Abstract: A plurality of threshold values for binary-coding radiation image data of an object is stepwise set. Binary-coding processing is carried out on the radiation image data by the use of each of the threshold values and a plurality of binary images are generated. Isolated regions are extracted as primary-label regions, and a growth score for evaluating the likelihood that the primary-label region represents a growth is calculated for each primary-label region. The growth scores for the respective primary-label regions are compared with each other and a predetermined number of primary-label regions which are higher in the growth score than any of the others are detected as the prospective abnormal shadow region.

Abstract: A calculation is made to find a degree of certainty about malignancy, which degree represents a level of possibility of a pattern being a malignant pattern, with respect to an abnormal pattern candidate having been detected in accordance with a medical image signal representing a medical image. The calculation is made in accordance with an index value representing a feature of the abnormal pattern candidate and in accordance with a correlation between the index value and possibility of a pattern being a malignant pattern, which correlation has been obtained from clinical results. Information representing the degree of certainty about malignancy with respect to the abnormal pattern candidate is outputted together with the information for specifying the detected abnormal pattern candidate.

Abstract: A cyclic olefin having a specific polar group is polymerized by addition polymerization in a hydrocarbon solvent, using a polymerization catalyst component containing (i) a specific transition metal compound, (ii) a Lewis acid compound and (iii) an alkyl aluminoxane, or the cyclic olefin is polymerized by addition polymerization in the hydrocarbon solvent, using the polymerization catalyst component, by further adding at least one aromatic vinyl compound and at least one cyclic nonconjugated polyene compound, or either one of them as a molecular weight modifier, thereby obtaining a cyclic olefinic addition polymer.

Abstract: A lens-fitted photo film unit is pre-loaded with photo film, and is a flash built-in type. A booster circuit boosts power source voltage to obtain high voltage. A main capacitor stores charge at the high voltage. A flash discharge tube is connected with the main capacitor, and emits flash light by discharge at the high voltage. A trigger circuit triggers the discharge of the flash discharge tube in response to an exposing operation. A main circuit board has the booster circuit and the trigger circuit mounted thereon. A subsidiary circuit board is connected with the main circuit board, and has a flash quenching circuit mounted thereon. The flash quenching circuit operates in an auxiliary manner, and automatically adjusts the amount of the flash light.

Abstract: In an abnormal shadow detecting system, a characteristic value on the shape and/or the density of a prospective area of a micro calcification shadow set in an image of an object is extracted on the basis of image data representing the image of the object, and whether a micro calcification shadow really exists in the prospective area is determined on the basis of the calculated characteristic value.

Abstract: An anomalous shadow detection apparatus for detecting within an image the shadows cast by microcalcifications of various characteristics, wherein the detection performance is improved. An ultrafine structures image forming means forms an ultrafine structures image data from the image data of a target subject (mammary glands) that has been inputted thereto. A microcalcifications enhanced image obtaining means forms two microcalcifications enhanced image data, by use of two matched filters (form dependent filters), from the formed ultrafine structures image data that has been inputted thereto. The formed ultrafine structures image data and the two microcalcifications enhanced image data are inputted to a detecting means. Based on the image data inputted thereto, the detecting means detects, utilizing the detection threshold value set for each image data, the microcalcification shadows within the image represented by the target subject image data.

Abstract: In a film unit, a charge operation member is held on a fron side of a guide member to be slidable between an ON position to turn on a flash charge switch of a built-in flash device and an OFF position to turn off the flash charge switch. The guide member is mounted stationarily to a front side of a flash circuit board of the flash device. Joints between front and rear cover of the film unit are set away from those circuit portions of the flash device where high voltage current flows. The flash charge switch is constituted of a metal contact blade and contact chips provided on the flash circuit board. The metal contact blade is bent roundly at a base portion of a pair of resilient arms. The charge operation member keeps on pressing the arms onto the contact chips in the ON position. The flash device charges a main capacitor while the flash charge switch is on, and automatically stops charging when the charge voltage goes above a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: Prospective micro calcification points in a radiation image of an object are extracted on the basis of image data representing the radiation image and clustered into cluster areas. A plurality of areas are set in the radiation image, and fluctuation in size and/or fluctuation in density of the prospective micro calcification points in each of the areas is obtained. Detected areas are extracted from the plurality of areas on the basis of the fluctuation in size and/or the fluctuation in density of the prospective micro calcification points in each of the areas, and each interconnected area where a predetermined number of or more extracted detected areas are continuous is set as a cluster area.

Abstract: A shutter device for a camera includes a shutter blade for providing an exposure by opening/shutting a photographic light path, and a shutter drive lever for driving the shutter blade. The shutter device includes a shutter release button. A photometric switch is turned on in response to depression of the shutter release button. A photometric circuit is operated by turning on of the photometric switch, for measuring object brightness. An aperture stop changeover mechanism changes over an aperture stop of the photographic light path according to the photographic light path. A delay structure such as a delay lever detects completion of actuation of the aperture stop changeover mechanism and responsively moves the shutter drive lever.

Abstract: A lens-fitted photo film unit is pre-loaded with photo film, and is a flash built-in type. A booster circuit boosts power source voltage to obtain high voltage. A main capacitor stores charge at the high voltage. A flash discharge tube is connected with the main capacitor, and emits flash light by discharge at the high voltage. A trigger circuit triggers the discharge of the flash discharge tube in response to an exposing operation. A main circuit board has the booster circuit and the trigger circuit mounted thereon. A subsidiary circuit board is connected with the main circuit board, and has a flash quenching circuit mounted thereon. The flash quenching circuit operates in an auxiliary manner, and automatically adjusts the amount of the flash light.

Abstract: A drive belt suspension system for a snowmobile includes an improved construction in which an excessive shock is not directly received by the snowmobile frame to ensure a smooth operation of the suspension system. The suspension system includes a suspension arm arranged to suspend a slide rail assembly from a frame assembly of the snowmobile body. The suspension arm has a sleeve connected to the slide rail assembly for pivotal movement about a lower axis and a rod connected to the frame assembly for pivotal movement about an upper axis. The rod is supported by the sleeve and has a pair of stoppers that interpose the sleeve therebetween. The lower axis is positioned between the respective stoppers in a direction parallel to a longitudinal dimension of the drive belt suspension system.

Abstract: Processing, in which a first shape-dependent filter in accordance with a shape of a microcalcification pattern is utilized, is performed on an object image, and a fine structure image, which illustrates a fine structure area embedded in the object image, is formed. Thereafter, enhancement processing, in which a second shape-dependent filter in accordance with the shape of a microcalcification pattern is utilized, is performed on the fine structure image, and an enhancement-processed image, in which the microcalcification pattern has been enhanced, is formed. A microcalcification pattern candidate is then detected by use of the enhancement-processed image.

Abstract: In a method of detecting a prospective abnormal shadow in an image at a predetermined detecting level, the detecting level is changed according to prior information on the object.

Abstract: Processing for detecting an abnormal pattern candidate embedded in a medical image having been obtained from an image recording operation is performed on an image signal representing the medical image. In cases where the image signal is one which has been subjected to predetermined signal processing, correction processing is performed on the image signal such that the abnormal pattern candidate detecting processing performed on the image signal, which has been subjected to the predetermined signal processing, does not depend upon the predetermined signal processing. The abnormal pattern candidate detecting processing is then performed on the image signal, which has been obtained from the correction processing.

Abstract: A lens-fitted photo film unit contains a battery unit. The battery unit has a battery, which includes positive and negative battery electrodes. A battery case is formed from insulating material, and contains the battery. An elastic cap is included in the battery case. First and second contact segments are thrust through respectively the elastic cap in a watertight manner, and contact respectively the positive and negative battery electrodes, for external connection of the battery.

Abstract: An anomalous shadow detection system capable of obtaining stable detection capacity across all facilities into which the system is introduced, regardless of variations in the conditions of the image obtaining environments of each facility is provided. An image obtaining means obtains an image of a standard-phantom, and an image readout means obtains phantom-image data thereof. Said phantom-image data is input to an evaluative model detecting means which detects evaluative models contained within the image of the standard-phantom. An evaluating means compares the detected evaluative models to a desired detection level. If the detected evaluative models are of a different detection level than the desired detection level, a parameter setting means resets the detection parameter, depending on the result obtained by the evaluating means 32, and the above processing of the phantom-image data is repeated until the detection result and the desired detection level are the same.

Abstract: In a film unit, a charge operation member is held on a fron side of a guide member to be slidable between an ON position to turn on a flash charge switch of a built-in flash device and an OFF position to turn off the flash charge switch. The guide member is mounted stationarily to a front side of a flash circuit board of the flash device. Joints between front and rear cover of the film unit are set away from those circuit portions of the flash device where high voltage current flows. The flash charge switch is constituted of a metal contact blade and contact chips provided on the flash circuit board. The metal contact blade is bent roundly at a base portion of a pair of resilient arms. The charge operation member keeps on pressing the arms onto the contact chips in the ON position. The flash device charges a main capacitor while the flash charge switch is on, and automatically stops charging when the charge voltage goes above a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: In a film unit, a charge operation member is held on a fron side of a guide member to be slidable between an ON position to turn on a flash charge switch of a built-in flash device and an OFF position to turn off the flash charge switch. The guide member is mounted stationarily to a front side of a flash circuit board of the flash device. Joints between front and rear cover of the film unit are set away from those circuit portions of the flash device where high voltage current flows. The flash charge switch is constituted of a metal contact blade and contact chips provided on the flash circuit board. The metal contact blade is bent roundly at a base portion of a pair of resilient arms. The charge operation member keeps on pressing the arms onto the contact chips in the ON position. The flash device charges a main capacitor while the flash charge switch is on, and automatically stops charging when the charge voltage goes above a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: A flash device has a flash discharge tube for emitting flash light in response to occurrence of trigger current. A reflector has electrical conductivity, transmits the trigger current to flash discharge tube, and reflects the flash light toward a photographic field in a predetermined illuminating pattern. The reflector includes a peripheral reflective portion and lateral portions. The peripheral reflective portion is curved to cover a rear, a top and a bottom of the flash discharge tube. The lateral portions are disposed on ends of the peripheral reflective portion in a longitudinal direction of the flash device. A trigger segment transmits the trigger current to the reflector. The trigger segment is disposed to push an outer face of the lateral portions for electrical connection with the reflector, to stabilize orientation of the reflector for avoiding changes in the predetermined illuminating pattern.

Abstract: A cleanser composition comprising a phosphate type surfactant and an amide ether carboxylic acid as the essential components. This cleanser composition is lowly irritant to the skin etc., and excellent in lathering property, gives creamy foam in quality, and can give an excellent feeling to the skin cleansed even when it is used in hard water.