Abstract: A common electrode driver includes an inverting amplifier including a first resistor, a second resistor, and an operational amplifier, and a resistance ratio adjustment circuit that adjusts, in accordance with a length of one horizontal scan period, a resistance ratio being a ratio of a resistance value of the second resistor to a resistance value of the first resistor. A feedback voltage is provided to one end of the first resistor. The resistance ratio adjustment circuit sets the resistance ratio when second driving is performed, in which a length of one horizontal scan period is a second time longer than a first time, to be smaller than the resistance ratio when first driving is performed, in which a length of one horizontal scan period is the first time.

Abstract: Substrates that are bonding targets are bonded in ambient atmosphere via bonding films, including oxides, formed on bonding faces of the substrates. The bonding films, which are metal or semiconductor thin films formed by vacuum film deposition and at least the surfaces of which are oxidized, are formed into the respective smooth faces of two substrates having the smooth faces that serve as the bonding faces. The bonding films are exposed to a space that contains moisture, and the two substrates are overlapped in the ambient atmosphere such that the surfaces of the bonding films are made to be hydrophilic and the surfaces of the bonding films contact one another. Through this, a chemical bond is generated at the bonded interface, and thereby the two substrates are bonded together in the ambient atmosphere. The bonding strength ? can be improved by heating the bonded substrates at a temperature.

Abstract: To provide an epoxy resin composition exhibiting excellent low-dielectric properties, a polyvalent hydroxy resin and an epoxy resin that each provide such an epoxy resin composition, and a method for producing such a resin. A polyvalent hydroxy resin represented by the following general formula (1).

Abstract: Atomic diffusion bonding is carried out using a bonding film comprising a nitride formed at a bonding surface. Operating in a vacuum chamber, a bonding film comprising a nitride is formed on each of flat surfaces of two substrates that each have the flat surface, and, by overlapping the two substrates so the bonding films formed on the two substrates are in contact with each other, the two substrates are joined by the generation of atomic diffusion at a bonding interface between the bonding films.

Abstract: Substrates that are bonding targets are bonded in ambient atmosphere via bonding films, including oxides, formed on bonding faces of the substrates. The bonding films, which are metal or semiconductor thin films formed by vacuum film deposition and at least the surfaces of which are oxidized, are formed into the respective smooth faces of two substrates having the smooth faces that serve as the bonding faces. The bonding films are exposed to a space that contains moisture, and the two substrates are overlapped in the ambient atmosphere such that the surfaces of the bonding films are made to be hydrophilic and the surfaces of the bonding films contact one another. Through this, a chemical bond is generated at the bonded interface, and thereby the two substrates are bonded together in the ambient atmosphere. The bonding strength ? can be improved by heating the bonded substrates at a temperature.

Abstract: A bonded structure includes a first substrate; a second substrate placed opposite to the first substrate; an intermediate layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a first oxide thin film layered on the first substrate and a second oxide thin film layered on the second substrate; either or both of the first oxide thin film and the second oxide thin film of the intermediate layer being formed of oxide thin films having increased defects; and an interface between the first oxide thin film and the second oxide thin film=being bonded by chemical bonding, and the interface comprising a low-density portion whose density is lower than that of the two oxide thin films.

Abstract: A bonded structure includes a first substrate; a second substrate placed opposite to the first substrate; an intermediate layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a first oxide thin film layered on the first substrate and a second oxide thin film layered on the second substrate; either or both of the first oxide thin film and the second oxide thin film of the intermediate layer being formed of oxide thin films having increased defects; and an interface between the first oxide thin film and the second oxide thin film=being bonded by chemical bonding, and the interface comprising a low-density portion whose density is lower than that of the two oxide thin films.

Abstract: The present invention achieves chemical bonding by means of a joined film made of oxides formed on a joined surface. In a vacuum container, amorphous oxide thin films are respectively formed on smooth surfaces of two substrates, and the two substrates overlap such that the amorphous oxide thin films formed on the two substrates come into contact with each other, thereby causing chemical bonding involving an atomic diffusion at a joined interface between the amorphous oxide thin films to join the two substrates.

Abstract: A character recognition device is configured to convert characters on a scanned image obtained by reading a document into digital data. The character recognition device includes control circuitry. The control circuitry is configured to perform character recognition processing on the scanned image; generate data in which candidate characters or character strings of a character or character string recognized by the character recognition processing are associated with recognition degrees representing probabilities of the candidate characters or character strings; display a first candidate having a highest recognition degree among the candidate characters or character strings; and generate a document file in a format in which another candidate, other than the first candidate, of the candidate characters or character strings is displayed simultaneously with the first candidate, in association with the first candidate, and in a form different from a form of the first candidate.

Abstract: A system includes circuitry configured to embed a digital watermark data in an original image, wherein the original image is divided into a plurality of blocks each block having been embedded with a pattern corresponding to each value of the digital watermark data, store, in a memory, the original image, the digital watermark data embedded in the original image, and an embedding position of the pattern of the digital watermark data in association, detect a pattern in a scanned image of a printed matter, decode the detected pattern to acquire digital watermark data included in the scanned image, align each block between the original image and the scanned image, based on the embedding position of the pattern associated with the original image and a detection position of the pattern detected from the scanned image, and obtain a difference between the original image and the scanned image aligned with each other.

Abstract: A character recognition device is configured to convert characters on a scanned image obtained by reading a document into digital data. The character recognition device includes control circuitry. The control circuitry is configured to perform character recognition processing on the scanned image; generate data in which candidate characters or character strings of a character or character string recognized by the character recognition processing are associated with recognition degrees representing probabilities of the candidate characters or character strings; display a first candidate having a highest recognition degree among the candidate characters or character strings; and generate a document file in a format in which another candidate, other than the first candidate, of the candidate characters or character strings is displayed simultaneously with the first candidate, in association with the first candidate, and in a form different from a form of the first candidate.

Abstract: A system includes circuitry configured to embed a digital watermark data in an original image, wherein the original image is divided into a plurality of blocks each block having been embedded with a pattern corresponding to each value of the digital watermark data, store, in a memory, the original image, the digital watermark data embedded in the original image, and an embedding position of the pattern of the digital watermark data in association, detect a pattern in a scanned image of a printed matter, decode the detected pattern to acquire digital watermark data included in the scanned image, align each block between the original image and the scanned image, based on the embedding position of the pattern associated with the original image and a detection position of the pattern detected from the scanned image, and obtain a difference between the original image and the scanned image aligned with each other.

Abstract: An image processing device includes a processor. The processor extracts a target image including a document area from a scanned image of a plurality of documents laid on a reading surface; performs skew correction to the target image extracted; detects edges in an X-axis direction and a Y-axis direction from the target image after the skew correction; compares the edges with a frame line of a candidate size that is a candidate for a document size, to calculate a fitness of the candidate size; determines the candidate size for which a maximum fitness is calculated, as a cut out size; and cuts out an image of the cut out size determined, from the target image.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an atmospheric pressure value obtaining unit configured to obtain an atmospheric pressure value from an atmospheric pressure sensor; and a control unit configured to detect a variance state of the atmospheric pressure value obtained with the atmospheric pressure value obtaining unit. The control unit is further configured to control an on state and an off state of a power source of a GPS (Global Positioning System) device according to a determination whether the variance state satisfies a specific condition. The GPS device is configured to detect a position thereof based on a GPS signal received therewith and output positional information.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a self-position/self-orientation calculation unit calculating self-position and/or self-orientation in the predetermined coordinate system based on a marker in acquired imaged image data when it is determined that the marker exists within a predetermined area and the marker is imaged in the imaged image data and based on received position information and physical amounts measured by sensors for measuring the physical amounts to be used for autonomous navigation when the marker does not exist within the predetermined area or the marker is not imaged in the imaged image data.

Abstract: A flow line management apparatus includes a usage information acquisition unit configured to acquire usage information of an apparatus disposed at a predetermined position, a positional information acquisition unit configured to acquire positional information of a wireless terminal held by a user using the apparatus, and a flow line determining unit configured to determine a flow line when the user uses the apparatus based on the usage information acquired by the usage information acquisition unit and the positional information acquired by the positional information acquisition unit.

Abstract: An image forming device includes: an image acquisition unit that acquires an image including a marker used for an augmented reality process; an information acquisition unit that acquires first information which is embedded in the marker from the marker and is related to a size of the marker in a real world before the image is printed; a calculation unit that calculates, on the basis of the first information and a printing magnification of the image, the size of the marker in the real world after the image is printed; a replacement unit that replaces the first information embedded in the marker with second information related to the calculated size; and a printing unit that prints, at the printing magnification, the image including the marker in which the second information is embedded.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a self-position/self-orientation calculation unit calculating self-position and/or self-orientation in the predetermined coordinate system based on a marker in acquired imaged image data when it is determined that the marker exists within a predetermined area and the marker is imaged in the imaged image data and based on received position information and physical amounts measured by sensors for measuring the physical amounts to be used for autonomous navigation when the marker does not exist within the predetermined area or the marker is not imaged in the imaged image data.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an atmospheric pressure value obtaining unit configured to obtain an atmospheric pressure value from an atmospheric pressure sensor; and a control unit configured to detect a variance state of the atmospheric pressure value obtained with the atmospheric pressure value obtaining unit. The control unit is further configured to control an on state and an off state of a power source of a GPS (Global Positioning System) device according to a determination whether the variance state satisfies a specific condition. The GPS device is configured to detect a position thereof based on a GPS signal received therewith and output positional information.

Abstract: A flow line management apparatus includes a usage information acquisition unit configured to acquire usage information of an apparatus disposed at a predetermined position, a positional information acquisition unit configured to acquire positional information of a wireless terminal held by a user using the apparatus, and a flow line determining unit configured to determine a flow line when the user uses the apparatus based on the usage information acquired by the usage information acquisition unit and the positional information acquired by the positional information acquisition unit.