Abstract: A polarizing plate used in a vertical alignment mode liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal cell is disclosed, wherein the polarizing plate comprises a polarizing film and a mixed fatty acid cellulose ester film with optical biaxiality provided between the polarizing film and the liquid crystal cell, and wherein the mixed fatty acid cellulose ester film has a retardation in plane R0 of from 31 to 120 nm, and a retardation in the thickness direction Rt of from 60 to 300 nm, in which R0 is represented by the following formula (1) and Rt is represented by the following formula (2):

Abstract: A film for a liquid crystal display comprising a fatty acid cellulose ester film having an acetyl group and a propionyl group is disclosed. Sum of degree of acetyl substitution (DSac) and degree of propionyl substitution (DSpr) of the fatty acid cellulose ester film of the film is 2.8 or less, and a retardation value (Rt value) in the thickness direction defined by Formula 1 is 60 to 300 nm.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a cellulose ester film satisfying the relationships, Nx>Ny>Nz, and 0.8≦Rt/R0≦3.5, the method comprising casting a cellulose ester dope containing a solvent of a good solvent and a poor solvent on a support to form a web; peeling the web from the support; transporting the peeled web (step D0); holding the edges in the transverse direction of the web (step A); stretching the resulting web in the transverse direction while applying a tension; reducing the tension in the transverse direction of the web; and drying the stretched web, wherein the residual solvent content of the web is 5 to 90% by weight at the beginning in the step A, and the residual poor solvent content in the residual solvent content of the web is from 15 to 95% by weight at the terminal point in the Step D0.

Abstract: A film for a liquid crystal display comprising a fatty acid cellulose ester film having an acetyl group and a propionyl group is disclosed. The sum of degree of acetyl substitution (DSac) and degree of propionyl substitution (DSpr) of the fatty acid cellulose ester film of the film is 2.8 of less, and a retardation value (Rt value) in the thickness direction defined by Formula 1 is 60 to 300 nm.

Abstract: An optical compensation film used for a liquid crystal display comprising a support and an optically anisotropic layer is disclosed. The optically anisotropic layer is a layer on which orientation of the liquid crystalline compound is fixed and the support is an optically biaxial cellulose ester film. A polarizing plate used for a liquid crystal display and a liquid crystal display employing the optical compensation film are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparing a solution of cellulose acylate is disclosed. The method comprises comprising the steps of (1) chilling an organic solvent containing no chlorinated organic solvent at a temperature of from −100° C. to −10° C., (2) mixing cellulose acylate containing an alkali-earth metal compound in an amount of from 10 ppm to 100 ppm with said chilled organic solvent to form a mixture, (3) swelling the cellulose acylate in the mixture, and (4) dissolving the mixture containing the swollen cellulose acylate by heating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a film constituted of a polyester, said film having a degree of roll set curl of not higher than 135 m.sup.-1 after being subjected to heat treatment, and having a degree of recovery curl of not higher than 45 m.sup.-1 after being subjected to hot water bath treatment.

Abstract: A support for photographic use comprised of at least two polyester layers is disclosed, which comprises a first layer containing a first polyester and a second layer containing a second polyester adjacent to the first layer, the first polyester comprising a first monomer unit from a polyalkylene glycol and a second monomer unit from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid having a metal sulfonate group, wherein the difference between the second monomer unit content of the first polyester and that of the second polyester, .DELTA.SIP is not more than 5.5 mol %, the second monomer unit content being expressed based on the total content of monomer units from dicarboxylic acids contained in the polymer.

Abstract: A package of photographic light-sensitive film is disclosed. The package comprises a cartridge enclosing a spool and a stripe of a photographic light-sensitive film rolled up on said spool, in which the cross sectional area of the cartridge is not larger than 370 mm.sup.2, and the cross sectional area of the spool is not larger than 95 mm.sup.2. The free space ratio V in the cartridge calculated by the following equations is not more than 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a support for a photographic material which comprises a multilayer film in which a layer of a copolymerized polyester is laminated on at least one surface of a polyester layer, wherein the copolymerized polyester contains an aromatic dicarboxylic acid having a metal sulfonate group as a copolymer component in an amount of 2 to 7 mole % based on all ester bond units and further a polyalkylene glycol as a copolymer component in an amount of 3 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of a polyester which is a reaction product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a film constituted of a polyester, said film having a degree of roll set curl of not higher than 135 m.sup.-1 after being subjected to heat treatment, and having a degree of recovery curl of not higher than 45 m.sup.-1 after being subjected to hot water bath treatment.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polyester film is disclosed which comprises a polyester film before completion of orienting crystalization and, provided thereon, a sublayer comprising a copolymer containing 70 to 99.5 wt % of vinylidene chloride, and an antistatic layer comprising an ionic polymer, in that order. A coating solution is coated on the polyester film to form the sublayer with a dry thickness of 1 to 20 g/m.sup.2. The total solid content of the coating solution is not less than 4 wt %, and the coating solution contains a latex of the copolymer with an average particle size of 0.05 to 0.3 .mu.m. Heat is applied at a temperature not less than 30.degree. higher than the melting point of the copolymer, and the antistatic layer is formed on the sublayer.