Abstract: A light-emitting apparatus composed of a light source that emits primary light and a phosphor that absorbs the primary light and emits secondary light offers high brightness, low power consumption, and a long lifetime while minimizing adverse effects on the environment. The phosphor is formed of a III-V group semiconductor in the form of fine-particle crystals each having a volume of 2 800 nm3 or less. The light emitted from the fine-particle crystals depends on their volume, and therefore giving the fine-particle crystals a predetermined volume distribution makes it possible to adjust the wavelength range of the secondary light.

Abstract: As a wavelength conversion crystal whose double refraction index is controllable, a crystal represented by a formula (I), M1xM21−xCa4O(BL3)3, where each of M1 and M2 represents one or more types of different rare earth elements and 0<x<1, is used, and as a novel means for second harmonics generation, a nonlinear optical crystal represented by a formula (II), GdxY1−xCa4O(BO3)3, where 0.01≦x≦0.35, is used to generate second harmonics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cesium-lithium-borate crystal, which can be used as a high-performance wavelength converting crystal, having a chemical composition expressed as CsLiB6O10, and substituted cesium-lithium-borate crystals expressed by the following formula:

Abstract: The present invention provides a cesium-lithium-borate crystal, which can be used as a high-performance wavelength converting crystal, having a chemical composition expressed as CsLiB6O10, and substituted cesium-lithium-borate crystals expressed by the following formula:

Abstract: The present invention provides a cesium-lithium-borate crystal, which can be used as a high-performance wavelength converting crystal, having a chemical composition expressed as CsLiB6O10, and substituted cesium-lithium-borate crystals expressed by the following formula: Cs1−xLi1−yMx+yB6O10 or Cs2(1−z)Li2LzB12O20 (where, M is an alkali metal element, and L is an alkali earth metal element); a method for manufacturing same by heating and melting; and an optical apparatus using such crystals

Abstract: A cesium-lithium borate crystal, of which the chemical composition is expressed by any of the following formulae:Cs.sub.1-x Li.sub.1-y M.sub.x+y B.sub.6 O.sub.10,andCs.sub.2(1-z) Li.sub.2 L.sub.z B.sub.12 O.sub.20(where, M is an alkali metal element, and L is an alkali earth element), and in which an exotic element is doped or annealed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to single crystals of CsB.sub.3 O.sub.5 having large dimension and high quality which can be grown by pulling methods. The single crystals of CsB.sub.3 O.sub.5 are useful as NLO materials. The NLO devices made of CsB.sub.3 O.sub.5 single crystals can be used in a laser system of high power density and relatively large divergence and posses a character of high SHG conversion efficiency. Moreover, the NLO devices of the present invention are capable of producing coherent harmonics of wavelength as short as 170 nm and tolerating larger processing error of crystals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to single crystals of CsB.sub.3 O.sub.5 having large dimension and high quality which can be grown by pulling methods. The single crystals of CsB.sub.3 O.sub.5 are useful as NLO materials. The NLO devices made of CsB.sub.3 O.sub.5 single crystals can be used in a laser system of high power density and relatively large divergence and posses a character of high SHG conversion efficiency. Moreover, the NLO devices of the present invention are capable of producing coherent harmonics of wavelength as short as 170 nm and tolerating larger processing error of crystals.

Abstract: A solution of material for the desired crystal is filled in a growth tank having two ion-exchange membranes which define a crystal growth vessel between them and two side vessels on opposite sides of the crystal growth vessel, and the growth tank is placed in an outer tank while filling a fluid therebetween. During electrodialysis in the growth tank, the crystal growth vessel solution temperature T.sub.c, the side vessel solution temperature T.sub.o, and the fluid temperature T.sub.w between the tanks are controlled so as to keep the conditions of T.sub.o >T.sub.c >T.sub.w.