Abstract: In a method of forming a transparent conductive film, an arc discharge type plasma produced by arc discharging is generated in an atmosphere wherein the pressure of an atmospheric gas is 3.0 .times. 10.sup.-4 Torr or higher; the plasma is converged onto a vapor deposition material for forming a transparent conductive film to thereby evaporate the vapor deposition material, whereby said transparent conductive film is formed on a substrate located above said vapor deposition material.

Abstract: A transparent laminated product comprising a transparent substrate and a 5-layered transparent coating composed of a first transparent oxide layer formed on the substrate, a second Ag layer formed on the first transparent oxide layer, a third first transparent oxide layer formed on the second layer, a fourth Ag layer formed on the third transparent oxide layer and a fifth transparent oxide layer formed on the fourth layer, and having a visible ray transmission of at least 60%, wherein the thickness of each Ag layer is from 60 to 250 A, and each transparent oxide layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of SnO.sub.2, Sn.sub.1-x Zn.sub.x O.sub.y, and TiO.sub.2.

Abstract: A high-efficient sheet plasma sputtering method and an apparatus for carrying out the method which comprise means for deforming an arc plasma stream into a form of sheet by a magnetic field so that ions in the sheet plasma are accelerated to a target which is controlled to have a negative potential to the sheet plasma, whereby a coating layer is formed by sputtering on a substrate arranged opposite the target with respect to the sheet plasma.

Abstract: A transparent laminated product comprising a transparent substrate and a coating composed of transparent oxide and silver layers alternately laminated in a total of (2n+1) (n.gtoreq.2) layers with the inner most and outer most layers being transparent oxide layers and having a surface resistance of at most 10 .OMEGA./sq. and a visible ray transmission of at least 60%.

Abstract: An optical article having improved heat resistance, which comprises a substrate and at least one laminated coating formed on the substrate, the laminated coating comprising a highly expansive layer having a high thermal expansion coefficient and a less expansive layer having a thermal expansion coefficient lower than that of the highly expansive layer, wherein the improvement is characterized in that a Ti coating layer or a Cr coating layer is interposed at the interface between the highly expansive layer and the less expansive layer.