Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion by which the fluorine-containing emulsifier contained in the fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion as obtained after polymerization can be efficiently removed as well as a fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion low in fluorine-containing emulsifier concentration. The present invention is a method of producing a fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion which comprises carrying out a concentration treatment comprising a concentration operation of a pretreatment fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion, wherein the pretreatment fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion is obtained by carrying out a polymerization in an aqueous medium in the presence of a fluorine-containing surfactant (A), the fluorine-containing surfactant (A) is a fluorine-containing surfactant having an octanol/water partition coefficient of 1.5 to 3.5.

Abstract: There is provided a curable polymer composition being curable quickly to form a cured article having excellent adhesion and followability to a substrate and at least comprising (A) an acrylic copolymer having a hydrogen atom bonded to a silicon atom, (B) a compound having at least two aliphatic unsaturated bonds in one molecule thereof, (C) a fluoroolefin copolymer comprising vinylidene fluoride as main component, and (D) a catalyst for hydrosilylation reaction.

Abstract: Zero point shift based on thermal siphon effect occurring actually when a substrate is processed is detected accurately and corrected suitably. The semiconductor fabrication system comprises a gas supply passage (210) for supplying gas into a heat treatment unit (110), an MFC (240) for comparing an output voltage from a detecting unit for detecting the gas flow rate of the gas supply passage with a set voltage corresponding to a preset flow rate and controlling the gas flow rate of the gas supply passage to the set flow rate, and a control unit (300).

Abstract: There are provided a curable fluorine-containing polymer which can realize a high hardness by photo-curing while maintaining a low refractive index, an antireflection film possessing improved scratch resistance and abrasion resistance while maintaining a reflection reducing effect, and an antireflection-treated article provided with such an antireflection film.

Abstract: A porous hollow fiber membrane which has high blocking performance and high water permeability suitable for filtration and the like and exhibits excellent strength, and a process for stably producing the porous hollow fiber membrane are disclosed. The process utilizes a hollow fiber molding nozzle having two or more circular discharge ports which are disposed concentrically. Multilayer melt-extrusion is performed by discharging molten mixtures which include a thermoplastic resin and an organic liquid and differ in composition from the adjacent discharge ports. The resulting product is cooled to solidify to obtain a hollow fiber. The organic liquid is then removed from the hollow fiber by extraction to produce a porous hollow fiber membrane. The molten mixture discharged from at least one circular discharge port includes an inorganic fine powder in addition to the thermoplastic resin and the organic liquid. The inorganic fine powder is removed by extraction after cooling in addition to the organic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a fluoropolymer, wherein polymerization using a carboxylate ester bond-containing carboxylic acid derivative as a surfactant in an aqueous medium to give the fluoropolymer is conducted, the above carboxylate ester bond-containing carboxylic acid derivative has a carboxylate ester bond and —COOM (M representing H, NH4, Li, Na or K), the above carboxylate ester bond may optionally be substituted by fluorine atom.

Abstract: A switching element 100 includes an insulating substrate 10, a first electrode 20 provided on the insulating substrate 10, a second electrode 30 provided on the insulating substrate 10, and an interelectrode gap 40 provided between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 30, a distance G between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 30 being 0 nm<C?50 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion by which the fluorine-containing emulsifier contained in the fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion as obtained after polymerization can be efficiently removed as well as a fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion low in fluorine-containing emulsifier concentration. The present invention is a method of producing a fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion which comprises carrying out a concentration treatment comprising a concentration operation of a pretreatment fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion, wherein the pretreatment fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion is obtained by carrying out a polymerization in an aqueous medium in the presence of a fluorine-containing surfactant (A), the fluorine-containing surfactant (A) is a fluorine-containing surfactant having an octanol/water partition coefficient of 1.5 to 3.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing an elastomeric fluoropolymer excellent in productivity and crosslinkability. The present invention is a method of producing an elastomeric fluoropolymer comprising polymerizing a fluoromonomer in an aqueous medium in the presence of a vinyl group-containing fluorinated emulsifier and a chain transfer agent, wherein the vinyl group-containing fluorinated emulsifier is a compound having a radical polymerizable unsaturated bond and a hydrophilic group within the molecule thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a fluoropolymer, wherein polymerization using a carboxylate ester bond-containing carboxylic acid derivative as a surfactant in an aqueous medium to give the fluoropolymer is conducted, the above carboxylate ester bond-containing carboxylic acid derivative has a carboxylate ester bond and —COOM (M representing H, NH4, Li, Na or K), the above carboxylate ester bond may optionally be substituted by fluorine atom.

Abstract: A nanogap switching element is equipped with an inter-electrode gap portion including a gap of a nanometer order between a first electrode and a second electrode. A switching phenomenon is caused in the inter-electrode gap portion by applying a voltage between the first and second electrodes. The nanogap switching element is shifted from its low resistance state to its high resistance state by receiving a voltage pulse application of a first voltage value, and shifted from its high resistance state to its low resistance state by receiving a voltage pulse application of a second voltage value lower than the first voltage value. When the nanogap switching element is shifted from the high resistance state to the low resistance state, a voltage pulse of an intermediate voltage value between the first and second voltage values is applied thereto before the voltage pulse application of the second voltage value thereto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high strength hot rolled steel sheet consisting of 0.04 to 0.15% C, 1.5% or less Si, 0.5 to 1.6% Mn, 0.04% or less P, 0.005% or less S, 0.04% or less Al, 0.03 to 0.15% Ti, 0.03 to 0.5% Mo, by mass, and balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and having a microstructure consisting of ferrite containing precipitates, second phase of bainite and/or martensite, and other phase, wherein the percentage of the ferrite containing precipitates is 40 to 95%, and the percentage of the other phase is 5% or less. For example, the high strength hot rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 1.4 mm shows a tensile strength of 780 MPa or higher, an elongation of 22% or higher elongation, and a hole expansion ratio of 60% or higher, thus the steel sheet is suitable for reinforcing members automobile cabin and crash worthiness members of automobile.

Abstract: The present claimed invention is a film forming system 1 that forms a film by vaporizing a liquid precursor and then depositing the vaporized liquid precursor on a substrate 2, and comprises a chamber 3 inside of which the substrate 2 is held, an injection valve 4 that directly injects the liquid precursor into the chamber 3, and a control unit 11 that alternately sets a supplying period while the liquid precursor is directly injected into the chamber 3 to supply the liquid precursor in a vaporized state and a supply halt period while the liquid precursor is not supplied into the chamber 3 and controls the supplying period and the supply halt period by periodically opening and closing the injection valve 4 so as to intermittently supply the liquid precursor into the chamber 3, and is characterized by that the control unit 11 controls the supply halt period to be equal to or longer than a migration/evaporation period necessary for atoms or molecules of the liquid precursor deposited on the substrate 2 to migra

Abstract: A material for solid polyelectrolytes which comprises a polymer comprising two or more fluoropolymer segments differing in monomer composition, wherein at least one of the fluoropolymer segments has sulfonic acid type functional groups.

Abstract: A hot-rolled steel strip having superior low temperature toughness and weldability, which is suitably used as a starting material for high strength electric resistance welding pipe, is provided at a low cost without constructing new production facilities and increasing cost. The hot-rolled steel strip is low carbon steel containing at least one of about 0.5.% or less of Cu, about 0.5% or less of Ni, and about 0.5% or less of Mo, wherein Pcm represented by the following equation (1) is 0.17 or less: Pcm=(% C)+(% Si)/30+((% Mn)+(% Cu))/20+(% Ni)/60+(% Mo)/7+(% V)/10??Equation (1), (where (% M) indicates the content of element M on a mass percent basis), and the balance includes Fe and incidental impurities. In addition, in the entire microstructure, the ratio of bainitic ferrite, which is a primary phase, is controlled to be about 95 percent by volume or more.

Abstract: Zero point shift based on thermal siphon effect occurring actually when a substrate is processed is detected accurately and corrected suitably. The semiconductor fabrication system comprises a gas supply passage (210) for supplying gas into a heat treatment unit (110), an MFC (240) for comparing an output voltage from a detecting unit for detecting the gas flow rate of the gas supply passage with a set voltage corresponding to a preset flow rate and controlling the gas flow rate of the gas supply passage to the set flow rate, and a control unit (300).

Abstract: The present invention provides a hot-rolled high strength steel sheet in which, without using expensive Mo, by effectively using Ti which is an inexpensive element and the amount of precipitation hardening of which is large, both ductility and stretch-flangeability are improved at a tensile strength of 780 MPa or higher, and excellent tensile fatigue properties are exhibited; and a method for producing the hot-rolled high strength steel sheet. A hot-rolled high strength steel sheet having a composition including, in percent by mass, C: 0.06% to 0.15%, Si: 1.2% or less, Mn: 0.5% to 1.6%, P: 0.04% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Al: 0.05% or less, and Ti: 0.03% to 0.

Abstract: A two-terminal resistance switching element, wherein two silicon films each doped with an impurity are arranged with a gap width in the order of nanometers.

Abstract: A switching element comprising: an insulative substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode provided on one surface of the insulative substrate; and an interelectrode gap which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and which has a gap on the order of nanometers in which switching phenomenon of resistance occurs by applying predetermined voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the one surface of the insulative substrate contains nitrogen.

Abstract: It is possible to provide the heat resistant material and coating material for OA equipment which comprise a fluorine-containing multi-segment polymer having heat resistance, abrasion resistance, non-sticking property against toner and oil resistance in addition to flexibility and are used particularly on surfaces of fuser roll and belt. Those materials comprise a fluorine-containing multi-segment polymer having an elastomeric fluorine-containing polymer chain segment A and a non-elastomeric fluorine-containing polymer chain segment B, and the elastomeric fluorine-containing polymer chain segment A comprises not less than 90% by mole of perhaloolefin unit as a recurring unit and imparts flexibility to the whole polymer.