Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided which has a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, in which liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned with respect to the substrates when no voltage is applied between the substrates and the liquid crystal molecules tilt in a plurality of directions to be almost parallel to the substrates by applying a voltage between the substrates. In the liquid crystal layer, when the voltage is applied, a proportion of a region where the liquid crystal molecules tilt in a direction of 0 degrees to 180 degrees is different from a proportion of a region where the liquid crystal molecules tilt in a direction of 180 degrees to 360 degrees with the angle being defined counterclockwise with the right direction on a screen being 0 degrees.

Abstract: AC voltage of rectangular wave is applied between a pixel electrode 25A and a common electrode 23A, and the amplitude Vac of the AC voltage component and the DC voltage component Vdc thereof are changed to measure the range of optimal DC component variation &Dgr;Vdc and determine a structure or material of a liquid crystal display device so as to lower &Dgr;Vdc less than a given value, wherein &Dgr;Vdc=|Vdcb−Vdcw|, Vdcb is the value of Vdc at which the range of transmittance variation is the minimum with Vac being fixed at a value for displaying black (2V), and Vdcw is the value of Vdc at which the range of transmittance variation is the minimum with Vac being fixed at a value for displaying white (7 V). Thickness of an insulating layer 26A on the pixel electrode 25A and on the common electrode 23A are the same. Electrode crossover portions are made to be in axial symmetry. The top surface of each stripe electrode of a pixel electrode has convex shape in cross section.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal display unit, a plurality of data driving units which provide image data to said liquid crystal display unit, and a control unit which enables said plurality of data driving units to take in the image data simultaneously if the image data to be provided to said data driving units are identical.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device in which a pair of substrates having electrodes face each other, and liquid crystal is sealed between the substrates. The liquid crystal display device includes a insulating layer that varies electric field orientations in a pixel region when a voltage is applied between the pair of substrates.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display which exhibits preferable viewing angle characteristics even in a diagonal viewing angle. Optical retardation films of a first type that satisfy nx>ny, nz and optical retardation films of a second type that satisfy nx≡ny>nz are used, and a setting is made to satisfy Rp−t=2×(−0.08×RLC+58 nm+&agr;) (&agr;=±30 nm) and Rt−t=(1.05±0.05)×RLC−47 nm+&bgr;(−100 nm≦&bgr;≦47 nm) where &Dgr;nd represents a retardation RLC in the liquid crystal display; Rp−t represents the sum of retardations Rp in in-plane directions of a plurality of optical retardation films; and Rt−t represents the sum of retardations Rt in the direction of the thickness of the plurality of optical retardation films.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a vertically aligned liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second substrates. A first group of electrodes are formed on the first substrate, and a second group of electrodes are formed on the second substrate at staggered positions with respect to the first electrodes, the electrodes extending in the form of linearly elongated strips in a direction parallel to the substrate surfaces. A liquid crystal display apparatus of a transverse electric field drive type is thus provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a vertically aligned liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second substrates. A first group of electrodes are formed on the first substrate, and a second group of electrodes are formed on the second substrate at staggered positions with respect to the first electrodes, the electrodes extending in the form of linearly elongated strips in a direction parallel to the substrate surfaces. A liquid crystal display apparatus of a transverse electric field drive type is thus provided.

Abstract: The liquid crystalline material of the present invention comprises a compound represented by the following structural formula (1), compounds represented by the structural formulas (1) and (2), compounds represented by the structural formulas (1) and (3), or compounds represented by the structural formulas (1), (2) and (3) in an amount of 90% by weight or more of the total amount of liquid crystalline components contained therein: ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, A represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or direct bond (--) without --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, and B represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or direct bond (--) without --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --. Further, under the above conditions, the components are blended so that the nematic-isotropic transition temperature of the liquid crystalline material can be 55.degree. C. to 75.degree. C.

Abstract: The liquid crystalline material of the present invention comprises a compound represented by the following structural formula (1), compounds represented by the structural formulas (1) and (2), compounds represented by the structural formulas (1) and (3), or compounds represented by the structural formulas (1), (2) and (3) in an amount of 90% by weight or more of the total amount of liquid crystalline components contained therein: ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, A represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or direct bond (--) without --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, and B represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or direct bond (--) without --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --. Further, under the above conditions, the components are blended so that the nematic-isotropic transition temperature of the liquid crystalline material can be 55.degree. C. to 75.degree. C.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display panel comprises a first substrate having a plurality of active devices, a plurality of scanning bus lines, a plurality of data bus lines, and a plurality of pixel electrodes, a second substrate having opposed electrodes on its surface opposing to the first substrate, a first shielding film formed on top of the active devices and between the pixel electrodes on the first substrate, a second shielding film formed in at least areas opposing to semiconductor regions of the active devices on the second substrate, and liquid crystals sealed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: An element division liquid crystal display device with a liquid crystal inserted between first and second plates having alignment films, respectively. The alignment film of at least the first plate includes a single layer of alignment material having a plurality of first and second adjacent domains A and B and is continuously rubbed in one direction through first and second minute domains A and B. A further treatment, different from a rubbing treatment, is effected to the single alignment layer so that a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal contacting the alignment layer at one of the first and second domains is different from the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal contacting the alignment layer at the other domain. The further treatment includes one of the steps of irradiating with UV light, changing the chemical components of the material of the alignment layer, heating or changing the precuring process.

Abstract: The liquid crystalline material of the present invention comprises a compound represented by the following structural formula (1), compounds represented by the structural formulas (1) and (2), compounds represented by the structural formulas (1) and (3), or compounds represented by the structural formulas (1), (2) and (3) in an amount of 90% by weight or more of the total amount of liquid crystalline components contained therein: ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, A represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or direct bond (--) without --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, and B represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or direct bond (--) without --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --. Further, under the above conditions, the components are blended so that the nematic-isotropic transition temperature of the liquid crystalline material can be 55.degree. C. to 75.degree. C.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display panel which has improved viewing angle characteristics, is free from deterioration of a liquid crystal, enables the alignment division to be easily and ensurely carried out and has a simple structure. The liquid crystal display panel is constructed so that substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal therebetween each have an alignment film at their inner walls, at least one of the alignment films comprises a layer of a particular polyimide film material capable of inducing a change in surface energy upon the action of light or heat energy, the alignment film comprises an assembly of two adjacent minute domains and has been continuously rubbed in one direction along the minute domains and the two minute domains are different from each other in pretilt angle (defined as an angle at which liquid crystalline molecules rise from the surface of the substrate).