Abstract: Apparatus for fighting fires including a plurality of nozzles mounted on an aerial ladder and supplied with water under pressure which is directed onto the fire. Each of the nozzles is controlled from a remote position in a manner such that the direction of the water and the intensity of the water being discharged can be altered as desired.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing ice forces on a marine structure erected in a body of water which becomes frozen through natural weather conditions. The structure has a low-ice-adhesional wall forming its perimetrical surface in the zone where natural ice will freeze onto or impinge against the structure. Enclosed chambers are built within the structure and may be in heat-transmitting relationship with the outer wall. Heat is applied to the chambers to heat and maintain the outer wall at a temperature above the melting point of the natural ice occurring in the water around it. In a preferred embodiment, the marine structure is formed with a heated wall which slopes upwardly and inwardly in the area of ice contact to provide a ramp-like surface upon which a sheet of ice will be forced with reduced friction as it moves against the structure. Thus, an edge of the sheet of ice will be prevented from strongly adhering to the structure either initially or subsequently.