Abstract: A calibration standard specimen is provided to have formed therein calibrating patterns of a lattice shape discontinuously arrayed, and particular alignment patterns respectively disposed near the calibrating patterns so that the positioning of the specimen can be made to match the calibrating patterns to the measurement points.

Abstract: A calibration standard specimen is provided to have formed therein calibrating patterns of a lattice shape discontinuously arrayed, and particular alignment patterns respectively disposed near the calibrating patterns so that the positioning of the specimen can be made to match the calibrating patterns to the measurement points.

Abstract: A method for surface modification is disclosed. The method includes the step of irradiating a material with ultrashort pulse laser light to form a modified region including an amorphous region and/or a strain region on a surface of the material.

Abstract: A calibration standard specimen is provided to have formed therein calibrating patterns of a lattice shape discontinuously arrayed, and particular alignment patterns respectively disposed near the calibrating patterns so that the positioning of the specimen can be made to match the calibrating patterns to the measurement points.

Abstract: A method of mounting an electronic part includes, providing a liquid at a surface of the electronic part or a suction end of a suction nozzle, attaching the electronic part to a suction end of a suction nozzle via the liquid, suctioning the liquid from the suction end to hold the electronic part at the suction end, and mounting the electronic part onto a substrate. And an apparatus for mounting an electronic part includes a liquid supplier which provides a liquid on a surface of the electronic part, and a suction nozzle which suctions the liquid and holds the electronic part in which the suction nozzle mounts the electronic part onto a substrate.

Abstract: An optical-recording-medium playback apparatus includes a first optical member which focuses light emitted from a light-emitting unit on an optical recording medium, a second optical member which focuses light reflected by the optical recording medium, a light-receiving unit which receives the light focused by the second optical member, and a pinhole which is disposed between the second optical member and the light-receiving unit. The focal point of the light focused by the first optical member and that of the light focused by the second optical member correspond to each other. Accordingly, when the pinhole only transmits light which passes through positions around the focal point of the second optical member, stray light from positions around the focal point of the first optical member (in particular, light reflected by recording layers other than the one from which information is read out) can be removed.

Abstract: A calibration standard specimen is provided to have formed therein calibrating patterns of a lattice shape discontinuously arrayed, and particular alignment patterns respectively disposed near the calibrating patterns so that the positioning of the specimen can be made to match the calibrating patterns to the measurement points.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for vibration isolation featuring a two-part supporter made up of two supporters with positive and negative spring characteristics that are connected in series, and another supporter with positive spring characteristics that is installed in parallel with the two-part supporter. Vibration from the floor to the first member is isolated by the springs installed between the floor 1 and the first member 2; vibration transmitted from the first to the second member is isolated by the magnetic levitation mechanism 4 with zero-power characteristics comprising permanent magnets and electromagnets that are installed between the first member 2 and the second member 3 and by the load supporter 5 with positive spring characteristics that is installed between the base and the second member; and the load acting on the second member is supported by said magnetic levitation mechanism and said load supporter.

Abstract: Measuring devices for measuring an analyte extracted through skin of a living body are described that include: a noninvasive sampling unit for extracting the analyte from the living body through analyte transmission paths formed in an extracting region of the skin; an analyte detection unit for detecting a quantity of extracted analyte; and a control unit for obtaining a corrected analyte quantity based on the quantity of the extracted analyte and number of analyte transmission paths in the extracting region. Methods and systems for measuring analytes extracted through skin are also described.

Abstract: An objective lens is configured of a first crown-glass lens and a second flint-glass lens, whereby it can exhibit substantially identical optical properties at a plurality of recording/reproducing light source wavelengths, particularly, in both 650 nm and 405 nm wavelength bands. Also, by maximizing the difference in glass transition point between the first and second lenses, one of the first and second lenses having a higher glass transition point is molded first, to allow that first molded lens to serve as a mold tool for molding the other lens. This dispenses with the steps of aligning and adhesive bonding the two lenses, whereby this objective lens can be used at a plurality of wavelengths as a single objective lens, and thus an information recording/reproducing apparatus can be of a simple configuration.

Abstract: A calibration standard specimen is provided to have formed therein calibrating patterns of a lattice shape discontinuously arrayed, and particular alignment patterns respectively disposed near the calibrating patterns so that the positioning of the specimen can be made to match the calibrating patterns to the measurement points.

Abstract: An optical-recording-medium playback apparatus includes a first optical member which focuses light emitted from a light-emitting unit on an optical recording medium, a second optical member which focuses light reflected by the optical recording medium, a light-receiving unit which receives the light focused by the second optical member, and a pinhole which is disposed between the second optical member and the light-receiving unit. The focal point of the light focused by the first optical member and that of the light focused by the second optical member correspond to each other. Accordingly, when the pinhole only transmits light which passes through positions around the focal point of the second optical member, stray light from positions around the focal point of the first optical member (in particular, light reflected by recording layers other than the one from which information is read out) can be removed.

Abstract: An objective lens is configured of a first crown-glass lens and a second flint-glass lens, whereby it can exhibit substantially identical optical properties at a plurality of recording/reproducing light source wavelengths, particularly, in both 650 nm and 405 nm wavelength bands. Also, by maximizing the difference in glass transition point between the first and second lenses, one of the first and second lenses having a higher glass transition point is molded first, to allow that first molded lens to serve as a mold tool for molding the other lens. This dispenses with the steps of aligning and adhesive bonding the two lenses, whereby this objective lens can be used at a plurality of wavelengths as a single objective lens, and thus an information recording/reproducing apparatus can be of a simple configuration.

Abstract: An optical disc drive includes a laser diode 21 which oscillates in multimiode, a first plane-of-polarization preserving fiber 33, and a second plane-of-polarization preserving fiber 36. The first plane-of-polarization preserving fiber 33 and second plane-of-polarization preserving fiber 36 form an optical path for transmitting the laser beam irradiated from the laser diode 21, and variation of polarization state which arises due to the transmission of the laser beam by one of the plane-of-polarization preserving fibers is compensated by the other of the plane-of-polarization preserving fibers. Thus, the beam can be transmitted with its polarization state maintained.

Abstract: An optical device having an irradiated portion formed of an optical recording medium in which a pit is formed on a reflection surface, a semiconductor unit in which a semiconductor laser, a semiconductor structure and a photo-detection element are formed on the same semiconductor substrate, and a converging device for converging a light emitted from the semiconductor laser and irradiating the same of the irradiated portion and further converging a returned light reflected from the irradiated portion. The semiconductor structure is formed near the confocal of the converging device and includes at least three reflection surfaces. The photo-detection element includes a first detection element for receiving a returned light reflected on the second reflection surface and a second detection element for receiving the returned light reflected on the third reflection surface.

Abstract: In an optical device such as an optical pickup or the like, the number of optical assemblies may be reduced, an alignment required when the optical assemblies are disposed may be simplified, the whole of the device may be simplified and miniaturized, a tracking signal such as a tracking error signal or the like may be stably obtained relative to optical recording media having various pit depths, and the optical device may be manufactured with ease by the semiconductor process.

Abstract: A fastener used for mounting a mounting object having an insertion rib onto a support body having a mounting aperture. The fastener is previously fitted to the insertion rib of the mounting object and then inserted into the mounting aperture of the support body by pressing the insertion rib thereinto, thereby removably mounting the mounting object on the support body. The fastener includes a fastener body having a shoulder portion. The shoulder portion is adapted to elastically engage an inner edge of the mounting aperture of the support body when the fastener is inserted into the mounting aperture with the insertion rib. The fastener further includes a gripper portion provided on the fastener body and having at least one gripper surface and at least one engagement projection formed thereon. The gripper surface Is adapted to contact the insertion rib of the mounting object when the fastener is fitted to the insertion rib.

Abstract: A fastener used for mounting a mounting object having an insertion rib onto a support body having a mounting aperture. The fastener is previously fitted to the insertion rib of the mounting object and then inserted into the mounting aperture of the support body by pressing the insertion rib thereinto, thereby removably mounting the mounting object on the support body. The fastener includes a fastener body having a shoulder portion. The shoulder portion is adapted to elastically engage an inner edge of the mounting aperture of the support body when the fastener is inserted into the mounting aperture with the insertion rib. The fastener further includes a gripper portion provided on the fastener body and having at least one gripper surface and at least one engagement projection formed thereon. The gripper surface is adapted to contact the insertion rib of the mounting object when the fastener is fitted to the insertion rib.

Abstract: A fastener used for mounting a mounting object having an insertion rib onto a support body having a mounting aperture. The fastener is previously fitted to the insertion rib of the mounting object and then inserted into the mounting aperture of the support body by pressing the insertion rib thereinto, thereby removably mounting the mounting object on the support body. The fastener includes a fastener body having a shoulder portion. The shoulder portion is adapted to elastically engage an inner edge of the mounting aperture of the support body when the fastener is inserted into the mounting aperture with the insertion rib. The fastener further includes a gripper portion provided on the fastener body and having at least one gripper surface and at least one engagement projection formed thereon. The gripper surface is adapted to contact the insertion rib of the mounting object when the fastener is fitted to the insertion rib.

Abstract: There is provided an optical device which comprises a light-emitting portion for emitting a laser light, a light-receiving portion for receiving the light emitted from the light-emitting portion, and a converging portion for converging the light emitted from the light-emitting portion to thereby irradiate a portion to be irradiated and for converging a light reflected on and returned from the irradiated portion, wherein the light-receiving portion is located in the vicinity of a confocal point of the converging portion with respect to the light returned from the irradiated portion, the light emitted from the light-emitting portion is received by the light-receiving portion along a path which is coaxial before and after being reflected by the irradiated portion, a push-pull signal is detected by the light-receiving portion, and the push-pull signal is subjected to partial differentiation with the amount of defocus to obtain a coefficient which is used to detect a tracking error signal.