Abstract: An organic transistor includes: a substrate made of electrically conductive material or semiconductor material; an insulating layer on the substrate; and an organic semiconductor layer and a pair of electrodes on the insulating layer, wherein a configuration is made such that: the organic semiconductor layer is sealed by a translucent member; a voltage is applied between the pair of electrodes in a range such that the organic semiconductor layer emits light; further a voltage is applied to the substrate so as to control the light emission of the organic semiconductor layer; and light emitted by the organic semiconductor layer can be taken out via the translucent member.

Abstract: A surface-emission laser diode includes a distributed Bragg reflector tuned to wavelength of 1.1 ?m or longer, wherein the distributed Bragg reflector includes an alternate repetition of a low-refractive index layer and a high-refractive index layer, with a heterospike buffer layer having an intermediate refractive index interposed therebetween with a thickness in the range of 5-50 nm.

Abstract: In an apparatus producing a high-quality and high-resolution image having high water and light resistances with an orifice having a diameter less than ?25 ?m (less than 500 ?m2 in terms of cross-sectional area of the orifice) by use of a fine particle dispersion recording composition, nozzle clogging can be prevented. A recording is accomplished by a liquid jet recording apparatus for ejecting a recording composition including dispersed fine particles from a small orifice toward a receiving medium, wherein a size Dp of the fine particles and a diameter D0 of the small orifice are determined by a relationship 0.001?Dp/D0?0.01.

Abstract: In an apparatus producing a high-quality and high-resolution image having high water and light resistances with an orifice having a diameter less than ?25 ?m (less than 500 ?m2 in terms of cross-sectional area of the orifice) by use of a fine particle dispersion recording composition, nozzle clogging can be prevented. A recording is accomplished by a liquid jet recording apparatus for ejecting a recording composition including dispersed fine particles from a small orifice toward a receiving medium, wherein a size Dp of the fine particles and a diameter D0 of the small orifice are determined by a relationship 0.001?Dp/D0?0.01.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating a functional device mounting board comprises a holder for holding a substrate on which functional devices are to be formed, a jet head for ejecting a droplet containing a functional material onto the substrate, and a data input unit for supplying droplet ejection information to the jet head. The jet head ejects the droplets onto the substrate based on the droplet ejection information so as to form the functional device in the functional device forming area. The functional device is formed by allowing a volatile ingredient of the droplet, while allowing a solid component of the droplet to remain on the substrate.

Abstract: In an electron-emitting device manufacturing apparatus for forming a surface conduction electron-emitting element by a conductive thin film, a discharge head of a piezo-jet type using a piezoelectric element has a diameter being equal to or less than ?25?m and jets a solution that includes metal micro-particle material for forming the conductive thin film, on the area between the electrodes, which are formed on a substrate of the electron-emitting device, as a droplet. A volatile component in a solution dot pattern is vaporized after the droplet is jetted on the substrate so that a solid content is remained on the substrate. The solution having micro-particle dispersed in liquid satisfies a relationship of 0.0002?Dp/Do?0.01 where Dp denotes a diameter of the metal micro-particle and Do denotes a diameter of the discharge opening.

Abstract: A liquid jet recording apparatus is provided in which liquid droplets are jetted from liquid jetting orifices.

Abstract: In an electron-emitting device manufacturing apparatus for forming a surface conduction electron-emitting element by a conductive thin film, a discharge head of a piezo-jet type using a piezoelectric element has a diameter being equal to or less than ?25 ?m and jets a solution that includes metal micro-particle material for forming the conductive thin film, on the area between the electrodes, which are formed on a substrate of the electron-emitting device, as a droplet. A volatile component in a solution dot pattern is vaporized after the droplet is jetted on the substrate so that a solid content is remained on the substrate. The solution having micro-particle dispersed in liquid satisfies a relationship of 0.0002?Dp/Do?01 where Dp denotes a diameter of the metal micro-particle and Do denotes a diameter of the discharge opening.

Abstract: A containing member contains a recording medium which has a base member and granular material coated on both sides of the base member, and roughness of the surfaces of the coated granular material is smaller than the roughness of the base member. A printing unit includes an ink-jet recording head which jets recording liquid onto the recording medium. A conveyance unit and a conveyance path convey the recording medium, one side of which has been already printed, into the printing unit again in order to print image onto the other side thereof. A unit is provided for enabling the printing unit to print image on the recording medium such that the vertical orientations of the images printed both sides of the recording medium are coincide with each other.

Abstract: A containing member contains a recording medium which has a base member and granular material coated on both sides of the base member, and roughness of the surfaces of the coated granular material is smaller than the roughness of the base member. A printing unit includes an ink-jet recording head which jets recording liquid onto the recording medium. A conveyance unit and a conveyance path convey the recording medium, one side of which has been already printed, into the printing unit again in order to print image onto the other side thereof. A unit is provided for enabling the printing unit to print image on the recording medium such that the vertical orientations of the images printed both sides of the recording medium are coincide with each other.

Abstract: A liquid jet head includes a nozzle element having nozzles from which a recording liquid is ejected to a recording medium, wherein the recording liquid contains fine particles of a pigment, wherein the fine particles of the pigment contained in the recording liquid are no less than 1% by weight, wherein each of the nozzles has an area that is less than 500 ?m2, wherein each of the fine particles of the pigment has a diameter satisfying a relation of 0.0005?Dp/Do?0.

Abstract: A color inkjet recording apparatus includes a plurality of multi-nozzle inkjet recording heads ejecting inks of respective colors, an electrical system unit controlling the operation of the color inkjet recording apparatus, and an ink container connected to the multi-nozzle inkjet recording heads. The ink container is provided below the multi-nozzle inkjet recording heads and the electrical system unit.

Abstract: An ink jet recording method includes the steps of inputting a set of driving pulses to a heater element so that the heater element is repeatedly activated by the driving pulses, repeatedly generating a bubble in ink in an ink path in accordance with repeated activation of the heater element, and separately jetting ink droplets from an ink jetting orifice due to the bubble repeatedly generated in the ink, a number of the ink droplets being equal to a number of the driving pulses input as a set to the heater element, the ink droplets jetted from the ink jetting orifice forming a single dot on a recording medium, wherein a time interval at which the driving pulses are input to the heater element is equal to or greater than 4 T, T being a time period from a time at which the inputting of the pulses to the heater element starts to a time at which the bubble reaches a maximum size, and each ink droplet is a slender pillar so that a length of each ink droplet is at least three times as great as a diameter thereof.

Abstract: A conveyance system includes a conveying unit, an alignment unit, and an attaching unit. The conveying unit conveys objects, packaged by one or more package members, in a given direction. The alignment unit, disposed at a given position along a conveyance route of the conveying unit, aligns a positional orientation of the packaged objects to a reference position when the packaged objects are conveyed by the conveying unit. The attaching unit attaches at least one electronic functional device to each of the packaged objects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electron-emitting device and an image display apparatus in which the electron-emitting device is provided. In the electron-emitting device, a substrate has sides in two orthogonal first directions. A plurality of pairs of electrodes are disposed on the substrate. A conductive thin film is disposed between each of the electrode pairs. A plurality of surface conduction electron-emitting elements are disposed in the conductive thin film by discharging drops of a source material of the film thereto, each electron-emitting element spaced apart from the opposing electrodes of one of the electrode pairs. The electron-emitting elements are arrayed in a matrix formation, the matrix having rows and columns in two orthogonal second directions, the electron-emitting elements being disposed such that the second directions of the matrix are parallel to the first directions of the substrate.

Abstract: A solution jet type fabrication apparatus for fabricating a wiring pattern or a device, the solution jet type fabrication apparatus including a jet head for ejecting a droplet of a solution containing fine particles onto a substrate, so as to form a pattern, by vaporizing a volatile ingredient of the solution, and allowing a solid component to remain on the substrate, wherein the substrate has no liquid absorbing property, wherein the jet head includes a nozzle from which the droplet is ejected, the nozzle being formed from a material that has a greater hardness than that of the fine particles in the solution, wherein the nozzle has a size that is equal to or less than ?20 ?m, the nozzle satisfying a relation of 0.0001?Dp/Do?0.01, where Dp represents the diameter of each of the fine particles and Do represents the diameter of the nozzle, wherein each of the fine particles has a size that is equal to or less than the roughness of a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A functional device fabrication apparatus is provided for forming a wiring pattern or an electronic device on a substrate using paper or paper-based material by depositing solid content of a solution on the substrate. The functional device fabrication apparatus includes a jet head. The jet head jets the solution including electronic function material onto the substrate as dot patterns. The jet head includes a device for dispensing a droplet of the solution from the jet head. A drive signal applied to the device is configured to cause the droplet jetted by the device to have a specific shape before impacting a face of the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid jet head includes a nozzle element having nozzles from which a recording liquid is ejected to a recording medium, wherein the recording liquid contains fine particles of a pigment, wherein the fine particles of the pigment contained in the recording liquid are no less than 1% by weight, wherein each of the nozzles has an area that is less than 500 ?m2, wherein each of the fine particles of the pigment has a diameter satisfying a relation of 0.0005?Dp/Do?0.

Abstract: An optical recording medium having two recording layer structures which includes a cover substrate, a grooved substrate, a first recording layer structure, an intermediate layer, a separation layer, and a second recording layer structure. In the optical recording medium, the two recording layer structures include a first recording layer structure, and a second recording layer structure between the substrates, the first recording layer structure includes, in this order, a first protective layer, a first recording layer, a second protective layer, a first inorganic layer, the second recording layer structure includes, in this order, a third protective layer, a second recording layer, a forth protective layer, a second inorganic layer, and a ratio of a thickness of the first recording layer structure and a thickness of the intermediate layer is 0.2 to 1.0.

Abstract: A color inkjet recording apparatus includes a plurality of multi-nozzle inkjet recording heads ejecting inks of respective colors, supplied from an ink container provided below the multi-nozzle inkjet recording heads, a separation part separating the color inkjet recording apparatus into a first region in which the ink container is provided and a second region in which the rest or the color inkjet recording apparats is provided, and a holding part configured to hold the ink container, the holding part including a plurality of separation parts.