Abstract: A flattening method can flatly process a surface of a metal film as an interconnect material over the entire film surface at a sufficiently high processing rate even when the metal film has initial surface irregularities. The flattening method for processing and flattening a surface of a metal film formed on a workpiece and having initial surface irregularities, including: coating only recessed portions of the initial surface irregularities of the metal film with a solid or pasty coating material; and processing the surface of the metal film by electrolytic processing using no abrasive.

Abstract: To cushion an impact acting on bosses to prevent the same from being transmitted to a cabinet body, a television set having reinforced boss structure of a cabinet for fixation of a cathode ray tube has ribs formed with notches, with thin-walled portions, with curved portions, or gaps are formed between ribs and inner wall surfaces of the cabinet so that an impact acting on the bosses is absorbed.

Abstract: A macromolecular material composition which comprises a macromolecular material and a modifier which comprises a polyvinyl cyclohexane compound having hydroindane structure. The modifier improves melt flow characteristics, flexibility at a low temperature, and mechanical characteristics, such as bending modulus and bending strength, of the material, and do not bleed or give bad smell.

Abstract: A method for preparing a trimer of .alpha.-methyl styrene or derivatives thereof, wherein .alpha.-methyl styrene or derivatives thereof is added to an organic solvent comprising Lewis acid is provided. According to the method, the trimer of .alpha.-methyl styrene or derivatives thereof can be obtained in high yield.

Abstract: 1-pentene dimers of .alpha.-methylstyrenes are produced with high selectivity in good productivity by stirring 50 to 95 parts by weight of an .alpha.-methylstyrene in the presence of 50 to 5 parts by weight of an aqueous solution of a sulfonic acid, and a 1-pentene dimer having good preservative property is then collected by removing the sulfonic acid, adjusting the resulting reaction solution to pH 8 or higher and distilling the neutralized reaction solution.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hermetic sealing apparatus for two members rotating relative to each other includes placing an annular metal backup ring having an L-shaped cross section in a mold with a radially inward flange portion of the annular metal backup ring having a plurality of circumferentially spaced holes. The mold has a central core and the outer peripheral surface of the central core is provided with a spiral groove. A conical shaped PTFE resin material sheet for forming a second annular seal ring is placed in the mold. A rubber-like resilient material for forming a first annular seal ring is placed in the mold and subjected to pressure. The molding pressure deforms the second annular seal ring material so that it protrudes into the holes of the flange portion of the annular metal backup ring. This firmly secures and fixes the second annular seal ring between the first seal ring and the annular metal backup ring.

Abstract: A hermetically sealing apparatus comprises: a first seal ring made of a rubber-like resilient material and adapted to seal two members which rotate relative to each other; a second seal ring made of a resin and disposed adjacent to the first seal ring on the atmosphere side; and a backup ring secured to the first seal ring. The backup ring has a flange for clamping both the first and second seal rings. The flange is provided with a plurality of holes in such a manner that a portion of the second seal ring contacting the flange bites into the plurality of holes owing to a molding pressure of the first seal ring.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a sealing apparatus. A rubber-like elastic material for forming a rubber-like elastic material sealing lip and a resin material for forming a resin sealing lip are placed within a mold for manufacturing a sealing apparatus by effecting vulcanization forming. The mold is clamped with contents placed therein, and the contents are pressurized and heated. During this process, a surface of the resin material is pressed by the forming pressure of the fluidized rubber-like elastic material against a thread formed on an inner wall surface the mold, thereby forming a thread groove on that surface of the resin material pressed against the thread.

Abstract: A sealing apparatus has a main body which is mounted on a housing and is provided with a sealing lip, and a rotary body mounted on a rotary shaft of a member with which the apparatus is combined. The rotary body extends in the radial direction of the rotary shaft and has one side surface which is in sliding contact with the sealing lip. The apparatus also has at least one projection member provided on that side surface of the rotary body on the radially outer side thereof.