Abstract: A ceramic composition for forming a ceramic dielectric body having a dielectric constant of less than about 4.2 and a TCE of less than about 4.0 ppm/c. The composition comprises a mixture of finely divided particles of 25-50 weight percent borosilicate glass and 50-75 weight percent high silica glass and 1-25 weight percent sufficient of crystalline ceramic material to inhibit the formation of crystalline forms of silica. The high silica glass contains essentially 0.5-1 wt. % alumina, 1-5 wt. % B.sub.2 O and approximately 95-98 wt. % SiO.sub.2. The mixture is fired at a temperature of less than 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A ceramic composition for forming a ceramic dielectric body having a dielectric constant of less than about 4.2. The composition is formed from a mixture of finely divided particles of 25-50 vol. % borosilicate glass and 50-75 vol. % high silica glass. The borosilicate glass comprises approximately 20-35 wt. % B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and approximately 60-80 wt. % SiO.sub.2. The high silica glass contains essentially 0.5-1 wt. % alumina, 1-5 wt. % B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and approximately 95-98 wt. % SiO.sub.2. The composition can be fired at a temperature of less than 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A nonlinear resistor which exhibits substantial temperature independence over a wide range of temperatures, including low temperatures, is provided. The resistor is formed of a zinc oxide-based ceramic composition which exhibits nonlinear voltage/current characteristics and is essentially unafffected by magnetic fields. The nonlinear resistor provides protection for electrical devices in a circuit from voltage surges and/or transients. In a preferred form, the resistor is manufactured as a multilayer capacitor-type device.

Abstract: The invention discloses a self-limiting ceramic capacitor characterized by high capacitance and transient voltage protective properties comprising a plurality of thin layers of a zinc oxide-based ceramic material having non-linear resistance characteristics with each layer having a conductive coating on at least one surface thereof and the coated ceramic layers sintered together to form a laminated stack. A conductive coating comprising a first electrode of the capacitor is formed on a first edge of the laminated stack of layers and is in electrical communication with a portion of the conductive coating on some of the layers extending to that edge of the layer.

Abstract: A voltage limiting composition, actually a nonlinear resistor, especially suitable for use in a gapless surge arrester is disclosed herein. This composition includes a predetermined amount of zinc oxide as its primary ingredient and one or more specifically selected additives. All of these constituents are combined and sintered so that the composition displays a nonlinear exponent .alpha. at least equal to about 35 over the current range of 1 ma to 5000 amps and such that its energy absorption capability is at least equal to about 50 joules/cm.sup.3.

Abstract: There is provided by this invention a current limiting fuse having a fuse element wound about support means consisting of a non-stoichiometric oxide core that produces an electro-negative gas when heated by the melting fuse element. The generation of the electro-negative gas results in more rapid and efficient arc extinction.

Abstract: There is provided a current limiting fuse having a uniform and supported element with arc voltage controlling and shaping capabilities that can withstand high mechanical and electrical stress.

Abstract: There is provided by this invention a current limiting fuse having a zinc oxide core electrically connected in parallel with an array of wire fuse elements capable of shaping and controlling the arc voltage developed during current interruptions.

Abstract: A non-linear voltage limiting device displaying a particular stability characteristic and designed to eliminate flashover failure across its circumferential edge is disclosed herein along with a specific method of fabrication. The voltage limiting device is characterized by a rising resistive current with time at predetermined temperature and voltage levels and includes a disc-shaped wafer composed primarily of zinc oxide. In accordance with the method disclosed herein, after this wafer is formed and sintered in accordance with prescribed temperature and time requirements, its circumferential edge is provided with an anti-flashover coating which requires curing. Thereafter, the coated wafer is annealed in a way which cures the coating and, at the same time, reduces and preferably minimizes the resistive current rise characteristic referred to above.

Abstract: A sintered nonlinear resistor body, useful in gapless lightning arresters comprises a major amount of ZnO and additional metal oxides including at least Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an amount of selected alkali metal oxide of from about 0.003 mole % to about 0.2 mole %.

Abstract: A sintered nonlinear resistor body, useful in gapless lightning arresters comprises a major amount of ZnO and additional metal oxides including at least Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an amount of boron oxide of from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.25 mole %.

Abstract: A sintered nonlinear resistor body, useful in gapless lightning arresters comprises a major amount of ZnO and additional metal oxides including at least Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an amount of boron oxide of from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.6 mole %, in combination with a total amount of at least one selected alkali metal oxide of from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.3 mole %.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coil for high temperature and high radiation application in which glass is used to insulate the electrical wire. A process for applying the insulation to the wire is disclosed which results in improved insulation properties.

Abstract: A method of making a ZnO powder composition, which can exhibit non-linear V-I characteristics, comprises the steps of: (1) mixing about 75 mole % to about 98 mole % of small, finely divided, solid ZnO and about 2 mole % to about 25 mole % of at least one small, finely divided, solid additive oxide effective to produce nonlinear characteristics, with an aqueous binder solution comprising an organic, water soluble fugitive binder, to provide a slurry; (2) simultaneously drying, mixing and agglomerating the slurried solids into a mass of larger substantially spherical particles containing the finely divided solids and binder; (3) pressing a mass of the agglomerated particles, to provide a cohesive pressed green body; and then (4) heating the pressed body, first at a temperature rate increase effective to slowly decompose and remove the fugitive binder from the body and then heating at a temperature of between 1,050.degree. C. to about 1,400.degree. C.

Abstract: A gapless surge arrester is disclosed herein and includes a porcelain outer casing and a stack of zinc oxide discs located within the casing for passing surge currents therethrough. Silicon dioxide, preferably sand, is provided between this stack in the casing for transferring heat from the discs to the porcelain outer casing as a result of the surge current and for absorbing fault energy where necessary by changing states.

Abstract: Zinc oxide powder and a single phase mixed oxide glass powder including bismuth oxide are mixed and then simultaneously heated and pressed to form a consolidated ceramic body of linear electrical characteristics. Subsequent annealing transforms the body to one of non-linear characteristics.

Abstract: A method for the nondestructive testing of voltage limiting blocks includes the steps of providing several discrete electrical contacts across the block, sequentially applying to each of the contacts a voltage to determine the corresponding current and utilizing the current and voltage values to determine constants related to the microstructure of that particular location. The constants can then be utilized to derive a contour map which will be indicative of a hot spot in such block as determined by a maxima of the contour map.

Abstract: A method of making a homogeneous sintered body, which can exhibit non-linear V-I characteristics, comprises the steps of: (1) forming a single phase, chemically homogeneous glass, from a mixture of oxides containing at least Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, which is effective to cause non-linearity within a ZnO ceramic body, (2) mixing 2.5 wt.% to 40 wt.% of the single phase, chemically homogeneous Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 type glass, with 60 wt.% to 97.5 wt.% of ZnO particles, to form a uniform mixture, (3) pressing the glass-ZnO mixture, to form a consolidated body, and (4) sintering the pressed body, to form a ceramic body consisting of ZnO particles and a chemically homogeneous insulating layer formed from the Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 type glass coating the ZnO particles and bonding the ZnO particles together.

Abstract: A method of making a homogeneous ZnO sintered resistor body, having a substantially uniform density, which can exhibit non-linear V-I characteristics by a bulk effect, comprises the steps of: (1) mixing about 75 mole % to about 98 mole % of small, finely divided, solid ZnO and about 2 mole % to about 25 mole % of at least one small, finely divided, solid additive effective to produce non-linear characteristics within the body, preferably one or more oxides selected from the group consisting of TiO.sub.2, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, FeO, In.sub.2 O.sub.3, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SnO.sub.2, Sn.sub.3 O.sub.4, Mo.sub.2 O, SiO.sub.2, BaO, SrO, PbO, NiO, CaO, MgO, Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, Co.sub.3 O.sub.4, CoO, MnO, MnO.sub.2, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, and Sb.sub.2 O.sub.