Abstract: A duplex stainless steel has reduced precipitation risks of Al nitride and Cr nitride which are undesirable precipitates, and has superior low temperature toughness. The duplex stainless steel has in mass %, indicated as “%”, C: 0.001 to 0.030%, Si: 0.05 to 0.5%, S: not more than 0.002%, Ni: 6 to 7.5%, Cr: 23 to 26%, Mo: 2 to 4.0%, N: 0.20 to 0.40%, Al: 0.005 to 0.03%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.3%, B: 0.0001 to 0.0050% and Fe, and the remainder being inevitable impurities. The duplex stainless steel has an impact value of not less than 87.5 J/cm2 at ?46±2° C. as defined in Japanese Industrial Standards Z2242.

Abstract: To provide an exhaust gas purification filter having a high capability of collecting particulate matter. The exhaust gas purification filter includes a filter base material having a wall flow structure and an exhaust gas purification catalyst. A wash coating amount of the exhaust gas purification catalyst ranges from 60 to 110 g/L or less. When the exhaust gas purification filter is divided into an upstream part, a middle part, and a downstream part, and average values of catalyst area ratios of the exhaust gas purification catalyst supported by surfaces of the partition walls are acquired at predetermined locations in cells on an inflow side and cells on an outflow side, a minimum value, among the average values, is 28% or greater. A maximum value, among sizes of pores in the partition walls after the exhaust gas purification catalyst is supported, is 14.6 ?m or less.

Abstract: A sound signal processing method includes: obtaining a plurality of sound signals respectively collected by a plurality of microphones arranged in a space; adjusting respective levels of the plurality of sound signals in accordance with respective positions of the plurality of microphones; mixing the plurality of sound signals having the adjusted respective levels to thereby obtain a mixed signal; and generating a reflected sound by using the obtained mixed signal.

Abstract: An audio signal processing method includes dividing a virtual sound source representing a reflected sound of a target acoustic space into (i) a first virtual sound source located between a position of a speaker and a position of a sound receiving point, the first virtual sound source representing a first sound source of the reflected sound of the target acoustic space, and (ii) a second virtual sound source located such that the speaker is disposed between the second virtual sound source and the sound receiving point, the second virtual sound source representing a second sound source of the reflected sound of the target acoustic space, and, only in a case of the first virtual sound source, moving a position of the first virtual sound source to a reproducible position based on a position of the speaker.

Abstract: An audio signal processing method detects a position, in a sound space, of a sound source that generates an audio signal, the sound space being divisible into a plurality of areas, and generates an initial reflected sound control signal by convolving (i) an impulse response of an initial reflected sound linked to a first area of the sound space, among the plurality of areas of the sound space, corresponding to the detected position of the sound source to (ii) the audio signal of the sound source without convolving (iii) an impulse response of an initial reflected sound linked to any of the plurality of areas of the sound space other than the first area of the sound space corresponding to the detected position of the sound source to (ii) the audio signal of the sound source.

Abstract: An audio signal processing method includes generating an initial reflected sound control signal according to a geometrical shape of a virtual space, generating a reverberant sound control signal using a reflected sound parameter of the virtual space, calculating timing of connection, the timing of connection being a point in time at which a volume of an initial reflected sound reproducible by the initial reflected sound control signal is a same as a volume of a reverberant sound reproducible by the reverberant sound control signal, based on the geometrical shape of the virtual space, and increasing, in a period of time before the timing of connection, a level of the reverberant sound control signal so as to cause the volume of the reverberant sound to be closer to the volume of the reverberant sound at the timing of connection.

Abstract: An audio signal processing method includes obtaining an audio signal of a sound source, performing first filter processing on the audio signal to generate an imaginary sound source of a virtual space, performing second filter processing on the audio signal to adjust a tone of the imaginary sound source, and outputting an initial reflected sound control signal generated by using the audio signal on which the first filter processing and the second filter processing have been performed, in a first case where the first filter processing is performed before the second filter processing, the first filter processing is performed on the audio signal, and the second filter processing is performed on the audio signal on which the first filter processing has been performed, and in a second case where the second filter processing is performed before the first filter processing, the second filter processing is performed on the audio signal, and the first filter processing is performed on the audio signal on which the seco

Abstract: A sound field support method for an audio reproducing apparatus for simulating sound emitting from a sound source, the method includes selecting either position information on the sound source to be set in a virtual space or localization information of the sound source, in a case where sound from the sound source is to be simulated sound emitted from a speaker to be set in a target space, generating a first sound signal based on the position information in a state where the selecting has selected the position information, generating a second sound signal based on the localization information in a state where the selecting has selected the localization information, and adjusting sound image localization of an input audio signal from the sound source to be output to the speaker using the first sound signal and the second sound signal.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a piezoelectric element in which, at a time when the piezoelectric element is manufactured, a piezoelectric material is prevented from being exposed to a temperature higher than a Curie temperature thereof to be depolarized, to thereby significantly decrease piezoelectric properties. The method of manufacturing a piezoelectric element includes a first step of arranging a plurality of electrodes on a piezoelectric material, electrically short-circuiting two or more electrodes of the plurality of electrodes, and subjecting the piezoelectric material to heat treatment, and a second step of, after the first step, electrically opening the short circuit of the two or more electrodes at a time when a temperature of the piezoelectric material decreases to less than a temperature of the piezoelectric material at a time of the heat treatment.

Abstract: To provide an exhaust gas purification filter having a high capability of collecting particulate matter. The exhaust gas purification filter includes a filter base material having a wall flow structure and an exhaust gas purification catalyst. A wash coating amount of the exhaust gas purification catalyst ranges from 60 to 110 g/L or less. When the exhaust gas purification filter is divided into an upstream part, a middle part, and a downstream part, and average values of catalyst area ratios of the exhaust gas purification catalyst supported by surfaces of the partition walls are acquired at predetermined locations in cells on an inflow side and cells on an outflow side, a minimum value, among the average values, is 28% or greater. A maximum value, among sizes of pores in the partition walls after the exhaust gas purification catalyst is supported, is 14.6 ?m or less.

Abstract: A road information learning device acquires a map extraction curve and a measurement curve for a traveling curve along which a vehicle travels, determines whether the map extraction curve and the measurement curve correspond to an identical traveling curve, and registers the measurement curve as a definitive registration curve when the map extraction curve and the measurement curve correspond to the identical traveling curve, and a predetermined definitive registration condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for an optical semiconductor device includes: forming a first semiconductor layer; forming a first mask pattern on the first semiconductor layer in a first area where an electro absorption type modulator is formed; forming an unevenness along the first direction on the first semiconductor layer; forming a second semiconductor layer on the unevenness; and forming an optical waveguide layer on the second semiconductor layer. The first mask pattern includes a first pattern in the first area and a second pattern in a second area where a DFB laser is formed, the first pattern including a first opening pattern and a first cover pattern, and the second pattern including a second opening pattern and a second cover pattern, and a ratio of the first opening pattern to the first cover pattern is different from that of the second opening pattern to the second cover pattern.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention, a substrate includes inflow-side cells, outflow-side cells, and porous partition walls, each partition wall separating the inflow-side cell from the outflow-side cell. Catalyst portions include: first catalyst portions, each first catalyst portion being provided on a surface of the partition wall that faces the inflow-side cell on an upstream side in an exhaust gas flow direction, and second catalyst portions, each second catalyst portion being provided on a surface of the partition wall that faces the outflow-side cell on a downstream side, and the exhaust gas purifying catalyst satisfies the following expressions: IB1/IA×100?60%, IB2/IA×100?60%, IC1/IA×100?3%, and IC2/IA×100?3%, where IA, IB1, IB2, IC1, and IC2 represent pore volumes, definitions of which can be found in the specification.

Abstract: A correction method of acoustic characteristics of a plurality of speakers installed in a room, the correction method groups speakers, among the plurality of speakers, having identical attachment condition to the above-mentioned room, measures each of output characteristics of the grouped speakers, calculates an average characteristic of the output characteristics of the grouped speakers, and corrects each of the output characteristics of the grouped speakers based on the average characteristic.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an oscillator, including: arranging an electrode on a piezoelectric ceramics free from being subjected to polarization treatment, to thereby provide a piezoelectric element; bonding the piezoelectric element and a diaphragm to each other at a temperature T1; bonding the piezoelectric element and a power supply member to each other at a temperature T2; and subjecting the piezoelectric ceramics to polarization treatment at a temperature T3, in which the temperature T1, the temperature T2, and the temperature T3 satisfy a relationship T1>T3 and a relationship T2>T3.

Abstract: A sound signal processing method includes receiving a sound signal, generating an early reflection sound control signal that reproduces an early reflection sound and a reverberant sound control signal that reproduces a reverberant sound from the sound signal, controlling a volume of the sound signal and distributing the sound signal to generate a direct sound control signal, and mixing the direct sound control signal, the early reflection sound control signal that reproduces a direct sound, and the reverberant sound control signal to generate an output signal.

Abstract: The sound signal processing method includes obtaining a sound signal of a sound source, convolving, according to a location of the sound source an impulse response of an early reflection sound with the sound signal to generate an early reflection sound control signal that reproduces an early reflection sound, and convolving an impulse response of a reverberant sound with the sound signal to generate a reverberant sound control signal that reproduces a reverberant sound.

Abstract: In order to attain an efficient decomposition process by water plasma, a decomposition processor includes a water plasma generator which is configured to inject water plasma, from the injection port, by arc discharge generated between negative and positive electrodes; and a supply device configured to supply a decomposition target object to a water plasma jet stream injected from the water plasma generator, wherein the decomposition target object is decomposed by the water plasma. The supply device has a nozzle for providing the decomposition target object from a tip, and the negative electrode, the injection port, the positive electrode and the nozzle are arranged in that order along the center axis line of the injection port. The tip of the nozzle is placed inside of the water plasma jet stream.

Abstract: A sound signal processing method includes: obtaining a plurality of sound signals respectively collected by a plurality of microphones arranged in a space; adjusting respective levels of the plurality of sound signals in accordance with respective positions of the plurality of microphones; mixing the plurality of sound signals having the adjusted respective levels to thereby obtain a mixed signal; and generating a reflected sound by using the obtained mixed signal.

Abstract: A sound signal processing method includes: obtaining a sound signal; obtaining impulse response data that was measured in a predetermined space before the sound signal is obtained; generating an early reflected sound control signal not including a reverberant sound by convolving impulse response data of an early reflected sound among the obtained impulse response data into the obtained sound signal.