Abstract: A projection system includes a projection device that projects drawings individually onto a plurality of work spots in a work site. The projection device includes a driver that changes an orientation of the projection device. When drawings are individually projected onto a first work spot and a second work spot in a stated sequence, and the second work spot is outside a projection angle that is projectable by the projection device, the driver changes the orientation of the projection device to include the second work spot within the projection angle after work at the first work spot is finished. The first work spot and the second work spot are included in the plurality of work spots.

Abstract: Provided are a thermoplastic polymer capable of reducing a dielectric dissipation factor in high frequency bands and a film thereof. The thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer includes repeating units represented by the following formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV), in which a molar ratio of a total amount of the repeating units represented by formulae (I) and (II) to a total amount of all the repeating units in the thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer is 50 to 90 mol %, and a molar ratio of the repeating unit represented by formula (III) to the repeating unit represented by formula (IV) is the former/the latter=23/77 to 77/23.

Abstract: A toner amount detector detects an amount of toner in a toner bottle. The toner amount detector includes at least one pair of electrodes disposed opposite each other via the toner bottle, grounding members disposed outboard of the at least one pair of electrodes and electrically grounded, circuitry to switch a first detection processing and a second detection processing, and an indicator to indicate that a positional deviation of the at least one pair of electrodes has occurred. The grounding members face the at least one pair of electrodes. The first detection processing detects the amount of toner based on a first capacitance between the at least one pair of electrodes, and the second detection processing detects a positional deviation based on a second capacitance between each of the grounding members and a corresponding one of the at least one pair of electrodes.

Abstract: A vehicle system in a vehicle, comprising a first sensor configured to survey an environment proximate to the vehicle, including an object outside of the vehicle, a second sensor located within a vehicle cabin and configured to obtain data indicative of facial information of an occupant of the vehicle, and a processor in communication with the first and second sensors and programmed to output information regarding the object on a display of the vehicle system in response to the data indicative of the facial information indicating that the occupant is viewing the object outside of the vehicle.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an electrode pair including two electrodes facing each other; a powder container interposed between the two electrodes and including a storage medium that is communicably coupled to the image forming apparatus; a capacitance detector configured to detect capacitance between the two electrodes; a powder container mounting determiner configured to determine whether the powder container is mounted to the image forming apparatus based on the capacitance, upon detecting that communication is not possible between the image forming apparatus and the storage medium; and an image forming execution controller configured to cause the image forming apparatus to execute image formation, upon determining, by the powder container mounting determiner, that the powder container is mounted to the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A toner amount detector detects an amount of toner in a toner bottle. The toner amount detector includes at least one pair of electrodes disposed opposite each other via the toner bottle, grounding members disposed outboard of the at least one pair of electrodes and electrically grounded, circuitry to switch a first detection processing and a second detection processing, and an indicator to indicate that a positional deviation of the at least one pair of electrodes has occurred. The grounding members face the at least one pair of electrodes. The first detection processing detects the amount of toner based on a first capacitance between the at least one pair of electrodes, and the second detection processing detects a positional deviation based on a second capacitance between each of the grounding members and a corresponding one of the at least one pair of electrodes.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an electrode pair including two electrodes facing each other; a powder container interposed between the two electrodes and including a storage medium that is communicably coupled to the image forming apparatus; a capacitance detector configured to detect capacitance between the two electrodes; a powder container mounting determiner configured to determine whether the powder container is mounted to the image forming apparatus based on the capacitance, upon detecting that communication is not possible between the image forming apparatus and the storage medium; and an image forming execution controller configured to cause the image forming apparatus to execute image formation, upon determining, by the powder container mounting determiner, that the powder container is mounted to the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A remaining toner amount detecting apparatus detects a remaining toner amount in a toner bottle. The remaining toner amount detecting apparatus includes at least one pair of electrodes that are configured to face each other with the toner bottle interposed between the electrodes; a first estimator configured to estimate the remaining toner amount based on a capacitance between the electrodes of the at least one pair of electrodes; a second estimator configured to estimate the remaining toner amount by counting a number of pixels in a printed image; and an estimation selector configured to use either one of the first estimator or the second estimator to output the remaining toner amount, based on a temperature or a humidity inside an apparatus in which the toner bottle is mounted.

Abstract: A remaining toner amount detecting apparatus detects a remaining toner amount in a toner bottle. The remaining toner amount detecting apparatus includes at least one pair of electrodes that are configured to face each other with the toner bottle interposed between the electrodes; a first estimator configured to estimate the remaining toner amount based on a capacitance between the electrodes of the at least one pair of electrodes; a second estimator configured to estimate the remaining toner amount by counting a number of pixels in a printed image; and an estimation selector configured to use either one of the first estimator or the second estimator to output the remaining toner amount, based on a temperature or a humidity inside an apparatus in which the toner bottle is mounted.

Abstract: In a seat component received in a receiving region of a first body of a body, one surface of a contacting portion and one surface of an engaging portion are planar and are flush with each other, and the other surface of the contacting portion and the other surface of the engaging portion are planar and are flush with each other. The engaging portion engages two portions of the first body, which form one opening of the receiving region, in a state where a distal end of the seat component reaches another opening of the receiving region. Furthermore, in the state where the engaging portion engages the portions of the first body, a second body of the body covers the one opening and contacts the engaging portion. Thereby, the engaging portion engages the three portions of the body, so that movement of the seat component is effectively limited.

Abstract: A vehicle system in a vehicle, comprising a first sensor configured to survey an environment proximate to the vehicle, including an object outside of the vehicle, a second sensor located within a vehicle cabin and configured to obtain data indicative of facial information of an occupant of the vehicle, and a processor in communication with the first and second sensors and programmed to output information regarding the object on a display of the vehicle system in response to the data indicative of the facial information indicating that the occupant is viewing the object outside of the vehicle.

Abstract: Provided are a thermoplastic polymer capable of reducing a dielectric dissipation factor in high frequency bands and a film thereof. The thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer includes repeating units represented by the following formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV), in which a molar ratio of a total amount of the repeating units represented by formulae (I) and (II) to a total amount of all the repeating units in the thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer is 50 to 90 mol %, and a molar ratio of the repeating unit represented by formula (III) to the repeating unit represented by formula (IV) is the former/the latter=23/77 to 77/23.

Abstract: Switch units control ON and OFF of communication between a master device and slave devices. Signal levels of communication lines between switch units and slave devices are maintained at a predetermined level. A switch unit in a first stage is turned on and off by a first switch control signal. A switch unit in a second stage is turned on and off by a switch control signal generated based on a level of a communication line in the first stage and the first switch control signal. A switch unit in each of subsequent stages is turned on and off by a switch control signal generated based on a level of a communication line in a preceding stage and a switch control signal in a second preceding stage. A portion of ground short circuit is identified based on states of communication between the master device and the slave devices.

Abstract: Provided are circuit board excellent in interlayer adhesion and solder heat resistance, and production method thereof. The circuit board is produced by a method including: preparing a plurality of at least one kind of thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer (TLCP) films, forming a conductor layer on one side or both sides of a film in at least one of the films to obtain a unit circuit board, laminating the films containing the unit circuit board to obtain a stacked material, conducting thermo-compression-bonding of the stacked material under pressurization to a first temperature giving an interlayer adhesion to integrate the stacked material, carrying out structure-controlling thermal treatment by heating the integrated stacked material at a second temperature which is lower than the first temperature and is lower than a melting point of a TLCP having a lowest melting point out of the plurality of TLCP films.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus is mounted on a vehicle including an emergency stop function to detect an abnormal state of a driver and automatically stop the vehicle. The vehicle control apparatus provides control at a time of stopping the vehicle and includes process execution sections and a process stop section. The process execution sections perform predetermined emergency processes in response to the emergency stop function stopping the vehicle; the emergency processes control instruments mounted on the vehicle and use a battery of the vehicle as a driving power source. The process stop section stepwise stops at least part of the emergency processes performed by the process execution sections based on a predetermined stop sequence.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus is mounted on a vehicle including an emergency stop function to detect an abnormal state of a driver and automatically stop the vehicle. The vehicle control apparatus provides control at a time of stopping the vehicle and includes process execution sections and a process stop section. The process execution sections perform predetermined emergency processes in response to the emergency stop function stopping the vehicle; the emergency processes control instruments mounted on the vehicle and use a battery of the vehicle as a driving power source. The process stop section stepwise stops at least part of the emergency processes performed by the process execution sections based on a predetermined stop sequence.

Abstract: In a seat component received in a receiving region of a first body of a body, one surface of a contacting portion and one surface of an engaging portion are planar and are flush with each other, and the other surface of the contacting portion and the other surface of the engaging portion are planar and are flush with each other. The engaging portion engages two portions of the first body, which form one opening of the receiving region, in a state where a distal end of the seat component reaches another opening of the receiving region. Furthermore, in the state where the engaging portion engages the portions of the first body, a second body of the body covers the one opening and contacts the engaging portion. Thereby, the engaging portion engages the three portions of the body, so that movement of the seat component is effectively limited.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus is mounted on a vehicle including an emergency stop function to detect an abnormal state of a driver and automatically stop the vehicle. The vehicle control apparatus provides control at a time of stopping the vehicle and includes process execution sections and a process stop section. The process execution sections perform predetermined emergency processes in response to the emergency stop function stopping the vehicle; the emergency processes control instruments mounted on the vehicle and use a battery of the vehicle as a driving power source. The process stop section stepwise stops at least part of the emergency processes performed by the process execution sections based on a predetermined stop sequence.

Abstract: Switch units control ON and OFF of communication between a master device and slave devices. Signal levels of communication lines between switch units and slave devices are maintained at a predetermined level. A switch unit in a first stage is turned on and off by a first switch control signal. A switch unit in a second stage is turned on and off by a switch control signal generated based on a level of a communication line in the first stage and the first switch control signal. A switch unit in each of subsequent stages is turned on and off by a switch control signal generated based on a level of a communication line in a preceding stage and a switch control signal in a second preceding stage. A portion of ground short circuit is identified based on states of communication between the master device and the slave devices.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus is mounted on a vehicle including an emergency stop function to detect an abnormal state of a driver and automatically stop the vehicle. The vehicle control apparatus provides control at a time of stopping the vehicle and includes process execution sections and a process stop section. The process execution sections perform predetermined emergency processes in response to the emergency stop function stopping the vehicle; the emergency processes control instruments mounted on the vehicle and use a battery of the vehicle as a driving power source. The process stop section stepwise stops at least part of the emergency processes performed by the process execution sections based on a predetermined stop sequence.