Abstract: A recording method includes the steps of detecting whether unique information is recorded in a storage medium outside a predetermined area managed by a management data that manages data in a data area on a storage medium; generating unique information when in the detecting step no unique information is detected as being recorded in the storage medium; and recording the unique information when generated in the generating step to the storage medium outside the area managed by the management data.

Abstract: A recording method includes the steps of causing a first management system retained in a first apparatus to manage a storage medium loaded in a second apparatus when the first apparatus and the second apparatus are connected to one another; and recording the data to the storage medium based on a second management system which is retained in the second apparatus and which limits consecution of data recording segments when it is determined that data transferred from the first apparatus to the second apparatus are to be recorded to the storage medium. A recording apparatus and editing method and apparatus also manage data storage and editing between first and second apparatuses.

Abstract: A data accessing method includes the steps of obtaining a track information entry about a predetermined track from a play order table having a plurality of track information entries, the track information entry pointing to a track descriptor in a track information table; obtaining the track descriptor from the track information table, the track descriptor including a decryption key corresponding to the predetermined track, pointer information that points to a part descriptor of a plurality of part descriptors in a part information table, and name pointer information that points to a name slot entry in a name table having a plurality of name slot entries; reading the name slot entry that corresponds to the name pointer information in the track descriptor; reading the part descriptor that corresponds to the pointer information in the track descriptor; and reading a part of an audio file according to part pointer information in the part descriptor, the part pointer information pointing to at least a part of a fi

Abstract: A recording method is responsive to a user-initiated single instruction, that includes the steps of copying content data from a storage medium loaded in a first apparatus to a data storage device of a second apparatus; and setting a predetermined check-out count from a predetermined count to the predetermined count minus one, the predetermined check-out count including control information corresponding to a predetermined number of times the content data is allowed to be copied to the data storage device. A storage medium driving apparatus implements the recording method described above.

Abstract: A storage medium includes a first area configured to have data stored therein in a first recording format; a second area configured to have data stored therein in a second recording format; a management table configured to manage a replacement area for a defect area in a data area in the storage medium, the management table being stored in the second area; an alert track stored in the first area; and a management data configured to manage the managing table and the alert track, the management data stored in the first area, wherein an end position of the first area is set a predetermined distance apart from a start position of the second area.

Abstract: A storage medium initializing method includes steps of recording on a storage medium a management table configured to manage a replacement area for a defect area in a data area in the storage medium; recording a unique identification on the storage medium; and recording management data in the data area. The step of recording a unique identification includes recording the unique identification on the storage medium, but outside an area managed by the management data. The method optional includes initialization and cancellation steps.

Abstract: A recording method includes the steps of reading a management table for managing whether data are recorded on a recording medium in units of a first recording segment; detecting whether the first recording segment is associated with a second recording segment smaller than the first recording segment according to a designation of data recording in units of the second recording segment into the recording medium; discriminating from data in the management table whether it is possible to read data of the first recording segment; reading the data in units of the first recording segment and temporarily recording the data to a memory when in the discriminating step it is determined that it is possible to read data in units of the first recording segment; recording data to a part of the first recording segment recorded in the memory in units of the second recording segment; and recording data of the first recording segment that was temporarily recorded in the memory to the storage medium.

Abstract: A reproducing method, reproducing apparatus, recording method and recording apparatus provide read/record data in an efficient way to a storage medium.

Abstract: A track management method includes steps of obtaining track information from a play order table having track information entries arranged in a predetermined play order, the track information corresponds to a track to be deleted and points to a track descriptor in a track information table; obtaining the track descriptor, the track descriptor including a decryption key corresponding to the track to be deleted and pointer information that points to one of a plurality of part descriptors in a part information table; advancing the predetermined play order for a subset of the plurality of track information entries that follow the track to be deleted in the predetermined play order; reading the one of a plurality of part descriptors; separating in a file system a data block that is a part of a file specified by part pointer information in the part descriptor from the file managed by the file system and freeing the data block on the file system, the part pointer information pointing to a part of the file that includ

Abstract: A terminal generates predetermined music information on a reproduced piece of music and reproduction frequency information including a reproduction count of the piece of music. Then, the terminal transmits the reproduction frequency information and its own apparatus ID to a server. When receiving the reproduction frequency information and the apparatus ID, the server computes a similarity coefficient between pieces of music reproduced by the terminal and an other terminal on the basis of the terminals' reproduction frequency information and apparatus IDs. The server then catalogs the computed similarity coefficient on a favorite list by associating the similarity coefficient with the reproduction frequency information's music information and the apparatus IDs. The server also identifies at least a similar piece of music reproduced by the terminal and the other terminal by referring to the favorite list.

Abstract: A communication navigation system is provided with a communication center apparatus (3) and a communication navigation terminal (5), which perform two-way communication on a communication network (1, 2). The communication center apparatus for providing map information is provided with a search device (74) for searching for a recommendation route with respect to the request of route search from the communication navigation terminal; and a wireless device (73) for wirelessly transmitting guidance position information including information indicating a direction or a route to be advanced and/or information indicating a location of each one of a plurality of guidance positions located on the recommendation route. The communication navigation terminal is provided with a display processing device (43) for displaying the recommendation route by connecting the plurality of guidance positions by interpolation according to the content of the received guidance position information.

Abstract: A process for producing crystal 1-kestose wherein granular crystal 1-kestose in the form of large crystals can be produced at a high yield is disclosed. A highly pure solution of 1-kestose is concentrated to a Brix of 75 or higher; either seed crystals are added, or the solution is vacuum-concentrated to generate microcrystals for use as nuclei; then, a crystal growing step by vacuum-concentration and a microcrystal dissolving step for redissolving microcrystals which have formed in the concentrate are repeated at least twice each. Alternatively, a highly pure solution of 1-kestose is concentrated to a Brix of 80 or higher; either seed crystals are added, or the solution is allowed to initiate crystallization; after crystals are allowed to grow, a cooling step where the temperature is lowered by 5° C. to 20° C. from the previous step and a crystal growing step where the concentrate is maintained at the temperature to allow the crystals to grow are repeated at least twice each.

Abstract: A service offering system is disclosed which includes a recording element for recording a unique identifier to each of a plurality of storage media issued, a database for storing and managing the identifiers, a reading element for reading the recorded identifier from any of the storage media, a checking element for checking the identifier read by the reading element against the identifiers managed in the database and a service offering element for offering a service to the storage medium identified by the checked identifier depending on a result of the check by the checking element.

Abstract: An obstacle detection system includes a leaky transmission path, a leaky receiving path opposite to the leaky transmission path, a spread spectrum signal generator connected to an end of the leaky transmission path and generating a spread spectrum signal for radiation from the leaky transmission path to detect an obstacle. A correlator is connected to an end of the leaky receiving path to calculate a level of correlation between a reference spread spectrum signal and a spread spectrum signal received by the leaky receiving path. A detector detects an obstacle in accordance with a change in the level of correlation calculated by the correlator.

Abstract: To provide a noise absorption blade mounting structure for a working vehicle, which is enabled to be excellent in the draft straightening property in an air hole of the cover of an engine room and excellent in the strength and appearance of the cover, by making noise absorption blades having a high noise absorption effect of a simple structure to mount/demount the noise absorption blades simply in/from the air hole thereby to facilitate the tuning against the noises coming from the engine room and the maintenances of the noise absorption blades. Each of the noise absorption blades 8 includes: a core member 14; noise absorption members 15 mounted on the two faces of the core member 14; and mounting members 11, 12 formed on the end faces of the noise absorption members 15. The cover 6 includes in its air hole 6a straightening members 6e for straightening the draft in front of, as taken in the ventilation direction, the noise absorption blades 8.

Abstract: An editing apparatus for editing coded data coded in a predetermined unit to be stored into a storage medium includes a designation section, an evaluation section and a notification section. The designation section designates an editing position of the coded data. The evaluation section evaluates a playback state when the coded data are played back from the editing position designated by the designation section. The notification section notifies a user of the editing apparatus of an evaluation result by the evaluation section.

Abstract: An obstacle detection includes a transmission leakage transmission path, a receiving leakage transmission path opposite to the transmission leakage transmission path, a spread spectrum signal generation means connected to an end of the transmission leakage transmission path and generating a spread spectrum signal for detection of an obstacle for radiation from the transmission leakage transmission path. A correlation means is connected to an end of the receiving leakage transmission path so as to calculate a level of correlation between a reference spread spectrum signal and a spread spectrum signal received by the receiving leakage transmission path. A detecting means detects an obstacle in accordance with a change in the level of correlation calculated by the correlation means.

Abstract: A recording apparatus for storing input video and audio data temporarily in a memory, reading out back the video and audio data from the memory and recording the video and audio data into a recording medium wherein a storage-size of the memory is found and video data to be stored in the memory is thinned in accordance with the storage-size so that audio data of a minimum required amount can be stored in the memory to prevent continuity of audio data recorded in the recording medium from becoming unsustainable.

Abstract: An optical pickup device including a light source, an objective lens for converging a light beam outgoing from said light source, a beam splitter arranged between the light source and the objective lens for splitting the light beam radiated from the light source from a light beam incident thereon via the objective lens and a photodetector for receiving the light beam split by the beam splitter and incident on it via the objective lens. The optical pickup device also includes irregularities or an inclined surface for scattering stray light components produced when a light beam outgoing from the light source is passed through the beam splitter for preventing the stray light components from entering the photodetector for improving detection accuracy of the photodetector.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus has an optical system and an objective lens. The optical system has a semiconductor laser and an optical element. The semiconductor laser has an astigmatic difference in which an oscillated light beam has a light emission point in a semiconductor junction plane different from that in a plane normal to the semiconductor junction plane. The optical element is arranged in a light path of a light beam radiated from the semiconductor laser for over-correcting the astigmatic aberration of the light beam radiated from the semiconductor laser. The objective lens converges the light beam radiated by the light source via the optical element.