. The lubricating oil reservoir is arranged to store lubricating oil. The lubricating oil reservoir has an open top end for receiving downwardly flowing lubricating oil. The open top end of the lubricating oil reservoir is arranged relative to the oil circulation pathway such that lubricating oil spilling out of the open top end of the lubricating oil reservoir falls into the oil circulation pathway.