Abstract: A process for producing a cell for liquid crystal display device is disclosed which comprises the steps of providing an adhesive which contains spherical or rod-like spacers on at least one of display areas of two transparent substrates having provided on each of the surfaces thereof a transparent electrode and an alignment layer, in a dot-like or stripe-like pattern by letterpress printing, and bonding the substrate thus printed to another transparent substrate facing each other.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprising a fluoroolefin polymer containing at least 10% by weight of fluorine based on the fluoroolefin unit, being soluble in a solvent and having curable reactive sites, and a curing agent, wherein a polyfluorocarbon chain-containing compound having a functional group reactive with the fluoroolefin polymer and/or the curing agent, is incorporated said composition being useful for the formation of a coating film of excellent water and oil repellency, and stain-proof properties.

Abstract: A liquid crystal optical element comprising a polymeric liquid crystal composition is disclosed, wherein the composition contains at least one compound selected from adamantane, an adamantane derivative, terphenyl, and a terphenyl derivative in an amount of from 0.01 to 15% by weight based on a polymeric liquid crystal. The optical element exhibits uniform vertical orientation.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising a fluorine-containing copolymer containing at least 10% by weight of fluorine based on fluoroolefin units, being soluble in a solvent and having curable reactive sites, and a polyfunctional organic silicon compound having at least one isocyanate group directly bonded to a silicon atom.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element and a process for producing the same is disclosed. The liquid crystal display is composed of liquid crystals filled in a matrix comprising at least two high polymers having neither mutual compatibility nor substantial compatibility with the liquid crystals, said matrix being sandwiched between two transparent electrode bases. The display element is produced by applying a solution of the liquid crystals and the aforesaid high polymers in a common solvent onto a transparent electrode base, drying the solution to cause phase separation, and laminating another transparent electrode base on the dry film. The display element provides a wide display area with bright contrast and achieves orientation of liquid crystals with a low applied voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal optical element for use in information recording media and displays, which is composed of a polymeric liquid crystal and from 0.01% to 10% by weight, on the basis of the polymeric liquid crystal, of a biphenyl or biphenyl derivative of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X and Y each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an oxyalkyl group, a halogen atom, a nitrile group, or a nitro group. By the addition of the biphenyl or biphenyl derivative, the orientation of the polymeric liquid crystal is improved.

Abstract: A process for producing a highly uniaxially oriented film is disclosed, comprising supporting a composition comprising two or more liquid crystal monomers displaying a nematic or smectic state and having a polymerizable functional group in the molecule thereof and a photopolymerization initiator on or between a support or supports having been subjected to orientation, and irradiating said composition with radiation while maintaining said composition in a liquid crystal state to cause polymerization of said composition. The resulting film is free from pinholes, strain or unevenness and is excellent in optical transparency.

Abstract: A curable resin composition which comprises a synthetic resin and a polymerizable compound as the essential constituents, characterized in that said synthetic resin is a fluorine-containing polymer which has 10% by weight or more of fluorine atoms and is soluble in said polymerizable compound or a mixture of said polymerizable compound and a volatile solvent to be added to said compound depending on necessity, and that said polymerizable compound contains therein unsaturated bonds or epoxy group.

Abstract: A water-proof support of photographic paper comprising a substrate and a white pigment-containing resin layer provided on at least one surface of the substrate, in which the resin layer comprises a white pigment dispersed in a polymer binder made by polymerization of a unsaturated compound containing a tetraacrylate ester of pentaerythrithol alkylene oxide adduct. An adhesive layer may be provided between the substrate and the white pigment-containing resin layer.

Abstract: A photographic paper support having superior moisture resistance and graphic properties is provided. The support has formed on its back surface a graphic property-imparting layer. The layer is composed of (a) an inorganic pigment having a number average particle diameter of from 0.2 to 2.0 microns and an oil absorbing degree of not more than 100 cc/100 g and (b) a resin cured by irradiation with electron beams.

Abstract: A process for producing a support for photographic paper is described, having a layer hardened by irradiation with electron beams on at least one surface of the paper support, comprising coating a mixture of an organic compound capable of being hardened by irradiation with electron beams and a white pigment on a shaping face, hardening the layer by irradiation with electron beams in that state, adhering the resulting coated layer to a base paper by an adhesive, and then peeling off the base paper having the coated hardened layer from the shaping face.A support for photographic paper is produced by the process. The support has superior properties with respect to the surface configuration and good whiteness.

Abstract: A support for photographic paper is described, which comprises a sheet of paper coated with a composition comprising an unsaturated bond-containing electron beam-polymerizable organic compound and an inorganic white pigment that is subjected to electron beam irradiation for curing, wherein said unsaturated bond-containing organic compound (A) and said inorganic white pigment (B) are present in a weight ratio (A)/(B) of from 3/1 to 1/9, and said unsaturated bond-containing organic compound comprises an unsaturated organic compound (C) containing two carbon-to-carbon double bonds per molecule and an unsaturated organic compound (D) containing three carbon-to-carbon double bonds per molecule, and the weight ratio (C)/(D) is from 49/51 to 1/99.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprising a cured matrix-forming component and an ultraviolet absorber, characterized in that said ultraviolet absorber comprises a benzophenone derivative represented by the formula: ##STR1## where each of X and X' is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, provided that at least one of X and X' is a hydroxyl group, each of Y and Y' is a hydrogen, a hydroxyl group, --OROH or --OR', provided that at least one of Y and Y' is --OROH, where R is an alkylene group and R' is a monovalent organic group, and said cured matrix-forming component is reactive with a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A process for producing supports for a photographic paper which comprises applying a layer of a composition containing an unsaturated organic compound capable of being polymerized or hardened upon irradiation with electron beams and an inorganic white pigment to a support, irradiating the layer with a first irradiation with electron beams to imcompletely harden the unsaturated organic compound, pressing the incompletely hardened layer against the surface of a roll to transfer the surface configuration of the roll to the layer, and then further irradiating the layer with a second irradiation with electron beams to more fully harden the unsaturated organic compound in the layer.