Abstract: An Si—O containing hydrogenated carbon film as an optical film has a refractive index in a range from at least 1.48 to at most 1.85 for light of 520 nm wavelength and an extinction coefficient of less than 0.15 for light of 248 nm wavelength, wherein the refractive index and the extinction coefficient are decreased with energy beam irradiation. By utilizing such an Si—O containing hydrogenated carbon film, it is possible to provide various types of optical elements and an optical device including the same.

Abstract: A method of verifying a circuit for use in an apparatus for verifying a circuit operation indicated by circuit information, the circuit including a plurality of logic circuits and at least one connection line between the logic circuits, the method includes: obtaining information of a plurality of pieces of asynchronous circuits from the circuit information; determining information of asynchronous circuits of a first type and a second type stored in a library; extracting information of an asynchronous circuit of a third type including the asynchronous circuits of the first type and the second type; and extracting verification information associated with the information of the asynchronous circuit of the third type, for verifying the circuit.

Abstract: A verification apparatus that verifies whether a reference circuit and an implemented circuit are logically equivalent deletes, respectively therefrom, all buffers and an even number of inverters between flip-flops. On each of the circuits, the apparatus further deletes and merges a flip-flop to another flip-flop that is logically equivalent. The name of the deleted flip-flip is added to the name of the flip-flop to which it is merged. The apparatus compares all of the names of the flip-flops and pairs the flip-flops by name. From the input pin of each of the paired flip-flops, logic cones are defined and using these logic cones, comparison of and verification between the reference circuit and the implemented circuit is performed.

Abstract: A dimension measuring device 100 in accordance with the present invention includes an end face following mechanism 1 that butts against an end face E of a long material, a dimension measuring mechanism 2 for measuring the dimensions of the long material, and a pushingly moving mechanism 3 for pushingly moving the end face following mechanism toward the end face of the long material. The end face following mechanism includes a plurality of contact sensors for detecting a contact state, and is turnable around two axes intersecting at right angles with each other. The pushingly moving mechanism pushingly moves the end face following mechanism into the state in which the plurality of contact sensors detect that the end face following mechanism butts against the end face of the long material.

Abstract: An Si—O containing hydrogenated carbon film as an optical film has a refractive index in a range from at least 1.48 to at most 1.85 for light of 520 nm wavelength and an extinction coefficient of less than 0.15 for light of 248 nm wavelength, wherein the refractive index and the extinction coefficient are decreased with energy beam irradiation. By utilizing such an Si—O containing hydrogenated carbon film, it is possible to provide various types of optical elements and an optical device including the same.

Abstract: In an optical thin film of the present invention, a hydrogenated carbon film containing at least carbon and hydrogen as major components is formed on a substrate, and at least one protective layer including one of an oxide film, a nitride film, an oxynitride film, a fluoride film, and a film containing hydrogen and carbon as major components is superposed thereon.

Abstract: Practical diffractive optical elements are made available efficiently and at low-cost. A refractive-index-modulated diffractive optical element includes a transparent DLC (diamond-like carbon) film (2) formed on a transparent substrate (1), with the DLC film (2) containing a diffraction grating having local regions (2a) of a relatively high refractive index and local regions (2) of a relatively low refractive index. The DLC film (2) can readily be deposited by plasma CVD onto the substrate (1), and the high refractive-index regions (2a) within the DLC film can readily be formed by irradiating it with an energy beam (4) such as an ion beam.

Abstract: To provide a hydrogen-containing carbonaceous membrane having a novel property. For example, the hydrogen-containing carbonaceous membrane may be effectively prevented from delamination from a substrate. A hydrogen-containing carbonaceous membrane includes carbon and hydrogen. The membrane has a hydrogen content of more than 50 atomic percent and less than 65 atomic percent and a density of more than 1.3 g/cm3 and less than 1.5 g/cm3. Another hydrogen-containing carbonaceous membrane has a hydrogen content of more than 0 atomic percent and less than 50 atomic percent and a density of more than 1.4 g/cm3 and less than 1.9 g/cm3.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a plurality of photodiode regions arranged in an array, a non-transparent border region existing around each photodiode region, and a microlens array including a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array corresponding to the plurality of photodiode regions; wherein each microlens functions to converge incident light advancing straight toward the non-transparent border region around the corresponding photodiode region into that photodiode region, and the microlens array is formed using a transparent diamond-like carbon (DLC) film, the DLC film including a region where its refractive index is modulated corresponding to each microlens, and a light-converging effect being caused when light flux passes through the region where the refractive index was modulated.

Abstract: An optical device includes a transparent thin film containing silicon, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen as main components, wherein the film includes local regions of a relatively high refractive index and local regions of a relatively low refractive index.

Abstract: A hologram color filter diffraction-separates an incident lightwave using a hologram to project thus separated lightwaves having different-wavelengths at intended positions with a specified spatial period. The hologram color filter comprises a light-transmitting substrate (21) and a light-transmitting diamond-like-carbon (DLC) film (22) formed on the substrate. In the DLC film, a relatively-low-refractive-index belt-shaped region (n1, 22a) and a relatively-high-refractive-index belt-shaped region (n2, 22b) are placed alternately.

Abstract: An apparatus and a program detect an error state of FSM coverage measurement, and shorten the checking time. The program for use in the FSM coverage measurement based on the language-described logical circuit and test bench is used to direct a computer to perform: a function of extracting an FSM configuration from the language description and the design information generated based on the language description; an extracting function of expanding the hierarchical levels of modules in the range of performing trace back from a variable as input of the FSM to output of a flip-flop or external input of a top module, and extracting FSM input logic between the hierarchical levels in response to the input of a module; and a detecting function of detecting whether or not there is a state that is never reached or a transition that never occurs by an arithmetic result based on the logic having exclusivity detected in the FSM input logic and FSM transition logic.

Abstract: A method of verifying a circuit for use in an apparatus for verifying a circuit operation indicated by circuit information, the circuit including a plurality of logic circuits and at least one connection line between the logic circuits, the method includes: obtaining information of a plurality of pieces of asynchronous circuits from the circuit information; determining information of asynchronous circuits of a first type and a second type stored in a library; extracting information of an asynchronous circuit of a third type including the asynchronous circuits of the first type and the second type; and extracting verification information associated with the information of the asynchronous circuit of the third type, for verifying the circuit.

Abstract: To provide an optical information-recording medium that can easily record information at high density and has excellent durability at low cost. The optical information-recording medium includes a diamond-like carbon (DLC) layer (2) deposited on a substrate (1), in which information is recorded on the optical information-recording medium by irradiating recording spot regions selected from a plurality of recording spot regions with an energy beam (5) to increase the refractive index of the DLC layer (2) in the irradiated recording spot regions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a holographic screen having high durability and high diffraction efficiency due to a modulated refractive index structure having a large refractive index change ?n. The holographic screen includes a diamond-like carbon (DLC) layer (22). The DLC layer has a modulated refractive index structure including a plurality of regions with a relatively high refractive index (n1) and a plurality of regions with a relatively low refractive index (n2) such that light projected from a projector onto the screen is deflected in the direction toward a observer and light coming from an object behind the screen is allowed to pass through the screen to travel toward the observer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a DLC film that functions as an optical element and that can easily be miniaturized or integrated, and a method for forming the DLC film. A DLC film that has a refractive index varying continuously in at least one width direction from the center O of the DLC film. More specifically, a DLC film in which the refractive index decreases continuously in at least one width direction from the center O of the DLC film, and thereby the DLC film functions as a convex lens. A DLC film in which the refractive index increases continuously in at least one width direction from the center of the DLC film, and thereby the DLC film functions as a concave lens. A DLC film that has a refractive index varying continuously in the thickness direction.

Abstract: A verification apparatus that verifies whether a reference circuit and an implemented circuit are logically equivalent deletes, respectively therefrom, all buffers and an even number of inverters between flip-flops. On each of the circuits, the apparatus further deletes and merges a flip-flop to another flip-flop that is logically equivalent. The name of the deleted flip-flip is added to the name of the flip-flop to which it is merged. The apparatus compares all of the names of the flip-flops and pairs the flip-flops by name. From the input pin of each of the paired flip-flops, logic cones are defined and using these logic cones, comparison of and verification between the reference circuit and the implemented circuit is performed.

Abstract: A design data management program directs a computer to perform a procedure of converting design data generated at a designing side to a data format applicable to a production side and transmitting the data to the production side, and a procedure of converting the data to data described in a predetermined language and storing the data in the storage device when a notification of a change of the design data is received from the production side.

Abstract: A hologram color filter diffraction-separates an incident lightwave using a hologram to project thus separated lightwaves having different-wavelengths at intended positions with a specified spatial period. The hologram color filter comprises a light-transmitting substrate (21) and a light-transmitting diamond-like-carbon (DLC) film (22) formed on the substrate. In the DLC film, a relatively-low-refractive-index belt-shaped region (n1, 22a) and a relatively-high-refractive-index belt-shaped region (n2, 22b) are placed alternately.

Abstract: A transmission-type display panel according to the present invention includes a plurality of transparency control regions arranged in an array, a non-transparent border region existing around each of the transparency control regions, and a microlens array including a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array so as to correspond to the plurality of transparency control regions. Each of the microlenses serves to converge incident light, which is about to advance straight to the non-transparent border region, into corresponding one of the transparency control regions. The microlens array is formed by use of a transparent diamond-like carbon (DLC) film. The DLC film includes a region having its refractive index modulated corresponding to each of the microlenses, and produces a light convergence effect when light flux passes through the region having its refractive index modulated. By applying the microlens array in the DLC film to a transmission-type display panel (e.g.