Abstract: An anti-aging supplement is disclosed having effective amounts of ?1,3D glucan, deoxyribonucleic acid, and body's hyaluronan-yielding row material composed of at least one amino sugar selected from a group consisting of N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine salts.

Abstract: A hydrogen engine (10), a power drive system (12) and a vehicle (14) are disclosed as including a compressed air supply section (24), a water supply section (15), a water/fuel converter (16), a combustor (18), and an expander (20). The water/fuel converter (16) includes an arc plasma reactor (76) having arc discharge electrodes (88, 90, 92) and a minute arc generating section (86) composed of a plurality of solid carbon electrode-elements (98) located between the arc discharge electrodes to convert water into hydrogen rich gas under the presence of arc plasmas in a plurality of minute arc plasma passages (100) formed in the carbon electrodes. The power drive system includes an electric power generator (GE) which produces AC power output, a rectifier (44) for converting the AC power output to DC power output and an electric power storage unit (46) which stores the DC power output and which is connected to an arc plasma power supply (28) connected to the water/fuel converter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing substitute natural gas are disclosed as including a plasma reactor (PR) which has arc discharge electrodes and a large number of minute arc passages (35) formed in solid carbon materials filled in the plasma reactor. Feed water is converted into steam in steam generating zone (34A) of the plasma reactor and the steam is fed through the minute arc passages in which steam reacts the solid carbon materials in the presence of arc plasmas to produce synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is supplied to a methanation reactor (MR) which converts the synthesis gas into substitute natural gas. The arc discharge electrodes may be supplied with controlled electric power such that a H2/CO ratio is maintained at a fixed value. The substitute natural gas may be cooled to separate condensed water, which is recycled to the plasma reactor for production of the steam therein.

Abstract: A method and system for producing heavier hydrocarbons from a solid carbon and water are disclosed as including an arc plasma reactor (APR) which has arc electrodes and a large number of minute arc passages (35) formed in solid carbon particles filled in the plasma reactor. Feed water is converted into steam in the plasma reactor and the steam is fed through the minute arc passages in which steam reacts with the carbon in the presence of arc plasmas to produce synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is converted into methane and a portion of methane is converted into acetylene. A mixture of methane and acetylene is reacted in the presence of a solid superacid catalyst into isobutene, which in turn is converted into heavier hydrocarbons in an oligomerization reactor. The hydrocarbons are distilled into gasoline-range and jet fuel-range liquid fuels.

Abstract: A method and system for producing hydrogen from solid carbon materials and feed water are disclosed as including an arc plasma reactor (APR) which has arc discharge electrodes and a large number of minute arc passages (35) formed in the solid carbon materials filled in the plasma reactor. Feed water is converted into steam in the plasma reactor and the steam is fed through the minute arc passages in which steam reacts with the solid carbon materials in the presence of arc plasmas to produce hydrogen rich gas.

Abstract: A turbine comprises a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a stator mounted in the housing and including an arcuate stator blade projecting radially inward, and a turbine rotor having a central annular jet path accommodating therein said arcuate stator blade in communication with the inlet and the outlet. The turbine rotor comprises a pair of annular flywheel discs formed with pluralities of rotor blades facing each other in an axial direction. The arcuate stator blade has at least one deflection guide to direct the jet stream of working fluid toward the rotor blades in the central annular jet path.

Abstract: A turbine and gas turbine comprise an annular stator and a turbine rotor rotatably disposed in the stator. The stator includes a tangential inlet to introduce a jet stream of motive gases in a tangential direction, an outlet to exhaust expanded gases, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced and radially extending flow deflectors. The turbine rotor includes an annular jet stream path communicating with the inlet and the outlet, and a plurality of turbine blades circumferentially spaced in close proximity with the annular jet stream path, which accommodates the flow detectors to deflect the jet stream toward the turbine blades.

Abstract: A vehicle driving method and hybrid propulsion system are disclosed. In the vehicle driving method and hybrid propulsion system, a heat engine is intermittently operated to provide a first power output and hot exhaust. A heat recovery unit containing thermal storage means is utilized to recover and store waste of hot exhaust, thereby enabling continuous production of motive gases during non-operation period of the heat engine. An expansion turbine is coupled to the heat engine and expands the motive gases to produce a second power output in a continuous fashion. The vehicle is driven by the first and second power outputs. A control unit operates the heat engine in an on/off mode to intermittently supply the hot exhaust to heat recovery unit, thereby providing remarkable fuel economy with reduced pollutants.

Abstract: A steam-augmented gas turbine comprises a direct contact steam generation combustor for generating a first working fluid composed of steam and combustion product, a first turbine for receiving and expanding the first working fluid to generate a first power output and discharging an exhaust product, a heat recovery evaporator for receiving the exhaust product to generate a second working fluid from an organic mixture liquid, a first feed pump for feeding the feed water to the combustor, a second feed pump for feeding the organic mixture liquid under pressure to the evaporator, a second turbine for receiving and expanding the second working fluid to provide an expanded organic mixture, and a condensor for receiving and condensing the expanded organic mixture to provide the organic mixture liquid to be fed to the second feed pump.

Abstract: A closed cycle gas turbine engine has sealed therein a working medium, within a working chamber, a closed exhaust manifold, a gas recirculating path, and a plasma gas generator, with a turbine rotor rotating within the working chamber. High voltage pulses of very brief duration are periodically applied to the plasma gas generator, causing electrical discharges to form a plasma in said working medium, thereby producing high pressure motive gas. Resultant flows of high-pressure motive gas drive the turbine rotor, providing a high level of output power from the engine with no consumption of a fuel. The pressure of the motive gas is reduced in the closed exhaust manifold and recirculated to the motive gas generator through the gas recirculating path for next electrical discharge. The engine is suitable for driving a mechanism such as a vehicle, machine etc.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the supply of power to a variable-speed induction motor converts an AC power source voltage to a motor supply voltage at a designated frequency, with the amplitude of the motor supply voltage being controlled in accordance with the motor load such that the degree of slip conforms to a predetermined optimum slip charactistic, whereby high efficiency and stability are maintained over a wide range of load values. The motor supply voltage amplitude is detected to provide an indication of the motor load, an optimum value of an operating parameter of the motor which varies in accordance with degree of slip is derived based on the designated frequency and the detected voltage amplitude, using a predetermined function corresponding to that frequency, and the motor supply voltage amplitude is controlled such as to reduce an amount of difference between the optimum value of the operating parameter and a detected value of that parameter.

Abstract: An induction motor control apparatus, for converting an AC power supply voltage to a motor supply voltage for an induction motor, includes a feedback control loop for controlling the level of the motor supply voltage such that the induction motor operates close to a predetermined value of power factor, and also includes circuits for deriving a signal which varies in accordance with the motor admittance (or impedance), and for differentiating that signal to obtain a parameter variation signal which indicates an amount and direction of any sudden change in the motor load torque. The parameter variation signal is applied to the control loop such as to immediately increase or decrease the motor supply voltage, as required, when any sudden change in load occurs, thereby ensuring rapid control response together with stability of control.

Abstract: An energy-saving induction motor control apparatus maintains the operation of a motor at an optimum power factor irrespective of changes in motor load, by generating a power factor compensation value which is varied in accordance with the motor supply voltage. The motor supply voltage is controlled such as to reduce any difference between the optimum power factor value and a measured power factor value, thereby ensuring that stable operation with minimum energy consumption are achieved over a wide range of motor load values.

Abstract: An induction motor control apparatus for controlling the power factor at which an induction motor operates includes sensors and circuits for periodically detecting the effective (RMS) values of current and voltage supplied to the motor winding during a fixed number of cycles, e.g. one cycle, and multiplying these to obtain a value of apparent power of the motor, together with circuits for detecting the working power of the motor, with the power factor of the motor being thereby accurately obtained. The detected power factor is compared with an ideal value of power factor, to obtain an error amount that is applied to control the motor voltage. The ideal power factor is obtained by multiplying a designated value of power factor by a compensation amount that is determined in accordance with the motor load, thereby ensuring that stable operation of the motor is achieved even under the no-load condition.

Abstract: An automatic power factor control apparatus for an inductive load such as an AC induction motor includes a circuit for producing a signal varying in accordance with the load power factor, which is applied to control the duty cycle with which switching elements are alternately set in the conducting and non-conducting states by high frequency switching operation. A level of voltage applied to the control winding of a saturable reactor connected in series with the load is controlled by the switching elements, and the saturable reactor thereby continuously controls the input voltage and load current of the inductive load in accordance with the power factor.

Abstract: A waste material shredder having a pair of counter-rotating cutter rollers with mutually meshing cutter disks mounted thereon, and fixed spacer members separating the cutter disks. Sheets of waste material are shredded into small chips by the action of sharp protruding teeth on the cutter disks which punch transverse slits and by subsequent shearing action between adjacent opposing cutter disks. Jamming of the shredder due to build-up of chips between the spacers is eliminated by a special configuration of the cutter disks, with chip clearance protrusions being formed between the teeth which act to completely remove the cut chips from the shredder, thereby overcoming a basic problem with prior art "cross-cut" type shredders.

Abstract: A waste material shredder having a pair of counter-rotating cutter rollers with mutually meshing cutter disks mounted thereon, and fixed spacer members separating the cutter disks. Sheets of waste material are shredded into small chips by the action of sharp protruding teeth on the cutter disks which punch transverse slits and by subsequent shearing action between adjacent opposing cutter disks. Jamming of the shredder due to build-up of chips between the spacers is eliminated by a special configuration of the cutter disks, with chip clearance protrusions being formed between the teeth which act to completely remove the cut chips from the shredder, thereby overcoming a basic problem with prior art "cross-cut" type shredders.