Abstract: A solid-liquid separator and a process for washing the same wherein SS (sended solids) caught in space portions of a filter medium in a tank are caused to flow out from the space portions and be suspended while at least part of the filter medium is maintained in a fluidized state by air washing, and rapid drainage through a lower portion of the tank causes the SS in the suspended state to be rapidly removed without being again caught into the space portions of the filter medium.

Abstract: A control apparatus includes a phase comparator for generating a first control signal in accordance with the phase difference between a variable frequency signal and an input signal from the outside, a multiplier for multiplying the first control signal and a correction signal thereby to output a second control signal, a variable frequency oscillator for outputting the variable frequency signal in response to the second control signal, and a correction circuit for generating the correction signal for correcting a frequency deviation of the variable frequency signal from a predetermined value.

Abstract: A supported platinum alloy electrocatalyst for an acid electrolyte fuel cell, said electrocatalyst consisting essentially of an electrically conductive powdery carbon carrier and dispersed in, and deposited on, the carrier, an ordered platinum-iron-copper ternary alloy comprising 40 to 60 atomic percent of platinum, 13 to 40 atomic percent of iron and 13 to 14 atomic percent of copper. The electrocatalyst has much better initial activity and lifetime than conventional platinum alone or multi-components alloy electrocatalysts. A process for producing the supported platinum alloy electrocatalyst which comprises depositing copper on a previously formed platinum-iron supported binary ordered alloy, again subjecting the product to an alloy treatment, or depositing iron on the platinum-copper supported binary alloy and then again subjecting the product to an alloying treatment.

Abstract: A spray-drying granulation apparatus having: a spray drying section formed in an upper position of a chamber wherein sprayed feed liquid particles are dried to powder by a hot-air; and a powder granulation section formed in a power position of the chamber, and provided with a nozzle for feeding a binder liquid. There is no need of maintaining sticky powder or completely dried powder to the lower section. The sprayed particles can be dried to powder in a wide drying range before they are granulated in the granulation section by a binder liquid. The degree of granulation can be selected as desired while preventing attachment of powder to the inner wall of the chamber due to incomplete drying.

Abstract: Disclosed are a platinum alloy electrocatalyst having high activity and a long life comprising an electrically conductive carrier and dispersed in, and deposited on it, a platinum-iron-cobalt-copper quaternary ordered alloy composed of 40 to 70 atomic % of platinum, 9 to 27 atomic % of iron, 9 to 27 atomic % of cobalt and 9 to 27 atomic % of copper, and an electrode for an acid electrolyte fuel cell which electrode comprises the platinum alloy electrocatalyst, a water-repellent binder and a conductive and acid-resistant supporting member, the electrocatalyst and the water-repellent binder being bonded to.

Abstract: A process for treating organic waste water in which a first step provided the stage precedent to a second step using an aerobic filter bed employs an upward flow type solid-liquid separator packed with a filter medium, with the SS (suspended solids) removal at the preceding stage being performed at a high SS removal rate and in a short time.

Abstract: A supported platinum alloy electrocatalyst for an acid electrolyte fuel cell, said electrocatalyst consisting essentially of an electrically conductive powdery carbon carrier and dispersed in, and deposited on, the carrier, an ordered platinum-iron-copper ternary alloy comprising 40 to 60 atomic percent of platinum, 13 to 40 atomic percent of iron and 13 to 40 atomic percent of copper. The electrocatalyst has much better initial activity and lifetime than conventional platinum alone or multi-components alloy electrocatalysts. A process for producing the supported platinum alloy electrocatalyst which comprises depositing copper on a previously formed platinum-iron supported binary ordered alloy, again subjecting the product to an alloying treatment, or depositing iron on the platinum-copper supported binary alloy and then again subjecting the product to an alloying treatment.

Abstract: A charging method of an electrostatic image developer which makes it possible to electrically charge an insulating one-component developer or a two-component developer consisting of a toner and a carrier to a desired charged state and which comprises introducing the developer into a charging space between a pair of sheet-like charging members opposing each other in which space an alternating field is formed, and oscillating the developer by means of the alternating field for charging it. A developing method of a non-contact or contact system which develops the electrostatic image by use of the developer charged electrically by the above-mentioned charging method.

Abstract: A charging method of an electrostatic image developer which makes it possible to electrically charge an insulating one-component developer or a two-component developer consisting of a toner and a carrier to a desired charged state and which comprises introducing the developer into a charging space between a pair of sheet-like charging members opposing each other in which space an alternating field is formed, and oscillating the developer by means of the alternating field for charging it. A developing method of a non-contact or contact system which develops the electrostatic image by use of the developer charged electrically by the above-mentioned charging method.

Abstract: A cleaning device for separating residual magnetic toner on an image carrier from the image carrier and for magnetically absorbing the separated magnetic toner by a rotary magnet member and transferring on a guide member on the surface of which a shifting field is induced by the rotary magnet member and which covers the surface of the magnet member from the part approaching the image carrier to the part on the opposite side where the magnetic toner drops down by its own gravity and removing it away. A vibration imparting device is provided for vibrating the guide member.

Abstract: A charging method of an electrostatic image developer which makes it possible to electrically charge an insulating one-component developer or a two-component developer consisting of a toner and a carrier to a desired charged state and which comprises introducing the developer into a charging space between a pair of sheet-like charging members opposing each other in which space an alternating field is formed, and oscillating the developer by means of the alternating field for charging it. A developing method of a non-contact or contact system which develops the electrostatic image by use of the developer charged electrically by the above-mentioned charging method.

Abstract: The fixing means for an electrostatic recording apparatus comprises a pair of revolving rollers in pressure contact with one another, of which at least one roller may be a heating roller, and in which each roller is a deformable thin cylinder supported for rotation at its ends by a resilient deformable end piece. The two revolving rollers are urged against one another by a pair of aligned pressure rollers extending along substantially the entire length of the revolving rollers and between them exerting a pressure against said revolving rollers in a direction perpendicular to the axes thereof. The result is to provide between the two revolving rollers a constant elastically deformable and restorable nip across the entire length of said revolving rollers. Because of this construction and the close contact between the rollers, their surface temperature can be quickly raised, a uniform nipping width is maintained, and no permanent roller deformation results.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vertical deflection circuit in which first and second NPN output transistors are connected in series to make up a single-ended push-pull circuit. A vertical deflection coil and a low-value resistor are connected in series between the output terminal of the push-pull circuit and the earth. The second NPN output transistor is driven by a driving transistor which amplifies the oscillated signal produced from a vertical oscillation stage. The voltage generated at the junction point of the vertical deflection coil and the low-value resistor is fed back to the driving transistor. An emitter resistor is inserted between the emitter of the second NPN output transistor and the earth, while a resistor for differentiating the amount of feedback in the former and latter halves of the vertical scanning period is inserted between the emitter of the second NPN transistor and the junction point.

Abstract: A pump starting method for hydraulic machinery such as a pump turbine and a pump having adjustable guide vanes and an inlet valve, by which hydraulic vibrations due to pump no discharge operation can be prevented by beginning pumping-up with said adjustable guide vanes being opened before a main valve included in a said inlet valve is fully opened in starting the pump.