Abstract: An image developing device includes a developer supporting body; a first conveyance path in which a first conveyance member is arranged; a second conveyance path in which a second conveyance member is arranged; and a partition member that partitions the first conveyance path and the second conveyance path and that has a first communication port and a second communication port. The first communication path and the second communication path communicates with each other through the first communication port and the second communication port. The image developing device includes a developer amount detection unit that includes an optical detection unit arranged in the second conveyance path and that optically detects an amount of the developer in the image forming device. The developer is caused to accumulate in the vicinity of the developer amount detection unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member to bear a latent image on a surface thereof, a developing device to develop the latent image with toner, an intermediate transfer member, a secondary transfer member, a cleaning device, and a main body. The cleaning device cleans the secondary transfer member for a predetermined time period T1 during a startup operation after printing is completed normally before subsequent printing. The main body houses the image bearing member, the developing device, the intermediate transfer member, the secondary transfer member, and the cleaning device. At least one of the image bearing member and the developing device constitutes a process cartridge detachably attachable relative to the main body, and in a case in which the process cartridge is installed in the main body, the cleaning device cleans the secondary transfer member for a time period T2 extended from the predetermined time period T1.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a nip formation pad disposed opposite an inner circumferential surface of an endless belt and a pressing rotary body pressed against the nip formation pad via the endless belt to form a fixing nip between the endless belt and the pressing rotary body, through which a recording medium is conveyed. The pressing rotary body has a diameter increasing from a center to each lateral end in an axial direction thereof. The nip formation pad includes a projection disposed downstream from a rotation axis of the pressing rotary body in a recording medium conveyance direction. The projection projects toward the pressing rotary body in an amount increasing from each lateral end to a center in a longitudinal direction of the nip formation pad parallel to the axial direction of the pressing rotary body.

Abstract: Provided is a method of mixing first and second liquids having mutual solubility inside a mixing flow channel formed by a micro flow channel. This method includes: causing the first and second liquids to be joined to each other inside the mixing flow channel; and forming a slug flow, in which mixing subject cells (60) formed by the joined liquid and insoluble fluid cells (63) formed by an insoluble fluid are alternately arranged, inside a flow channel at the downstream side of an insoluble fluid supply position in a manner such that the insoluble fluid having insolubility with respect to both mixing subject liquids is supplied to the joined liquid flowing through the flow channel in a direction intersecting the flow channel so that the joined liquid is divided with a gap therebetween, thereby mixing the first mixing subject liquid and the second mixing subject liquid contained in each mixing subject cell inside the downstream flow channel.

Abstract: A waveform display apparatus displays a waveform on a display device. A scale plate is provided with graduations corresponding to values of the waveform. The scale plate is displayed in a region where the waveform is displayed, on the display device, in a state that a time axis is movable. A value of the waveform at an intersection point between one side of the scale plate and the waveform is displayed on the display device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wavelength conversion-type photovoltaic cell sealing material, the sealing material including at least one light emitting layer containing a group of spherical phosphors, the group of spherical phosphors having a ratio of a median value D50 of the group of spherical phosphors to a total thickness t of the light emitting layer of from 0.1 to 1.0, where the median value D50 is a median value of a volume particle size distribution of the group of spherical phosphors, and an integrated value N of a number particle size distribution from D25 to D75 of the group of spherical phosphors being 5% or more, when D25 is a particle size value at 25% of an integrated value of the volume particle size distribution of the group of spherical phosphors and D75 is a particle size value at 75% of the integrated value of the volume particle size distribution of the group of spherical phosphors; and a photovoltaic cell module including the sealing material.

Abstract: Provided is a rare earth metal complex including a rare earth metal atom and a ?-diketone compound coordinated to the rare earth metal atom, the ?-diketone compound being represented by the following Formula (1). In Formula (1), R represents a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a latent image bearing member, a charger, a latent image forming device, a developing device, and a transfer device is provided. The transfer device is adapted to transfer a toner image formed on the latent image bearing member onto an intermediate transfer member or a recording medium by action of a transfer elected field in a transfer position where the latent image bearing member faces the transfer device. When a non-charged portion of the latent image bearing member that has not been charged to a predetermined potential by the charger passes through the transfer position, a strength of the transfer electric field is lowered than that in transferring the toner image.

Abstract: A spherical phosphor includes a fluorescent substance having a maximum excitation wavelength of 400 nm or longer; and a transparent material containing the fluorescent substance, in which, in an excitation spectrum, an excitation spectral intensity in a wavelength region of from 340 nm to 380 nm is 50% or higher of an excitation spectral intensity at a maximum excitation wavelength. A wavelength conversion-type photovoltaic cell sealing material includes a light-permeable resin composition layer that contains the spherical phosphor and a sealing resin.

Abstract: A development device to develop a latent image using developer having a degree of agglomeration of 54% or greater includes a developer bearer to carry developer thereon, and a developer supply member to contact the developer bearer to supply developer to a surface of the developer bearer. The developer supply member is disposed to satisfy at least one of two conditions: a biting amount of the developer supply member relative to the developer bearer is 0.7 mm or greater; and a contact pressure of the developer supply member against the developer bearer is 30 N/m or greater.

Abstract: Provided is a rare earth metal complex including a rare earth metal atom and a ?-diketone compound coordinated to the rare earth metal atom, the ?-diketone compound being represented by the following Formula (1). In Formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a perfluoroalkyl group, an alkoxy group, a perfluoroalkoxy group, a nitro group, an amino group, a sulfonyl group, a cyano group, a silyl group, a phosphone group, a diazo group, a mercapto group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an aryloxy group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an allyl group, an acyl group, or an acyloxy group.

Abstract: Provided is a color image forming apparatus that includes: image carriers that form toner image of black and other colors; an intermediate transfer body that makes contact with the image carriers; and transfer units that transfer the toner images on the image carriers to the intermediate transfer body. A line velocity difference is set between the image carriers and the intermediate transfer body. An accelerated cohesion degree of toner is equal to or larger than 54%. A linear velocity difference X1 between the image carrier for black and the intermediate transfer body satisfies a relation of 0<X1?1.2 mm/sec. A linear velocity difference X2 between the image carriers for the colors and the intermediate transfer body satisfies a relation of 2.1?X2?4.0 mm/sec.

Abstract: A flow passage structure having a plurality of flow passageways therein includes a first junction portion for joining a first fluid introduced into a first inlet path and a second fluid introduced into a second inlet path, a first joined fluid flow passage through which a fluid made by joining both the fluids flows, a branch portion for dividing the fluid flowing in the first joined fluid flow passage into two fluids, a first branch path through which one of the two divided fluids flows, and a second branch path through which the other flows, wherein a corresponding diameter of the first branch path and a corresponding diameter of the second branch path in each of the passageways are smaller than a corresponding diameter of the first joined fluid flow passage in the passageway.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion type photovoltaic cell sealing material according to the present invention includes a first sealing layer that contains no fluorescent substance and a second sealing layer that contains a fluorescent substance. This wavelength conversion type photovoltaic cell sealing material is used as one of the light transmissive layers of a photovoltaic cell module and is disposed at a light receiving surface side of a solar cell.

Abstract: A rare earth metal complex including a rare earth element and a ?-diketone compound represented by the following formula (1) as a ligand, and in formula (1), R1 represents a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent or an aromatic heterocyclic group that may have a substituent.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion type photovoltaic cell sealing sheet of the present invention includes a dispersion medium resin, and a fluorescent material having an absorption wavelength peak at from 300 to 450 nm, wherein a content of an ultraviolet absorber other than the fluorescent substance is 0.15 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the dispersion medium resin. Furthermore, a photovoltaic cell module of the present invention has a photovoltaic cell and the wavelength conversion type photovoltaic cell sealing sheet.

Abstract: A wavelength-converting resin composition for a photovoltaic cell, comprising: a fluorescent substance having a maximum absorption wavelength in an absorbance spectrum of which being ?max (nm); resin particles; and a dispersion medium resin, wherein a value of A1 (?), which is represented by the following Equation 1, at the maximum absorption wavelength ?max (nm) is 3.0×10?4 (O.D.

Abstract: A spherical phosphor is formed by including a fluorescent substance and a transparent material including the fluorescent substance. In addition, a wavelength conversion-type photovoltaic cell sealing material is formed by including a light transmissive resin composition layer including the spherical phosphor and a sealing resin.

Abstract: An image developing device includes a developer supporting body; a first conveyance path in which a first conveyance member is arranged; a second conveyance path in which a second conveyance member is arranged; and a partition member that partitions the first conveyance path and the second conveyance path and that has a first communication port and a second communication port. The first communication path and the second communication path communicates with each other through the first communication port and the second communication port. The image developing device includes a developer amount detection unit that includes an optical detection unit arranged in the second conveyance path and that optically detects an amount of the developer in the image forming device. The developer is caused to accumulate in the vicinity of the developer amount detection unit.

Abstract: For recovering hydrogen with a high recovery from a reformed gas and contributing to downsizing and cost reduction of facilities, a high-purity hydrogen E is obtained by reforming a reformable raw material A through a reforming unit 1 to yield a hydrogen-rich reformed gas B, compressing the hydrogen-rich reformed gas B with a compressor 2, allowing the compressed gas to pass through a PSA unit 3 to remove unnecessary gases other than carbon monoxide by adsorption, and allowing the resulting gas to pass through a carbon monoxide remover 4 packed with a carbon monoxide adsorbent supporting a copper halide to remove carbon monoxide by adsorption.