Abstract: A method and an apparatus for generating presentation configuration files of document content, wherein the document content will be presented according to the presentation configuration files. The method may include acquiring one presentation configuration file template and updating the presentation file template according to personalized presentation rules associated with preferences input by a current user, to generate the presentation configuration files customized with respect to the current user. According to the present invention, the presentation configuration files can be generated automatically based on the user preferences, such that the document content can be presented according to the customized presentation configuration files.

Abstract: A side channel attack utilizes information gained from the physical implementation of a cryptosystem. Software and hardware-based systems and methods for preventing side channel attacks are presented. Cryptographic hardware may introduce dummy operations to compensate for conditional math operations in certain functions such as modular exponentiation. Cryptographic hardware may also introduce random stalls of the data path to introduce alterations in the power profile for the operation. A cryptographic function may be mapped to a micro code sequence having a plurality of instructions. Firmware in the cryptosystem may alter the micro code sequence by altering the order of instructions, add dummy operations in the micro code sequence, break the micro code sequence into multiple sub micro code sequences and/or change the register location for source and destination operands used in the sequence. These alterations are designed to randomly change the timing and power profile of the requested function.

Abstract: A method for pre-verification of a code module when the code module is installed or updated in a virtual machine, comprising: loading codes in the installed or updated code module; performing code verification on the codes in the code module; if the code verification is passed, generating a certificate of the code module; and storing the code module passing the code verification and its certificate. The present invention also discloses a method for verification of a code module at runtime of the code module in a virtual machine, comprising loading codes in the code module; generating a certificate of the code module based on the loaded codes; if the generated certificate of the code module and a pre-stored certificate of the code module are identical, verifying the code module to be valid; otherwise performing a pre-verification on the code module.

Abstract: The invention provides systems having an electron transfer moiety tethered to an electrode by a conductive spacer moiety. A biasing potential applied to the electrode reduces the electron transfer moiety to form a reduced electron transfer species capable of absorbing a photon, to form an excited electron transfer species. An electron accepting moiety accepts an electron from the excited electron transfer species, to form a reduced electron acceptor. The reduced electron acceptor may for example be used in hydrogen generation reactions.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides methods and apparatus for detecting a mismatch in a nucleic acid duplex by measuring the impedance of a nucleic acid layer on an electrode, for example by AC impedance spectroscopy.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides methods and apparatus for detecting a protein binding to a nucleic acid by measuring the impedence of a nucleic acid layer on an electrode, for example by AC impedance spectroscopy. In one embodiment, such methods may for example be used to detect a mismatch in a nucleic acid duplex.

Abstract: The prevent invention is to provide a method for transmitting data signals via a wireless communication device during conversation, wherein the wireless communication device, with at least two telephone system interfaces, can employ one of the system interfaces to conduct conversation and use the other telephone system interface to transmit or receive data signals of picture or text. Thus, a user at the remote end can easily understand the verbal language with the aid of the picture or text being transmitted.