Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods for directing an autonomous robotic vehicle such as a lawn mower relative to a work region. In some embodiments, the vehicle travels in a random pattern within a travelling containment zone of a lesser size than the work region. The travelling containment zone may move or travel across the work region such that, over time, the travelling containment zone travels over most all of a working surface of the work region.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for controlling a pressure dissipation valve comprising a closure element, a spring applying a spring force urging the closure element toward the closed position, and an electromagnetic actuator responding to an applied voltage to urge the closure element to an open position. The method may include: applying a constant voltage until the closure element begins motion counter to the spring force; immediately ending the voltage upon the beginning of motion; thereafter, applying a pulsed voltage to the actuator to induce a substantially constant holding-open current intensity; maintaining the pulsed voltage for a predetermined duration to hold the closure element open; and interrupting the application of voltage after the predetermined duration, wherein the closure element moves into the closed position as a result of the spring force.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods for directing an autonomous robotic vehicle such as a lawn mower relative to a work region. In some embodiments, the vehicle travels in a random pattern within a travelling containment zone of a lesser size than the work region. The travelling containment zone may move or travel across the work region such that, over time, the travelling containment zone travels over most all of a working surface of the work region.

Abstract: Herein is reported a method for selecting an antibody with a systematic clearance in cynomolgus monkeys of less than 8 mL/kg/day comprising the steps of measuring the retention time of the antibody on performing an FcRn affinity chromatography with a positive linear pH gradient and on a heparin affinity chromatography with a positive linear conductivity/salt gradient, and selecting an antibody that has a relative retention time on the FcRn affinity chromatography column is less than 1.78 times the retention time difference between peaks 2 and 3 the retention time of preparation of an oxidized anti-Her3 antibody of SEQ ID NO: 03 and 04, and a relative retention time on the heparin affinity chromatography column is less than 0.87 times the retention time of an anti-pTau antibody of SEQ ID NO: 01 and 02.

Abstract: Autonomous machine navigation techniques may generate a three-dimensional point cloud that represents at least a work region based on feature data and matching data. Pose data associated with points of the three-dimensional point cloud may be generated that represents poses of an autonomous machine. A boundary may be determined using the pose data for subsequent navigation of the autonomous machine in the work region. Non-vision-based sensor data may be used to determine a pose. The pose may be updated based on the vision-based pose data. The autonomous machine may be navigated within the boundary of the work region based on the updated pose. The three-dimensional point cloud may be generated based on data captured during a touring phase. Boundaries may be generated based on data captured during a mapping phase.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for controlling a pressure dissipation valve comprising a closure element, a spring applying a spring force urging the closure element toward the closed position, and an electromagnetic actuator responding to an applied voltage to urge the closure element to an open position. The method may include: applying a constant voltage until the closure element begins motion counter to the spring force; immediately ending the voltage upon the beginning of motion; thereafter, applying a pulsed voltage to the actuator to induce a substantially constant holding-open current intensity; maintaining the pulsed voltage for a predetermined duration to hold the closure element open; and interrupting the application of voltage after the predetermined duration, wherein the closure element moves into the closed position as a result of the spring force.

Abstract: A high-pressure injection device for an internal combustion engine to which engine segment times are assigned, having a high-pressure pump, a rail connected to the high-pressure pump via a high-pressure fuel line, at least one injector, a digital pressure reduction valve connected to the rail, a fuel return line connected to the pressure reduction valve, and a control unit. The control unit is configured to switch the pressure reduction valve into the transmissive state only in predetermined engine segment times, and to maintain said transmissive state of the pressure reduction valve for a time period which is greater than the duration of one engine segment time.

Abstract: A method for regulating the rail pressure in an injection system of a motor vehicle is described. For the purpose of regulating the rail pressure, a high-pressure pump, which is provided with a digital inlet valve, is actuated, wherein the digital inlet valve is activated such that it is matched to the delivery and suction phase physically present. In this way, it is possible for pressure regulation to be achieved by way of a digital valve even for transmission ratios at which the pump does not have exactly a multiple of delivery and suction phases during two engine cycles.

Abstract: A high-pressure injection device for an internal combustion engine to which engine segment times are assigned, having a high-pressure pump, a rail connected to the high-pressure pump via a high-pressure fuel line, at least one injector, a digital pressure reduction valve connected to the rail, a fuel return line connected to the pressure reduction valve, and a control unit. The control unit is configured to switch the pressure reduction valve into the transmissive state only in predetermined engine segment times, and to maintain said transmissive state of the pressure reduction valve for a time period which is greater than the duration of one engine segment time.

Abstract: An injection system for an internal combustion engine may include a high-pressure pump for delivering fuel at high pressure into a high-pressure region, wherein the high-pressure pump includes an inlet valve and an electrically switched, digitally actuated outlet valve. The outlet valve is designed as a normally-open outlet valve. In this way, it is possible to dispense with a pressure relief valve for the high-pressure region.

Abstract: An injection system for an internal combustion engine may include a high-pressure pump for delivering fuel at high pressure into a high-pressure region, wherein the high-pressure pump includes an inlet valve and an electrically switched, digitally actuated outlet valve. The outlet valve is designed as a normally-open outlet valve. In this way, it is possible to dispense with a pressure relief valve for the high-pressure region.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for operating a high-pressure accumulator fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle which has a stop-start automatic function by way of which the internal combustion engine can be switched off and restarted afterwards independent of the intervention of the driver of the motor vehicle, the fuel being conveyed to the high-pressure accumulator as needed by means of a high-pressure pump and the pressure of the fuel being adjusted on the pressure side by means of a pressure control valve which is electrically actuated and open when de-energized. According to the method, the supply with power of the pressure control valve is adapted to the prevailing pressure in the high-pressure accumulator during a stop phase within a stop-start cycle.

Abstract: A valve includes a spring having a spring force, an actuator having an actuator force that acts against the spring force, and a tappet that can be actuated by means of the actuator. The valve also includes a sealing element, which is or can be coupled to the tappet, and a sealing seat, such that the valve is closed when the sealing element lies against the sealing seat. A current having a specified curve, proceeding from an initial value of the current to a specified final value of the current, is applied during a specified time interval of the actuator after a closing phase of the valve for a normally open valve or after an opening phase for a normally closed valve. The initial value of the current is less than the final value.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for detecting when a closing point of a hydraulic valve has been reached. The valve has a closing element operated by an electric actuator. A predetermined voltage for closing the valve is applied to the actuator. A profile of a current flowing through the actuator is detected. Based on a first increase in the profile corresponding to the valve being at least partially open, a subsequent decrease in the profile corresponding to the closing element carrying out a movement to close the valve, and a second increase in the profile following said decrease in the profile, a local minimum of the detected current is determined between the decrease and the second increase in the profile. Depending on the local minimum of the detected current, a closing point is then determined which corresponds to a time point of the local minimum of the detected current.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a valve having a spring, a pin, and an actuator for actuating the pin. A current having a specified current profile is applied to the actuator, starting from an initial current value at which the pin is in an initial position in which the pin allows the valve to move between open and closed positions. The current profile includes a section or several consecutive sections, wherein each section defines an initial current value and a final current value, a first time interval having a continuously falling current, and a subsequent second time interval having a continuously rising current. For each section, the final current value is less than the initial current value. After the specified current profile has been passed through, the pin is in a final position in which the pin prevents the valve from moving between open and closed positions.

Abstract: A valve includes a spring having a spring force, an actuator having an actuator force that acts against the spring force, and a tappet that can be actuated by means of the actuator. The valve also includes a sealing element, which is or can be coupled to the tappet, and a sealing seat, such that the valve is closed when the sealing element lies against the sealing seat. A current having a specified curve, proceeding from an initial value of the current to a specified final value of the current, is applied during a specified time interval of the actuator after a closing phase of the valve for a normally open valve or after an opening phase for a normally closed valve. The initial value of the current is less than the final value.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a valve having a spring, a pin, and an actuator for actuating the pin. A current having a specified current profile is applied to the actuator, starting from an initial current value at which the pin is in an initial position in which the pin allows the valve to move between open and closed positions. The current profile includes a section or several consecutive sections, wherein each section defines an initial current value and a final current value, a first time interval having a continuously falling current, and a subsequent second time interval having a continuously rising current. For each section, the final current value is less than the initial current value. After the specified current profile has been passed through, the pin is in a final position in which the pin prevents the valve from moving between open and closed positions.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for detecting when a closing point of a hydraulic valve has been reached. The valve has a closing element operated by an electric actuator. A predetermined voltage for closing the valve is applied to the actuator. A profile of a current flowing through the actuator is detected. Based on a first increase in the profile corresponding to the valve being at least partially open, a subsequent decrease in the profile corresponding to the closing element carrying out a movement to close the valve, and a second increase in the profile following said decrease in the profile, a local minimum of the detected current is determined between the decrease and the second increase in the profile. Depending on the local minimum of the detected current, a closing point is then determined which corresponds to a time point of the local minimum of the detected current.

Abstract: A process for producing a sliding bearing bush in a cast component of lightweight metal, preferably a tensioning lever of a belt tensioner. The process includes the following steps: a die, which forms the seat for a sliding bearing bush to be pressed in and has radially outer groove drawing noses, is inserted into a lightweight metal pressure die-casting die. After the liquid lightweight metal has been injected into the lightweight metal pressure die-casting die and subsequently solidified, the die is then drawn out of the lightweight metal pressure die-casting die in such a way that an aperture, which has a groove profile, is formed as a seat for the sliding bearing bush to be pressed in.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic sugar beet plants having a phenotype of delayed bolting. The invention further relates to polynucleotides that are closely linked to the bolting gene or B gene within the sugar beet genome and can be used for the discrimination between the annual and biennial genotype or between different haplotypes within plant groupings of sugar beet plants exhibiting a biennial genotype.