Abstract: A dimming member includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a dimming film. The dimming film includes a first substrate, a first conductive layer, a dimming layer, a second conductive layer, and a second substrate that are stacked in sequence. The dimming layer, the first conductive layer, and the second conductive layer cooperatively define an accommodating space. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed in the accommodating space. The first electrode is attached to the first conductive layer at one side of the first conductive layer away from the first substrate and is electrically connected to the first conductive layer. The second electrode is attached to the second conductive layer at one side of the second conductive layer away from the second substrate and is electrically connected to the second conductive layer.

Abstract: This relates to using light emitting diodes (LEDs) and/or photodiodes (PDs) on a device intended to come in contact with a user for temperature sensing. In some examples, the LEDs and PDs can be used for both biometric sensing and user temperature sensing. By biasing the LEDs and PDs with different bias currents and obtaining different diode base-emitter voltages (VBE) having known negative temperature coefficients, changes in VBE (?VBE) can be computed and used to estimate user temperature. In particular, a measurement circuit including a current source or sink, an amplifier, and an analog to digital converter (ADC) can be connected to each LED and PD. Different bias currents can be applied to the LEDs and/or PDs (the PDs being forward-biased instead of their normal reverse-biased mode for biometric sensing) to obtain different VBE measurements, and those differences can be used in equations to estimate the temperature of the user.

Abstract: An optical sensor can be multiplexed for different clients/features including estimating information or characteristics of a user's physiological signals. Additionally, the clients/features can include estimating information or characteristics independent from a user's physiological signals. As the number of clients increase and/or as the requirements for the clients increase, flexibility can be provided to accommodate the various clients. Parallelization of the optical sensor can be used to improve performance as the number of clients increase. For example, the hardware and software architecture can assemble patterns of time slots that measure all desired light paths for the multiple clients and distribute the corresponding measurements to each client according to the client requests. In some examples, the scanning sequence can be represented by frames including slots associated with multiple clients to compress the representation for larger or more complex scan sequences.

Abstract: Detecting user contact with one or more electrodes of a physiological signal sensor can be used to ensure physiological signals measured by the physiological signal sensor meet waveform characteristics (e.g., of a clinically accurate physiological signal). In some examples, a mobile and/or wearable device can comprise sensing circuitry, stimulation circuitry, and processing circuitry. The stimulation circuit can drive one or more stimulation signals on one or more electrodes, the resulting signal(s) can be measured (e.g., by the sensing circuitry), and the processing circuitry can determine whether a user is in contact with the electrode(s). Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, mobile and/or wearable device can comprise saturation detection circuitry, and the processing circuitry can determine whether the sensing circuitry is saturated.

Abstract: An optical sensor can be multiplexed for different clients/features including estimating information or characteristics of a user's physiological signals. Additionally, the clients/features can include estimating information or characteristics independent from a user's physiological signals. As the number of clients increase and/or as the requirements for the clients increase, flexibility can be provided to accommodate the various clients. Parallelization of the optical sensor can be used to improve performance as the number of clients increase. For example, the hardware and software architecture can assemble patterns of time slots that measure all desired light paths for the multiple clients and distribute the corresponding measurements to each client according to the client requests. In some examples, the scanning sequence can be represented by frames including slots associated with multiple clients to compress the representation for larger or more complex scan sequences.

Abstract: Detecting user contact with one or more electrodes of a physiological signal sensor can be used to ensure physiological signals measured by the physiological signal sensor meet waveform characteristics (e.g., of a clinically accurate physiological signal). In some examples, a mobile and/or wearable device can comprise sensing circuitry, stimulation circuitry, and processing circuitry. The stimulation circuit can drive one or more stimulation signals on one or more electrodes, the resulting signal(s) can be measured (e.g., by the sensing circuitry), and the processing circuitry can determine whether a user is in contact with the electrode(s). Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, mobile and/or wearable device can comprise saturation detection circuitry, and the processing circuitry can determine whether the sensing circuitry is saturated.

Abstract: Detecting user contact with one or more electrodes of a physiological signal sensor can be used to ensure physiological signals measured by the physiological signal sensor meet waveform characteristics (e.g., of a clinically accurate physiological signal). In some examples, a mobile and/or wearable device can comprise sensing circuitry, stimulation circuitry, and processing circuitry. The stimulation circuit can drive one or more stimulation signals on one or more electrodes, the resulting signal(s) can be measured (e.g., by the sensing circuitry), and the processing circuitry can determine whether a user is in contact with the electrode(s). Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, mobile and/or wearable device can comprise saturation detection circuitry, and the processing circuitry can determine whether the sensing circuitry is saturated.

Abstract: An earbud may have a housing with an ear portion and an elongated out-of-ear portion that protrudes away from the ear portion. A speaker may be aligned with a speaker port in the ear portion and may emit sound for a user. Audio playback functions and other operations may be controlled using a controller in the earbud. The controller may gather capacitive sensor data and other data and may use this data in identifying an operating mode of the earbud. Using information such as whether the earbud is in an in-ear state or an out-of-ear state or other sensor data, the controller may take actions such as pausing or resuming audio playback or adjusting playback volume. The capacitive sensor data can be gathered using capacitive sensing electrodes located on the ear portion and the stalk portion of the earbud.

Abstract: Detecting user contact with one or more electrodes of a physiological signal sensor can be used to ensure physiological signals measured by the physiological signal sensor meet waveform characteristics (e.g., of a clinically accurate physiological signal). In some examples, a mobile and/or wearable device can comprise sensing circuitry, stimulation circuitry, and processing circuitry. The stimulation circuit can drive one or more stimulation signals on one or more electrodes, the resulting signal(s) can be measured (e.g., by the sensing circuitry), and the processing circuitry can determine whether a user is in contact with the electrode(s). Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, mobile and/or wearable device can comprise saturation detection circuitry, and the processing circuitry can determine whether the sensing circuitry is saturated.

Abstract: An earbud may have a housing with an ear portion and an elongated out-of-ear portion that protrudes away from the ear portion. A speaker may be aligned with a speaker port in the ear portion and may emit sound for a user. Audio playback functions and other operations may be controlled using a controller in the earbud. The controller may gather capacitive sensor data and other data and may use this data in identifying an operating mode of the earbud. Using information such as whether the earbud is in an in-ear state or an out-of-ear state or other sensor data, the controller may take actions such as pausing or resuming audio playback or adjusting playback volume. The capacitive sensor data can be gathered using capacitive sensing electrodes located on the ear portion and the stalk portion of the earbud.

Abstract: This relates to methods and apparatus for mitigating effects of the presence of RF communication signals. In some examples, non-linearity and rectification of the RF communication signals can become rectified in sensor circuitry such that spectral components of a frame or sub-frame timing of the RF communication signals can be aliased into the sensor circuitry output within a bandwidth of interest. In some examples, a notch filter can be employed to remove the aliased RF communication signals from the sensor output. In some examples, a sampling rate used for sampling the user's physiological signals can be generated such that the sampling of the sensor is synchronous with the RF communication signals. In some examples, the sampling rate for the sensor can be generated as an integer multiple or integer submultiple of the frame or sub-frame timing of the RF communication signals.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide a touch panel having an electrode array. The electrode array includes first electrodes arranged on a first layer, each first electrode patterned to include a plurality of sequentially connected first electrode elements that are generally shaped as elongated polygons, and second electrodes arranged on a second layer, each second electrode patterned to include a plurality of sequentially connected second electrode elements that are generally shaped as elongated polygons, wherein the first electrodes on the first layer and the second electrodes on the second layer are arranged over one another so as to form an interlocking pattern.

Abstract: System and methods are provided for touch detection. The system includes: a sensing capacitive network configured to generate a touch-sensing signal based at least in part on a touch panel capacitance; an internal capacitive network configured to generate an input signal based at least in part on a predetermined internal capacitance; a comparative network configured to compare the touch-sensing signal with a reference signal to generate a first comparison result and compare the input signal with the reference signal to generate a second comparison result; and a signal processing component configured to generate a detection result to indicate whether a touch event occurs on the touch panel based at least in part on the first comparison result and the second comparison result.

Abstract: This relates to methods and apparatus for mitigating effects of the presence of RF communication signals. In some examples, non-linearity and rectification of the RF communication signals can become rectified in sensor circuitry such that spectral components of a frame or sub-frame timing of the RF communication signals can be aliased into the sensor circuitry output within a bandwidth of interest. In some examples, a notch filter can be employed to remove the aliased RF communication signals from the sensor output. In some examples, a sampling rate used for sampling the user's physiological signals can be generated such that the sampling of the sensor is synchronous with the RF communication signals. In some examples, the sampling rate for the sensor can be generated as an integer multiple or integer submultiple of the frame or sub-frame timing of the RF communication signals.

Abstract: An electronic device may include an optical source capable of supplying light to an adjacent user's body part having blood flow therein and an optical sensor capable of sensing light from the user's body part. The electronic device may also include at least one gain stage coupled to the optical sensor and a compensation circuit coupled to the at least one gain stage and capable of generating a compensated output signal. The compensation circuit may include a memory capable of storing ambient light compensation data, and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) coupled to the at least one gain stage and capable of compensating for ambient light based upon the stored ambient light compensation data. The electronic device may also include a processor capable of generating a user's heart rate based upon the compensated output signal.

Abstract: A resonant element driver circuit includes a NMOS transistor and a PMOS transistor that are configured to drive a resonant element. The resonant element driver circuit includes biasing circuitry that is configured to bias the PMOS transistor. The biasing circuitry receives a reference signal that is used to set the biasing on the PMOS transistor. The resonant element driver further includes mirror circuitry that tracks current flowing through the NMOS and PMOS transistors.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide a touch panel having an electrode array. The electrode array includes first electrodes arranged on a first layer, each first electrode patterned to include a plurality of sequentially connected first electrode elements that are generally shaped as elongated polygons, and second electrodes arranged on a second layer, each second electrode patterned to include a plurality of sequentially connected second electrode elements that are generally shaped as elongated polygons, wherein the first electrodes on the first layer and the second electrodes on the second layer are arranged over one another so as to form an interlocking pattern.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first supply voltage and a second supply voltage. Level shifter circuitry is configured as a first voltage battery to shift a first voltage and a second voltage battery to shift a second voltage. A first circuit receives the shifted first voltage and sets a third voltage, and receives the shifted second voltage and sets a fourth voltage. The shifted first voltage is greater than the first supply voltage and the shifted second voltage level is less than the second supply voltage. A second circuit sets a fifth voltage and a sixth voltage. The fifth voltage follows the third voltage and the sixth voltage following the fourth voltage.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure process an amplifier circuit. The amplifier circuit includes an input stage, an intermediate stage, an output stage and a detecting and controlling circuit. The input stage is configured to receive an electrical signal for amplification. The intermediate stage is configured to amplify with an adjustable gain. The output stage is configured to drive an audio output device in response to the amplified electrical signal. The detecting and controlling circuit is configured to detect a current for driving the audio output device, and adjust the gain of the intermediate stage based on the current to compensate for a pole change of the amplifier circuit due to a change of the current.

Abstract: New and highly stable oscillators are disclosed.