Abstract: To provide a laminate excellent in stretchability and solvent resistance. A laminate comprising a base film and a clear layer, wherein the clear layer is a layer formed by curing a composition containing a fluorinated polymer having hydroxy or carboxy groups, a non-fluorinated polymer, and a curing agent having functional groups that react with the hydroxy or carboxy groups, and the hydroxy value or acid value of the fluorinated polymer is at least 20 mgKOH/g, and the content of the fluorinated polymer is at most 30 mass % to the total content of the fluorinated polymer and the non-fluorinated polymer.

Abstract: To provide a coating composition for back coating, by which, in a solar heat-collecting reflector, a cured coating film layer excellent in durability such as heat resistance or water resistance and excellent in weather resistance, scratch resistance and impact resistance, can be formed, and a solar heat-collecting reflector having such a cured coating film layer. A coating composition for back coating to be used for the production of a solar heat-collecting reflector, which comprises a fluoropolymer (A) having units (A1) derived from a fluoroolefin and units (A2) having a crosslinkable group. A solar heat-collecting reflector having a cured coating film layer formed by the coating composition.

Abstract: To provide a coating composition for back coating, by which, in a solar heat-collecting reflector, a cured coating film layer excellent in durability such as heat resistance or water resistance and excellent in weather resistance, scratch resistance and impact resistance, can be formed, and a solar heat-collecting reflector having such a cured coating film layer. A coating composition for back coating to be used for the production of a solar heat-collecting reflector, which comprises a fluoropolymer (A) having units (A1) derived from a fluoroolefin and units (A2) having a crosslinkable group. A solar heat-collecting reflector having a cured coating film layer formed by the coating composition.

Abstract: It's object is to provide a (meth)acrylate compound excellent in photocurability, a curable composition comprising the compound and excellent in all of pattern accuracy, peelability, surface hardness, elasticity recovery and solvent resistance, an optical nanoimprint composition and a cured product of the curable composition and a method for producing it, especially to provide a composition favorable for a permanent film for flat panel displays, etc. A (meth)acrylate compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 represents a substituent having carbon atoms of 2 to 6 and having a carbon-carbon double bond, X represents an organic group having carbon atoms of 1 to 10, m and n each are an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a coating composition for surface coating capable of forming a cured coating film layer that protects a reflective substrate of a solar heat-collecting reflective plate and that is excellent in the impact resistance and the weather resistance such as the heat resistance and the water resistance, as well as a solar heat-collecting reflective plate having such a cured coating film layer, and a process for its production. A coating composition for surface coating to be used for the production of a solar heat-collecting reflective plate having a reflective substrate made of metal, which comprises a fluoropolymer (A) having units (A1) derived from a fluoroolefin and units (A2) having a crosslinkable group. Further, a solar heat-collecting reflective plate having a cured coating film layer formed from the coating composition for surface coating, and a process for its production.

Abstract: To provide a lightweight and highly productive backsheet for a solar cell module, wherein a cured coating film layer of a fluoropolymer coating material formed on one or each side of a substrate sheet is free from problems such as cracking, fracturing, whitening and separation. A back sheet for a solar cell, comprising a substrate sheet and a cured coating film layer of a coating material formed on one side or each side of the substrate sheet, said coating material comprising a fluoropolymer (A) having repeating units based on a fluoroolefin (a), repeating units based on a crosslinkable group-containing monomer (b) and repeating units based on an alkyl group-containing monomer (c) wherein a C2-20 linear or branched alkyl group having no quaternary carbon atom, and a polymerizable unsaturated group are linked to each other by an ether bond or ester bond; and a solar cell module using such a backsheet.

Abstract: It's object is to provide a (meth)acrylate compound excellent in photocurability, a curable composition comprising the compound and excellent in all of pattern accuracy, peelability, surface hardness, elasticity recovery and solvent resistance, an optical nanoimprint composition and a cured product of the curable composition and a method for producing it, especially to provide a composition favorable for a permanent film for flat panel displays, etc. A (meth)acrylate compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 represents a substituent having carbon atoms of 2 to 6 and having a carbon-carbon double bond, X represents an organic group having carbon atoms of 1 to 10, m and n each are an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: A curable composition for photoimprints comprising a photopolymerizable monomer, a polymerization initiator and a compound of the following formula (1), wherein the content of compounds having a molecular weight of at least 1000 is at most 10% by mass of all the solid content therein, and the content of the compound of the formula (1) is from 0.3 to 10.0% by mass of all the solid content therein: wherein Z represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group; R1 and R2 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; R3 and R4 represent a methyl group, an ethyl group, a methoxy group or an ethoxy group; and R5 represents a methoxy group or an ethoxy group.

Abstract: A curable composition for photoimprints containing a photopolymerizable monomer and a photopolymerization initiator, wherein the proportion of the compound having a molecular weight of at most 190 in the composition is at most 20% by mass, and the viscosity of the composition is from 3 to 50 mPa·s at 25° C., is excellent in patterning accuracy.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition having an extremely constant photosensitivity distribution relative to an exposure light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 410 nm, and excelling in pattern reproductivity, suppressing variations in pattern formation; a pattern forming material and a photosensitive laminate with the photosensitive composition laminated thereon; and a pattern forming apparatus and a pattern forming process. The photosensitive composition contains a binder, a polymerizable compound, and a photopolymerization initiator; the photosensitive composition has a maximum spectral sensitivity in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 420 nm; the minimum exposure dose S400 capable of forming a pattern at a wavelength of 400 nm of the photosensitive composition is 300 mJ/cm2 or less; the minimum exposure dose S410 capable of forming a pattern at a wavelength of 410 nm of the photosensitive composition is 300 mJ/cm2 or less; and S400 and S410 satisfy the relation 0.6<S400/S410<1.6.

Abstract: The invention provides a colored photosensitive resin composition for forming a colored image on a transparent substrate, the colored photosensitive resin composition comprising: an alkali-soluble binder, one of a monomer and an oligomer having at least two ethylenic unsaturated double bonds, one of a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization initiating system, and a pigment, said alkali-soluble binder comprising a copolymer including a structural unit having a carboxyl group, a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1), and a structural unit comprising a (meth)acrylate having at least one of an aromatic ring and an alicyclic ring: wherein R1 represents one of a hydrogen atom and a methyl group; and each of R2 to R6 independently represents one of a hydrogen atom, a substituted and unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted and unsubstituted aryl group, a halogen atom and a cyano group.

Abstract: The invention provides a colored photosensitive resin composition for forming a colored image on a transparent substrate, the colored photosensitive resin composition comprising: an alkali-soluble binder, one of a monomer and an oligomer having at least two ethylenic unsaturated double bonds, one of a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization initiating system, and a pigment, said alkali-soluble binder comprising a copolymer including a structural unit having a carboxyl group, a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1), and a structural unit comprising a (meth)acrylate having at least one of an aromatic ring and an alicyclic ring:

Abstract: A photomask material comprising a transmissive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on a temporary substrate laminated on the transmissive substrate with the photosensitive layer faced to the transmissive substrate and a process of manufacturing a photomask from the photomask material is disclosed. The photosensitive layer is made of a composition comprising at least an alkali-soluble resin binder having a polymerizable unsaturated bond, a monomer having at least one polymerizable unsaturated bond, an photopolymerization initiator sensitive to light of a wavelength longer than 405 nm and a colorant surface-treated with a polymerizable dispersant.

Abstract: A photosensitive element comprising a temporary support having thereon an aqueous resin layer which contains at least one kind of fine particles having an average particle size or agglomerated particle size of 1 to 10 .mu.m. The fine particles impart a roughened surface to the aqueous resin layer. Furthermore, a photosensitive insulating resin layer is provided on the aqueous resin layer. Also disclosed is an insulating resin image having a roughened surface which is prepared by a process comprising the steps of providing the above-described photosensitive element, laminating the photosensitive element on an insulating substrate, and pattern exposing and developing the photosensitive insulating resin layer.

Abstract: A method for treating an outdoor article, wherein a surface treating agent comprising a medium (B) containing a tetraalkoxysilane or a silane compound having a silanol group obtained by hydrolyzing an oligomer of such a tetraalkoxy silane (A), wherein the content of (A) is from 0.01 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of (B), is used, and a thin film is formed by treating a hydrophobic synthetic resin coating film surface of the outdoor article with such a surface treating agent. It is thereby possible to prevent formation of a streak soils which are likely to form at a portion where rain water collects and runs down, such as below a window frame of a building.

Abstract: A photosensitive sheet is composed of a plastic film, a subbing layer for nonelectrolytic plating provided thereon consisting of a hydrophilic resin having swelling property and fine particles of a metal or a metallic compound, a nonelectrolytically plated layer provided on the subbing layer and the photoresist layer provided on the nonelectrolytically plated layer. A metal pattern is performed by the steps of: exposing patternwise to light the photoresist layer of the photosensitive sheet, developing the exposed photoresist layer to form a resist pattern on the nonelectrolytically plated layer; forming an electrolytically plated layer on the nonelectrolytically plated layer in the area having no resist; superposing the photosensitive sheet on a substrate; and separating the plastic film from the substrate, keeping both the resist pattern and the electrolytically plated layer on the substrate, to form a metal pattern on the substrate.

Abstract: A black matrix for a color filter and method for forming the same which is safe inexpensive and provides good shielding performance and a low reflectance, and which is suitable for a paneling process. The black matrix is formed on a transparent substrate, and comprises a pattern of a resin composition containing a black pigment, physical development nuclei and a metal deposited on the physical development nuclei by physical development. The patterned resin composition is prepared from a photosensitive aqueous resin composition containing at least one black pigment.

Abstract: A safe and low cost process for forming a black matrix for a color filter, which process provides high light screening properties and is suitable for panel processing. The process comprises the steps of providing a transparent substrate having provided thereon an aqueous resin layer containing physical development nuclei; supplying a developer for physical development on the aqueous resin layer; superposing a donor sheet containing a metallic compound comprising metal ions on the aqueous resin layer via the developer for physical development; and precipitating a metal of the metallic compound in the aqueous resin layer by physical development. Furthermore, the aqueous resin layer may or may not be patterned.

Abstract: A resin composition for coating comprising a functional group-containing fluoropolymer (a), a curing agent (b) capable of crosslinking the functional group-containing fluoropolymer (a), and an oligomer (c) of a tetrafunctional hydrolyzable silane compound.It is thereby possible to prevent formation of streak soils which form at a portion where rain water collects and runs down, such as below a window frame of a building.

Abstract: An analogical reasoning device comprises a knowledge base to store a group of knowledge data described in non-logic symbols and divided into more than one domains according to a certain division standard, an analogy detector to compare the knowledge data in one domain with the those in other domains stored in the knowledge base and determine similar domains containing the knowledge data which can be made identical by replacing a part of the non-logic symbols and an analogical reasoning unit to make analogy for a new knowledge data for the domains determined similar by the analogy detector.