Abstract: A photoconductor is provided. The photoconductor includes an electroconductive substrate; an intermediate layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer located overlying the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes at least a resin, and a particulate zinc oxide that includes sodium, sulfur and calcium in amounts of from 10 ppm to 200 ppm, from 50 ppm to 500 ppm, and from 10 ppm to 200 ppm, respectively.

Abstract: An image bearing member includes a substrate, and a photosensitive layer overlying the substrate, wherein an uppermost surface layer of the image bearing member has a hydrocarbon compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1; and a three-dimensionally cross-linked polymer formed by polymerization reaction of a charge transport compound having three or more [tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups linked with aromatic rings, wherein, in the polymerization reaction, part of the three or more [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups is severed and detached from the charge transport compound, Ph1-Q1-Ph2-Q2-Ph3??Chemical Formula 1 where Q1 and Q2 independently represent methylene groups or ethylene groups, Ph1 and Ph3 independently represent phenyl groups with which one or two methyl groups are bonded, and Ph2 represents a phenylene group or a phenylene group having one methyl group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including a support, an undercoat layer overlying the support, and a photosensitive layer overlying the undercoat layer is provided. The undercoat layer includes zinc oxide particles and a binder resin. The undercoat layer has a voltage (V)-current (I) characteristics such that, when S1 is a value obtained by integrating current (I[A]) in terms of voltage (V[V]) from 0 to a distribution voltage VUL[V] distributed to the undercoat layer, and S2 is a value obtained by integrating a line connecting two points at a voltage (V[V]) of 0 and the distribution voltage VUL[V] in terms of voltage (V[V]) from 0 to the distribution voltage VUL[V], S1 is within a range of from 1.0×10?4 to 1.0×10?2 and a ratio (S1/S2) of S1 to S2 is 0.50 or less.

Abstract: Provided is: a resin compound having an immobilized sugar chain, obtained by reacting a an epoxy-group-containing compound (B) with a hydrophilic resin (A), followed by reacting an amino-group-containing compound (C) therewith, and then reacting a sugar therewith; a virus-removal-polymer substrate obtained by coating the resin compound on a polymer support to immobilize a sugar chain that can adsorb a virus; and a biocompatible material using the resin compound.

Abstract: A photoconductor is provided. The photoconductor includes an electroconductive substrate; an intermediate layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer located overlying the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes at least a resin, and a particulate zinc oxide that includes sodium, sulfur and calcium in amounts of from 10 ppm to 200 ppm, from 50 ppm to 500 ppm, and from 10 ppm to 200 ppm, respectively.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate, a charge generation layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate, a hole transport layer located on the charge generation layer, and a hole transport protective layer located on the hole transport layer. The hole transport protective layer includes a three-dimensionally crosslinked material obtained by irradiating a composition including at least a radically polymerizable hole transport compound with ultraviolet rays or electron beams so that the radically polymerizable hole transport compound causes chain polymerization. In addition, the protective layer includes a specific cyano-containing styryl aromatic compound or a specific cyano-containing distyryl aromatic compound.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including: an electrically conductive substrate; and at least a photoconductive layer on the electrically conductive substrate, wherein the electrophotographic photoconductor includes an uppermost surface layer, and the uppermost surface layer includes an inorganic filler, an acidic disperser and a three-dimensionally crosslinked polymer, wherein the three-dimensionally crosslinked polymer is formed through polymerization among compounds each containing a charge transporting compound and three or more [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups where the charge transporting compound has one or more aromatic rings and the [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups are bound to the aromatic rings of the charge transporting compound, and wherein the polymerization proceeds after some of the [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups have been partially cleaved and eliminated with an acid catalyst.

Abstract: An image bearing member includes a substrate, and a photosensitive layer overlying the substrate, wherein an uppermost surface layer of the image bearing member has a hydrocarbon compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1; and a three-dimensionally cross-linked polymer formed by polymerization reaction of a charge transport compound having three or more [tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups linked with aromatic rings, wherein, in the polymerization reaction, part of the three or more [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups is severed and detached from the charge transport compound, Ph1-Q1-Ph2-Q2-Ph3??Chemical Formula 1 where Q1 and Q2 independently represent methylene groups or ethylene groups, Ph1 and Ph3 independently represent phenyl groups with which one or two methyl groups are bonded, and Ph2 represents a phenylene group or a phenylene group having one methyl group.

Abstract: A photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer overlying the electroconductive substrate, wherein the uppermost surface layer of the photosensitive layer has a three-dimensional cross-linked product formed by polymerization reaction of a charge transport compound A represented by the following Chemical Structure 1 and a charge transport compound B having three or more [tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups linked with aromatic rings in which part of the [tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups is severed and detached. In the Chemical Structure 1, Ar1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms that may have an alkyl group having one to four carbon atoms as a substitution group.

Abstract: A photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; a photosensitive layer which is located overlying the electroconductive substrate and which is not radically crosslinked; and an outermost layer which is located overlying the photosensitive layer and which includes a radically crosslinked material, wherein the radically crosslinked material includes a unit having a specific formula. An image forming method, an image forming apparatus, and a process cartridge, which use the photoreceptor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sugar-immobilized polymer substrate for removing a virus, the polymer substrate allowing efficient removal of a hepatitis virus or the like in a fluid, and a method for removing a virus. In particular, the present invention provides a sugar-immobilized polymer substrate for removing a hepatitis virus or the like, the polymer substrate allowing, in the case of an application to blood of a living body, reduction in the amount of blood taken out of the body, reduction in the removal amount of blood useful components, low invasiveness, and shortening of the operation cycle; and a method for removing a virus. A hollow fiber membrane according to the present invention can be used as a module having a function of effectively removing a virus and a function of not removing useful plasma components.

Abstract: A furan derivative represented by the following General Formula (1): where Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent an aryl group which may have a substituent, and R1 represents a C1-C6 alkylene group.

Abstract: To provide: a latent electrostatic image bearing member including one of a cured material obtained through radical polymerization of a radically polymerizable compound of component (A1), and a cured material obtained through radical polymerization of a radically polymerizable compound of component (A2) in the outermost layer, wherein the component (A1) includes two radically polymerizable groups and a substituted amino group which does not include a radically polymerizable group in a molecule, and the radically polymerizable group and the nearest substituted amino group which does not include an unsaturated bond in between are connected with two or more aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, and, the radically polymerizable compound of component (A2) includes a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formed by bonding a radically polymerizable group and a non-radically polymerizable substituted amine group through a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group; and an image forming apparatus, image forming meth

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including: a conductive substrate; and at least a photoconductive layer on the conductive substrate, wherein an uppermost surface layer of the photoconductive layer includes a three-dimensionally crosslinked film formed through polymerization among compounds each containing a charge transporting compound and three or more [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups where the charge transporting compound has one or more aromatic rings and the [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups are bound to the aromatic rings of the charge transporting compound, wherein the polymerization starts after some of the [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups have been partially cleaved and eliminated, and wherein the three-dimensionally cross-linked film has an ionization potential of 5.4 or higher.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including: a conductive substrate; and at least a photoconductive layer on the conductive substrate, wherein an uppermost surface layer of the photoconductive layer includes a three-dimensionally crosslinked film formed through polymerization among compounds each containing a charge transporting compound and three or more [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups where the charge transporting compound has one or more aromatic rings and the [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups are bound to the aromatic rings of the charge transporting compound, wherein the polymerization starts after some of the [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups have been partially cleaved and eliminated, and wherein the three-dimensionally crosslinked film has a dielectric constant of lower than 3.5.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including: an electrically conductive substrate; and at least a photoconductive layer on the electrically conductive substrate, wherein the electrophotographic photoconductor includes an uppermost surface layer, and the uppermost surface layer includes an inorganic filler, an acidic disperser and a three-dimensionally crosslinked polymer, wherein the three-dimensionally crosslinked polymer is formed through polymerization among compounds each containing a charge transporting compound and three or more [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups where the charge transporting compound has one or more aromatic rings and the [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups are bound to the aromatic rings of the charge transporting compound, and wherein the polymerization proceeds after some of the [(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups have been partially cleaved and eliminated with an acid catalyst.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including a conductive support, a charge generating layer, a hole transporting layer, and a hole transporting-protective layer, these layers being laminated in this order on the conductive support, wherein the hole transporting-protective layer contains a three-dimensionally crosslinked product which is obtained through chain polymerization of at least a radical polymerizable hole-transporting compound by irradiating the radical polymerizable hole-transporting compound with an active energy beam, and wherein the hole transporting-protective layer contains an oxazole compound represented by General Formula (1) or (2) below:

Abstract: A photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer overlying the electroconductive substrate, wherein the uppermost surface layer of the photosensitive layer has a three-dimensional cross-linked product formed by polymerization reaction of a charge transport compound A represented by the following Chemical Structure 1 and a charge transport compound B having three or more [tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups linked with aromatic rings in which part of the [tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]methyl groups is severed and detached. In the Chemical Structure 1, Ar1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms that may have an alkyl group having one to four carbon atoms as a substitution group.

Abstract: A furan derivative represented by the following General Formula (1): where Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent an aryl group which may have a substituent, and R1 represents a C1-C6 alkylene group.

Abstract: To provide an electrophotographic photoconductor that comprises a support and a cross-linked layer formed over the support, wherein the cross-linked layer comprises at least light curable of radically polymerizable compound, the difference of maximum value of the post-exposure electrical potential and minimum value of the post-exposure electrical potential when writing is conducted under the condition that image static power is 0.53 mW, exposure energy is 4.0 erg/cm2 for the electrophotographic photoconductor is within 30V.