Abstract: A functional structural body includes a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of metallic nanoparticles present in the skeletal body, the skeletal body having channels connecting with each other, the metallic nanoparticles being present at least in the channels of the skeletal body.

Abstract: A structured catalyst for steam reforming of the present disclosure is used for producing reformed gas containing hydrogen from a reforming raw material containing hydrocarbon, and includes a support having a porous structure constituted of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one catalytic substance present inside the support. The support includes channels connecting with each other, and the catalytic substance is metal nanoparticles and present at least in the channels of the support.

Abstract: To provide a structured catalyst for catalytic cracking or hydrodesulfurization that suppresses decline in catalytic activity, achieves efficient catalytic cracking, and allows simple and stable obtaining of a substance to be modified. The structured catalyst for catalytic cracking or hydrodesulfurization (1) includes a support (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound and at least one type of metal oxide nanoparticles (20) present in the support (10), in which the support (10) has channels (11) that connect with each other, the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) are present at least in the channels (11) of the support (10), and the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) are composed of a material containing any one or two more of the oxides of Fe, Al, Zn, Zr, Cu, Co, Ni, Ce, Nb, Ti, Mo, V, Cr, Pd, and Ru.

Abstract: A semipermeable membrane support containing polyolefin-based fibers, which can withstand repeated washing and backwashing, makes it easy for a semipermeable membrane component to permeate thereinto and difficult for the component to strike therethrough, and is excellent in adhesion to the semipermeable membrane and adhesion between a non-coating surface thereof and a resin frame. The semipermeable membrane support which is used by forming the semipermeable membrane thereon is a wet-laid nonwoven fabric containing core-sheath type conjugate fibers composed of polypropylene as a core component and polyethylene as a sheath component and has a burst strength of 300 to 1,000 kPa, or the Bekk smoothness and 75° mirror surface glossiness of the coating surface on which the semipermeable membrane is to be formed of the semipermeable membrane support being more than the Bekk smoothness and 75° mirror surface glossiness of a non-coating surface on the opposite side.

Abstract: The method for producing a cellulose-containing solid material of the invention includes treating a botanical biomass in a mixed solvent of water and at least one alcohol selected from aliphatic alcohols having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, under condition A (the concentration of the raw material to be charged into the mixed solvent is 1% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less), condition B (the reaction temperature is 100° C. or higher and 350° C. or lower), and condition C (the reaction time is 0.1 hours or more and 10 hours or less), followed by solid-liquid separation after the treatment to give a cellulose-containing solid material. Accordingly, there are provided a method for producing a cellulose-containing solid material excellent in saccharification performance and a method for producing glucose from the cellulose-containing solid material.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a separator for an electrochemical element in which the occurrence of fluff on the sheet surface thereof is suppressed and an internal short-circuit defect rate is low, and the invention provides a separator for an electrochemical element, comprising: a fibrillated solvent spun cellulose fiber; and a synthetic fiber, wherein the separator for an electrochemical element contains, as the synthetic fiber, from 5 to 40% by weight of a core-sheath type composite fiber having a fiber diameter of 6.0 ?m or less which is composed of: a core component made of a resin having a melting point of 160° C. or more; and a sheath component made of polyethylene.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a lignin degradation product that includes (1) a degradation step of degrading a raw material containing a plant biomass, in a mixed solvent of water and an aliphatic alcohol having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, which separates into two phases at 0° C. or higher and 50° C. or lower, under the following conditions, and (2) after the degradation step, a liquid-liquid separation step of separating the lignin degradation product-containing organic phase from the solvent that has separated at the temperature for two-phase separation. The method produces a lignin degradation product at a high yield from lignin or a material containing lignin. Condition A: The concentration of the raw material to be in the mixed solvent is 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. Condition B: The reaction temperature is 100° C. or higher and 350° C. or lower. Condition C: The reaction time is 0.1 hours or more and 10 hours or less.

Abstract: The method for producing a cellulose-containing solid material of the invention includes treating a botanical biomass in a mixed solvent of water and at least one alcohol selected from aliphatic alcohols having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, under condition A (the concentration of the raw material to be charged into the mixed solvent is 1% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less), condition B (the reaction temperature is 100° C. or higher and 350° C. or lower), and condition C (the reaction time is 0.1 hours or more and 10 hours or less), followed by solid-liquid separation after the treatment to give a cellulose-containing solid material. Accordingly, there are provided a method for producing a cellulose-containing solid material excellent in saccharification performance and a method for producing glucose from the cellulose-containing solid material.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a lignin degradation product that includes (1) a degradation step of degrading a raw material containing a plant biomass, in a mixed solvent of water and an aliphatic alcohol having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, which separates into two phases at 0° C. or higher and 50° C. or lower, under the following conditions, and (2) after the degradation step, a liquid-liquid separation step of separating the lignin degradation product-containing organic phase from the solvent that has separated at the temperature for two-phase separation. The method produces a lignin degradation product at a high yield from lignin or a material containing lignin. Condition A: The concentration of the raw material to be in the mixed solvent is 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. Condition B: The reaction temperature is 100° C. or higher and 350° C. or lower. Condition C: The reaction time is 0.1 hours or more and 10 hours or less.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a lignin degradation product that includes (1) a degradation step of degrading a raw material containing a plant biomass, in a mixed solvent of water and an aliphatic alcohol having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, which separates into two phases at 0° C. or higher and 50° C. or lower, under the following conditions, and (2) after the degradation step, a liquid-liquid separation step of separating the lignin degradation product-containing organic phase from the solvent that has separated at the temperature for two-phase separation. The method produces a lignin degradation product at a high yield from lignin or a material containing lignin. Condition A: The concentration of the raw material to be in the mixed solvent is 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. Condition B: The reaction temperature is 100° C. or higher and 350° C. or lower. Condition C: The reaction time is 0.1 hours or more and 10 hours or less.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition according to the present invention contains: purified lignin obtained by treating a herbaceous biomass as a raw material under the following conditions in a first solvent that is a mixed solvent of water and at least one type of alcohol selected from aliphatic alcohols having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, subsequently removing the alcohol from the alcohol phase that is separated at the temperature at which the first solvent separates into two phases to give lignin, adding a second solvent that is an organic solvent alone or a mixed solvent of the organic solvent and water to the resultant lignin, and removing the second solvent from the solution in which the lignin is dissolved in the second solvent; and a lignin-reactive compound that has a functional group capable of reacting with the purified lignin. Condition A: the concentration of the raw material to be charged into the mixed solvent is 1% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less. Condition B: the treatment temperature is 100° C.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a lignin degradation product that includes (1) a degradation step of degrading a raw material containing a plant biomass, in a mixed solvent of water and an aliphatic alcohol having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, which separates into two phases at 0° C. or higher and 50° C. or lower, under the following conditions, and (2) after the degradation step, a liquid-liquid separation step of separating the lignin degradation product-containing organic phase from the solvent that has separated at the temperature for two-phase separation. The method produces a lignin degradation product at a high yield from lignin or a material containing lignin. Condition A: The concentration of the raw material to be in the mixed solvent is 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. Condition B: The reaction temperature is 100° C. or higher and 350° C. or lower. Condition C: The reaction time is 0.1 hours or more and 10 hours or less.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal recording material comprising an intermediate layer and a heat-sensitive recording layer for color formation by heat stacked in this order onto a support, the thermal recording material being characterized in that the intermediate layer contains a bellows-shaped hollow resin and that the roughness of the surface on the color forming side is 1.0 ?m or less as measured by Parker Print Surf. The method for producing such a thermal recording material comprises the steps of: applying a coating liquid containing heat-expandable resin particles to a support, drying the coated support at a temperature lower than the expansion starting temperature of the heat-expandable resin particle, and subjecting the coated support to thermoforming for formation of an intermediate layer; and applying, to the intermediate layer, heat-sensitive recording-related components which contribute to color formation by heat, for formation of a heat-sensitive recording layer.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal recording material comprising a heat-sensitive recording layer for color formation by heat and a protective layer stacked in this order on a support, the heat-sensitive recording layer containing an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, the protective layer containing a diacetone-modified polyvinyl alcohol and a crosslinker.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel security feature in the form of a luminescent marking for integration in a recording material. The security feature comprises a radiation layer (21) with luminescent components and a masking layer (2) with cavity pigments at least partly masking the radiation layer. The pigments in the masking layer (2) are fused by locally defined heal treatment into the form of a marking. The invention particularly relates to a heat-sensitive recording material comprising, in a preferred embodiment, at least one substrate (10), a heat-sensitive recording layer (30), an intermediate layer (21), between the substrate and the heat-sensitive recording layer in the form of a radiation layer with luminescent components and a masking layer with cavity pigments (2), the pigments of the masking layer (2) being fused in the form of a marking by locally defined fusion.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal recording material comprising an intermediate layer and a heat-sensitive recording layer for color formation by heat stacked in this order onto a support, the thermal recording material being characterized in that the intermediate layer contains a bellows-shaped hollow resin and that the roughness of the surface on the color forming side is 1.0 ?m or less as measured by Parker Print Surf. The method for producing such a thermal recording material comprises the steps of: applying a coating liquid containing heat-expandable resin particles to a support, drying the coated support at a temperature lower than the expansion starting temperature of the heat-expandable resin particle, and subjecting the coated support to thermoforming for formation of an intermediate layer; and applying, to the intermediate layer, heat-sensitive recording-related components which contribute to color formation by heat, for formation of a heat-sensitive recording layer.

Abstract: In a thermal recording material having an intermediate layer and a thermal recording layer that are laminated on a support in this order, the above intermediate layer contains a swellable starch and a pigment and is formed by applying onto the support a coating liquid containing the swellable starch and the pigment in the state of being dispersed in a dispersing medium composed of water as a main component, whereby a number of voids are formed in the intermediate layer and there can be provided a thermal recording material excellent in thermal response and head-matching property.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal recording material comprising a heat-sensitive recording layer for color formation by heat and a protective layer stacked in this order on a support, the heat-sensitive recording layer containing an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, the protective layer containing a diacetone-modified polyvinyl alcohol and a crosslinker.

Abstract: A thermal recording material having a thermally color-forming thermal recording layer and a protective layer which are formed on a substrate in this order, wherein the protective layer is a layer obtained by applying an aqueous coating liquid containing a polyvinyl alcohol, a crosslinking agent, a pigment, an Arrhenius acid and a volatile amine onto the thermal recording layer and drying the applied coating liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for producing acetone in a high yield from hydrated ethanol derived from biomass, without requiring a large amount of energy. Hydrated ethanol derived from biomass is heated to a reaction temperature of 400° C. or higher in the presence of a Zr—Fe catalyst, thereby producing acetone. The reaction temperature is preferably from 450 to 550° C., and the Zr—Fe catalyst preferably contains 5 to 10% by mass of Zr. The present invention allows purification of hydrated acetone without requiring purification of the hydrated ethanol.