Abstract: A computer program generates a wire routing pattern that connects one driver with a plurality of receivers. The overlapping length of each vector pair, which consists of any two vectors headed from the driver to the receivers, is calculated. One vector pair that has the greatest overlapping length is selected. For the selected vector pair, three kinds of common nodes are created, each of which is used to make a common path part of the way to the receivers, to generate three kinds of renewed vector patterns. The operations are repeated and plural candidate routing patters are acquired. One candidate routing pattern having the smallest total wiring length is selected as the optimum routing pattern. If there exist plural patterns that have the same smallest total wiring length, one pattern can be selected that has the smallest one of the greatest D-R path lengths.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multilayer wiring board is provided. A flat surface is formed on a surface of a multilayer wiring layer, and resistive material is deposited on the flat surface. The multilayer wiring board comprises a multilayer wiring layer on whose surface convexo-concave is formed, a dummy layer burying the convexo-concave, a resistance material layer made of an electrical resistance material deposited on the dummy layer and at an area going beyond the dummy layer, and a wire made of a conductive material deposited on the resistance material layer and ranging from the area going beyond the dummy layer to a part of the flat surface area of the dummy layer, wherein a resistive element is formed at an area of the resistance material layer that the wire does not reach.

Abstract: A wiring path of a circuit board has a first vertical path portion penetrating the circuit board at its outer edge in its thickness direction and connected to a connector on one surface, a second vertical path portion penetrating the circuit board in its thickness direction and connected to the electric coupler on the other surface, and a lateral path portion connecting both vertical portions, and the second vertical path portion is formed within an arrangement area (S1) of a reinforcing plate. One connecting end portion (electric coupler side) of the wiring path of the circuit board is disposed within the arrangement area (S1) of the reinforcing plate. On the other hand, the other connecting end portion (probe side) of the wiring path of the circuit board is disposed to be dispersed in an arrangement area (S2) wider than the arrangement area (S1) of the reinforcing plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multilayer wiring board in which resistive elements each of whose error from a desired value is smaller than in a conventional case are built, a method for manufacturing the same, and a probe apparatus utilizing the multilayer wiring board. The present invention is based on a basic concept of forming a flat surface on a surface of a multilayer wiring layer on which a resistive element material is to be deposited and depositing the resistive element material on the flat surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor test apparatus that can reduce influence of noise in high-frequency measurement and that can be manufactured inexpensively by simplification of the constitution. A semiconductor test apparatus according to the present invention is one for use in an electrical test of a semiconductor wafer in which numerous integrated circuits each having electrode pads are incorporated. It comprises a probe card and a tester having a connection portion to the probe card. The probe card has numerous probes that can be connected to the electrode pads of the semiconductor wafer and a probe board having on one surface probe lands to which the probes are attached, having on the other surface tester lands corresponding to the probes, and having wiring paths each connecting the probe land and the tester land corresponding to each other. The tester is directly connected to the probe card as the connection portion contacts the tester lands.

Abstract: A wiring path of a circuit board has a first vertical path portion penetrating the circuit board at its outer edge in its thickness direction and connected to a connector on one surface, a second vertical path portion penetrating the circuit board in its thickness direction and connected to the electric coupler on the other surface, and a lateral path portion connecting both vertical portions, and the second vertical path portion is formed within an arrangement area (S1) of a reinforcing plate. One connecting end portion (electric coupler side) of the wiring path of the circuit board is disposed within the arrangement area (S1) of the reinforcing plate. On the other hand, the other connecting end portion (probe side) of the wiring path of the circuit board is disposed to be dispersed in an arrangement area (S2) wider than the arrangement area (S1) of the reinforcing plate.

Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerator includes a pressure feeding device, a refrigeration device, a high pressure passage, a low pressure passage, and at least one heat exchanger at the high pressure passage for refrigerating the refrigerant introduced at the high pressure passage by heat exchange, the heat exchanger including an active pressure drop type heat exchanger for declining pressure of the refrigerant at the high pressure passage before being introduced into the refrigeration device. The active pressure drop type heat exchanger declines the pressure of the refrigerant with a ratio equal to or greater than 5 percent out of 100 percent and refrigerates the refrigerant when a pressure difference between a pressure of the refrigerant before being introduced into the active pressure drop type heat exchanger and a pressure of the refrigerant before being introduced into the refrigeration device is defined as 100 percent.

Abstract: A recipe providing system and a recipe providing method for presenting a suitable recipe that matches to a user request on specific foodstuff basis and/or specific cooking process basis. A recipe element storing unit stores a recipe element data related to recipes. The recipe elements are hierarchized according to cooking process of one recipe and each of the recipe element has link information to a finished-dish for which the recipe element is used. A recipe generating means retrieves/extracts recipe element data from the recipe element storing unit in accordance with user's recipe request, and generates a recipe. A recipe sending means sends the recipe generated by the recipe generating means to users.

Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerator includes a pressure feeding device, a refrigeration device, a high pressure passage, a low pressure passage, and at least one heat exchanger at the high pressure passage for refrigerating the refrigerant introduced at the high pressure passage by heat exchange, the heat exchanger including an active pressure drop type heat exchanger for declining pressure of the refrigerant at the high pressure passage before being introduced into the refrigeration device. The active pressure drop type heat exchanger declines the pressure of the refrigerant with a ratio equal to or greater than 5 percent out of 100 percent and refrigerates the refrigerant when a pressure difference between a pressure of the refrigerant before being introduced into the active pressure drop type heat exchanger and a pressure of the refrigerant before being introduced into the refrigeration device is defined as 100 percent.

Abstract: A polishing surface cleaning method and apparatus are capable of effectively removing the polishing residue from the polishing surface of a polishing table in a polisher by using a minimal amount of cleaning liquid. In the polisher, a workpiece to be polished is pressed against the polishing surface of the polishing table to polish the workpiece by relative motion between the polishing surface and the workpiece. The polishing surface cleaning apparatus uses mixing spray nozzles for mixing together a cleaning liquid and a gas and spraying the resulting fluid mixture on the polishing surface to clean it.

Abstract: A substrate cleaning apparatus for cleaning a rotating substrate has a scrub cleaning tool for cleaning the substrate by bringing the cleaning tool into contact with the substrate, a liquid jet spray nozzle for cleaning the substrate by yet-spraying a cleaning liquid from the nozzle to the substrate, and a swing mechanism for simultaneously swinging both of the scrub cleaning tool and the liquid jet spray nozzle on and above the substrate. The substrate cleaning apparatus also has a cleaning tool vertical driving mechanism for moving at least the cleaning tool from a position where the cleaning tool is in contact with a surface of the substrate to another position where the cleaning liquid jet-sprayed from the nozzle is applied to the cleaning tool, by vertically moving the cleaning tool.

Abstract: A packing material feeding apparatus for a vertical-type bag form-fill-sealing machine comprises a feeding device for feeding a web as a packing material along a filling tube at a constant velocity during a normal operation of the machine, and a controller for controlling the operation of the feeding device. When a filling operation of articles is absent, the controller reduces a web feeding velocity, and then accelerates the web feeding velocity to the constant velocity when filling of the articles is resumed afterward. The acceleration of the web is carried out using a period equal to or longer than a unit packing period which is required to produce one bag during the normal operation of the machine.

Abstract: A polishing surface cleaning method and apparatus are capable of effectively removing the polishing residue from the polishing surface of a polishing table in a polisher by using a minimal amount of cleaning liquid. In the polisher, a workpiece to be polished is pressed against the polishing surface of the polishing table to polish the workpiece by relative motion between the polishing surface and the workpiece. The polishing surface cleaning apparatus uses mixing spray nozzles for mixing together a cleaning liquid and a gas and spraying the resulting fluid mixture on the polishing surface to clean it.

Abstract: A rotary valve unit in a pulse tube refrigerator is quiet, and has high durability and improved refrigeration efficiency by restricting the generation of unidirectional flow. A center hole is formed on a sliding plane side as a recessed space in the sliding surfaces between the sliding plane and another sliding plane. Since the second center hole is in communication with a low pressure input port via a communication passage, the leakage between the sliding surfaces of the sliding planes can be introduced to the low pressure input port with low pressure.

Abstract: A polishing surface cleaning method and apparatus are capable of effectively removing the polishing residue from the polishing surface of a polishing table in a polisher by using a minimal amount of cleaning liquid. In the polisher, a workpiece to be polished is pressed against the polishing surface of the polishing table to polish the workpiece by relative motion between the polishing surface and the workpiece. The polishing surface cleaning apparatus uses mixing spray nozzles for mixing together a cleaning liquid and a gas and spraying the resulting fluid mixture on the polishing surface to clean it.

Abstract: In a pulse tube refrigerator the refrigeration efficiency has been improved by reducing the on-off valve loss. A second space 47 in a cylinder member 41 is connected with a second high pressure on-off valve 23 and a second low pressure on-off valve 24. A buffer side on-off valve 25 is provided between the buffer space (a buffer tank 50) and the second space 47. By opening the buffer side on-off valve 25 before the second high pressure on-off valve 23 or the second low pressure on-off valve 24 is open, the pressure in the second space 47 can be the intermediate pressure. Since the pressure difference when the valves are open is decreased, the on-off valve loss can be decreased.

Abstract: A rotary valve unit in a pulse tube refrigerator is quiet, and has high durability and improved refrigeration efficiency by restricting the generation of unidirectional flow. A center hole is formed on a sliding plane side as a recessed space in the sliding surfaces between the sliding plane and another sliding plane. Since the second center hole is in communication with a low pressure input port via a communication passage, the leakage between the sliding surfaces of the sliding planes can be introduced to the low pressure input port with low pressure.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator which reduces valve losses in a cycle and improves refrigeration efficiency includes a pressure oscillator, a refrigerating portion, a first middle pressure buffer tank, a first middle pressure buffer side valve, a second middle pressure buffer tank and a second middle pressure buffer side valve. A regenerator in the refrigerating portion and an outlet port and an inlet port of a compressor in the pressure oscillator are connected via a high pressure valve and a low pressure valve respectively. A high temperature heat exchanger of the refrigerating portion and the first middle pressure buffer tank and the second middle pressure buffer tank are connected via the first middle pressure buffer side valve and the second middle pressure buffer side valve. The first middle pressure buffer tank and the second middle pressure buffer tank include different middle pressures which are predetermined between an output pressure and an input pressure of the compressor.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first regenerator, a first cold head, a first pulse tube, a first radiator, a second regenerator, a second cold head, a second pulse tube, a second radiator, an orifice and a buffer tank which are connected in series. A first cooling part consists of the first heat exchanger, the first regenerator, the first cold head, the first pulse tube and the first radiator. A second cooling part consists of the first radiator, the second regenerator, the second cold head, the second pulse tube and the second radiator. The first radiator forms not only the radiator of the first cooling part, but also the heat exchanger of the second cooling part.

Abstract: A vertical sealing device for a packing machine includes a pair of feed units for feeding a cylindrical-formed packaging material and a center heat sealer for the heat-sealing of a vertical seam of the packaging material. When the operation of the machine is halted, the feed units feed the packaging material from a steady speed mode to a deceleration mode. During this deceleration mode, the operation of the center heat sealer is stopped. On the other hand, when the operation of the packing machine is restarted, the feed units feed the packaging material in an acceleration mode, and during this acceleration mode, the center heat sealer starts operating.