Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member with suppressed positive ghosts, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support and a photosensitive layer on the support; the photosensitive layer comprises (?) a compound represented by the formula (1), and (?) at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (2) and a compound represented by the formula (3), wherein a content of the (?) with respect to a content of the (?) is 50 to 850 mass ppm in the photosensitive layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member including: a support, a charge generating layer, and a charge transporting layer in this order, wherein the charge transporting layer contains: a compound represented by the formula (A-1), and at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (A-2) and a compound represented by the formula (A-3).

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member which can suppress the potential fluctuation due to repeated use even with the electrophotographic apparatus of high printing process speed. The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising: a support, a charge generating layer, and a charge transporting layer in this order, wherein the charge transporting layer comprises: (?) a compound represented by the formula (C-1), and (?) at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (C-2) and a compound represented by the formula (C-3), wherein a content of the (?) in the charge transporting layer with respect to a total mass of the charge transporting layer is 250 to 610 mass ppm.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic apparatus including: an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a voltage application unit configured to cause discharge from an electroconductive member to the electrophotographic photosensitive member; a charge transfer amount detection unit configured to detect a charge transfer amount per unit time resulting from the discharge from the electroconductive member to the electrophotographic photosensitive member; and a charging potential control unit, wherein V1 and V2 defined by specific procedures for the electrophotographic photosensitive member satisfy a relationship represented by the following expression (E-4): 100V1<V2?V1 (E-4), and wherein the charging potential control unit is configured to control the charging potential of the electrophotographic photosensitive member at the time of image formation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality and suppressed occurrence of halo. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including, in the following order, a first polarizer, a liquid crystal cell, a second polarizer, and a direct type backlight that uses a point light source, in which a light control member is further provided between the second polarizer and the direct type backlight, and the liquid crystal display device satisfies relationships of the following Expression (1) 70%?(I20/I0)×100?90%, Expression (2) 10%?(I40/I0)×100?35%, and Expression (3) 1%?(I60/I0)×100?20%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality and suppressed occurrence of halo. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including, in the following order, a first polarizer, a liquid crystal cell, a second polarizer, and a direct type backlight that uses a point light source, in which a light control member is further provided between the second polarizer and the direct type backlight, and the liquid crystal display device satisfies relationships of the following Expression (1) 70%?(I20/I0)×100?90%, Expression (2) 10%?(I40/I0)×100?35%, and Expression (3) 1%?(I60/I0)×100?20%.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal composition capable of suppressing a decrease in phase transition temperature from a smectic phase to a nematic phase and suppressing alignment defects in a liquid crystal cured layer thus formed, a liquid crystal cured layer, an optical film, a polarizing plate, and an image display device. The liquid crystal composition includes a liquid crystal compound exhibiting a smectic phase and a freezing point depressant, in which the liquid crystal compound is a compound represented by Formula (I) SP1-MG-SP2, and the liquid crystal composition satisfies Expression (1) |Am?Asl?0.2 and Expression (2-1) in a case of Am?As, Aa?(Am+As)/2 or Expression (2-2) in a case of Am>As, Aa?(Am+As)/2.

Abstract: Provided is a polymerizable liquid crystal composition capable of suppressing the generation of precipitates; and an optically anisotropic layer, an optical film, a polarizing plate, and an image display device. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition contains a forward wavelength dispersion liquid crystal compound A having an aromatic ring having 10 or more ? electrons and a forward wavelength dispersion liquid crystal compound B having an aromatic ring having 6 or more and less than 10 ? electrons.

Abstract: An optical film, a polarizing plate, and an image display device, each having an optically anisotropic layer obtained by curing a polymerizable liquid crystal composition including a polymerizable liquid crystal compound (LCC) having forward wavelength dispersion and a monofunctional compound, and immobilizing an alignment state of the polymerizable LCC. The number a1 of atoms of the polymerizable LCC and the number a2 of atoms of the monofunctional compound satisfy a relationship of Expression (1): 0.2<a2/a1<0.55; the number b1 of the rings B1 contained in the polymerizable LCC and the total number b2 of the aromatic rings Ar and the rings B2 contained in the monofunctional compound satisfy a relationship of Expression (2): b2=b1×0.5 or b2=(b1+1)×0.5.

Abstract: A carburized shaft part having a predetermined composition, a C content at a surface layer part of a mass % of 0.60 to 1.00%, at least one hole at an outer circumferential surface, a total volume ratio of martensite and retained austenite of 97% or more at a structure at a position of a 1 mm depth from the outer circumferential surface in an axial direction of the hole and a position of a 20 ?m depth from the surface of the hole, a maximum retained austenite volume ratio (R1) of 10.0 to 30.0% at a position of a 1 mm depth from the outer circumferential surface in the axial direction of the hole and a range up to a 200 ?m depth from the surface of the hole, and a retained austenite reduction ratio of 20% or more found from R1 and the retained austenite volume ratio (R2) at a position of a 1 mm depth from the outer circumferential surface in the axial direction of the hole and a position of a 20 ?m depth from the surface of the hole by the formula (A): ??=(R1?R)/R1×100.

Abstract: An optical film, a polarizing plate, and an image display device, each having an optically anisotropic layer obtained by curing a polymerizable liquid crystal composition including immobilizing an alignment state of a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound (LCC) having reverse wavelength dispersibility and a monofunctional compound, in which the rod-shaped LCC has polymerizable groups P1 and P2, and three or more rings B1 selected from the group consisting of an aromatic ring and an alicyclic ring a1 atoms of the rod-shaped LCC and a2 atoms of the monofunctional compound having polymerizable group P3, satisfy a relationship of Expression (1): 0.2<a2/a1<0.55; b1 of the rings B1 contained in the rod-shaped LCC and a total b2 of the rings B2 and the aromatic rings Ar contained in the monofunctional compound satisfy a relationship of Expression (2): b2=b1×0.5 or b2=(b1+1)×0.5.

Abstract: A shaft part excellent in static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength containing, by mass %, essential elements of C: 0.35 to 0.70%, Si: 0.01 to 0.40%, Mn: 0.5 to 2.6%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.005 to 0.020%, Al: 0.010 to 0.050%, N: 0.005 to 0.025%, and O: 0.003% or less, further containing optional elements, having a balance of Fe and impurities, having a chemical composition satisfying formula (1), having at least one hole at an outer circumferential surface, having a volume ratio (R1) of 4 to 20% of retained austenite at a position of a 2 mm depth from the outer circumferential surface, having a volume ratio of retained austenite at a position of a 2 mm depth from the outer circumferential surface in an axial direction of the hole and at a position of a 20 ?m depth from the surface of the hole as R2, and having a reduction rate ?? of 40% or more of retained austenite found by the formula (A): ??=[(R1?R2)/R1]×100: Formula (1): 15.0?25.9C+6.35Mn+2.88Cr+3.09Mo+2.73Ni?27.

Abstract: A vehicle seat (10) has a seat cushion (20) and a seat back (30), which are affixed to the body of a vehicle. The seat back (30) has: a first member (50) which is formed in a plate-like shape; and a second member (60) with a hat-shaped cross-section, which is configured so that a flange section (61) is in contact with one surface, in a thickness direction, of the first member (50). A center bead (52) is provided at the center portion of the first member (50). The center bead (52) is configured so that a longitudinal end of the center bead (52) and the second member (60) are overlapped in a plan view viewed in the thickness direction of the first member (50). As a result, the first member (50) of the seat back (30) is prevented from being deformed at the longitudinal end of the center bead (52).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device in which light leak and a tint change when being seen from an oblique direction at the time of black display are suppressed. The liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal cell and a pair of polarizing plates that are disposed such that the liquid crystal cell is interposed between the pair of polarizing plates, in which a tilt angle of the liquid crystal compound is 1.0° or less, respective color filters that are disposed on respective pixel regions of the liquid crystal cell are provided between the pair of polarizing plates, Rth of the respective color filters satisfy predetermined requirements, the polarizing plate that is disposed on the visible side among the pair of polarizing plates includes an optical compensation layer and a polarizer in this order from the liquid crystal cell side, and the optical compensation layer satisfies a predetermined requirement.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which suppresses a color change of light leak depending on a direction in the visual recognition from an oblique direction during black display, and has high display quality. The liquid crystal display device includes, in order, at least: a first polarizer; an optically anisotropic layer a liquid crystal cell; and a second polarizer, the liquid crystal cell has pixels with a screen resolution of 250 ppi or more, the pixels each have at least blue, green, and red subpixels, the subpixel has a chevron structure in which an angle formed between at least one side and an absorption axis of the first polarizer or an absorption axis of the second polarizer is larger than 0° and not larger than 5°, and a depolarization degree of the liquid crystal cell in a visible light region satisfies a predetermined requirement.

Abstract: Provided is a horizontal electric field mode liquid crystal display device in which light leak and tint change at the time of black display are reduced in case of being seen from an oblique direction. The liquid crystal display device is an IPS mode liquid crystal display device including at least a first polarizer, a first optical compensation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order, in which the first optical compensation layer satisfies a predetermined relational expression, a total thickness-direction retardation Rth total(550) present between the liquid crystal layer and the second polarizer in the liquid crystal cell satisfies a predetermined relational expression, and a slow axis of the first optical compensation layer is parallel to an absorption axis of a polarizer layer.

Abstract: A shaft part excellent in static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength containing, by mass %, essential elements of C: 0.35 to 0.70%, Si: 0.01 to 0.40%, Mn: 0.5 to 2.6%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.005 to 0.020%, Al: 0.010 to 0.050%, N: 0.005 to 0.025%, and O: 0.003% or less, further containing optional elements, having a balance of Fe and impurities, having a chemical composition satisfying formula (1), having at least one hole at an outer circumferential surface, having a volume ratio (R1) of 4 to 20% of retained austenite at a position of a 2 mm depth from the outer circumferential surface, having a volume ratio of retained austenite at a position of a 2 mm depth from the outer circumferential surface in an axial direction of the hole and at a position of a 20 ?m depth from the surface of the hole as R2, and having a reduction rate ?? of 40% or more of retained austenite found by the formula (A): ??=[(R1?R2)/R1]×100: Formula (1): 15.0?25.9C+6.35Mn+2.88Cr+3.09Mo+2.73Ni?27.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which suppresses a color change of light leak depending on a direction in the visual recognition from an oblique direction during black display, and has high display quality. The liquid crystal display device includes, in order, at least: a first polarizer; an optically anisotropic layer a liquid crystal cell; and a second polarizer, the liquid crystal cell has pixels with a screen resolution of 250 ppi or more, the pixels each have at least blue, green, and red subpixels, the subpixel has a chevron structure in which an angle formed between at least one side and an absorption axis of the first polarizer or an absorption axis of the second polarizer is larger than 0° and not larger than 5°, and a depolarization degree of the liquid crystal cell in a visible light region satisfies a predetermined requirement.

Abstract: A laminated film having a haze of 1.0% or less and including two kinds of silica particles (silica particles A and silica particles B) in a cured layer, wherein the occupied area proportion of the silica particles A on a cross-sectional TEM image of the cured layer is 0.5% to 20.0% and satisfies the following relationship with the occupied area proportion of the silica particles B: 0.005?occupied area proportion of silica particles A/occupied area proportion of silica particles B?0.400, the variation coefficient of the occupied area proportion of the silica particles A on the cross-sectional TEM image of the cured layer is more than 0.5% and 3.0% or less, and the variation coefficient of the occupied area proportion of the silica particles B is 0.0% to 0.5%; a production method thereof; a polarizing plate; a liquid crystal panel; a liquid crystal display; and a touch panel.

Abstract: Provided is a horizontal electric field mode liquid crystal display device in which light leak and tint change at the time of black display are reduced in case of being seen from an oblique direction. The liquid crystal display device is an IPS mode liquid crystal display device including at least a first polarizer, a first optical compensation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order, in which the first optical compensation layer satisfies a predetermined relational expression, a total thickness-direction retardation Rth total(550) present between the liquid crystal layer and the second polarizer in the liquid crystal cell satisfies a predetermined relational expression, and a slow axis of the first optical compensation layer is parallel to an absorption axis of a polarizer layer.