Abstract: A low drag ship hull generally includes a side air cavity initiated by wetted bow section, bottom air cavity initiated by wetted bottom nosepiece, wetted stem section that closes a lower portion of the side cavity, wetted bottom tailpiece that closes the bottom cavity, stabilizing fin, and propulsor. The bottom of a catamaran hull cross structure includes bow impact alleviator. Optional flaps in the stabilizing fins, together with optional all-movable canard fins are used for control. Different wetted bow sections and retractable means are used for starting side cavities. A low drag hull may utilize multiple air cavities. A new low drag hull includes a new upper bottom air cavity that is initiated by an upper bottom wetted nosepiece, and closed by an upper bottom tailpiece. Alternative designs include a shortened forward hull spaced ahead of a shortened aft hull, and a hydrofoil-supported trimaran with low drag hulls.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of gas cavities to reduce frictional drag on underwater surfaces such as hydrofoils, struts, fins, rudders, keels, propeller blades, ship hulls, underwater bodies, and wetted surfaces in general. Each gas-filled cavity is formed behind a discontinuity in the surface that causes the water boundary layer to separate from the surface. Gas is ejected into a region behind the discontinuity to fill the cavity; the gas can be air. If a cavity is open to the atmosphere, then air can typically fill the cavity naturally without air ejection. Cavities can either be closed or open. A low drag hydrofoil may have a closed cavity on one side, and an open cavity on the other side. For closed cavities, the underlying surface can be shaped to minimize cavity closure drag. Various ways to generate cavities, change hydrodynamic forces, and duct gas internally on hydrofoils and struts with cavities are covered.

Abstract: A method as well as a system are described for determining the travel time of at least one mobile user end device between a starting point (A) and an end point (E) that is spatially separated from it. To this end, specific pieces of information of at least one mobile user end device located at the starting point (A) and at the end point (E) are determined and each linked to a time marker. The specific pieces of information of the mobile user end devices are compared with one another electronically in at least one central processing unit. When the specific pieces of information of a mobile user end device are in agreement at the starting point (A) as well as at the end point (E), the time difference between the time markers is formed electronically in the central processing unit and the travel times are determined therefrom.

Abstract: A control of the charging of a vehicle battery by means of a generator is disclosed. The generator also supplies an electric on-board power supply of a motor vehicle and an additional consuming device with electric power. However, the additional consuming device is supplied with electric power only when the power demand of the on-board power supply has been met.

Abstract: Described are general means and methods of diagnosing and treating the phenotypic spectrum as well as the overlapping clinical characteristics with several forms of inherited abnormal expression and/or function of the CYP2B6 genes. In particular, polynucleotides of molecular variant CYP2B6 genes which, for example, are associated with insufficient metabolization and/or sensitivety of drugs, and vectors comprising such polynucleotides are provided. Furthermore, host cells comprising such polynucleotides or vectors and their use for the production of variant CYP2B6 proteins are described. In addition, variant CYP2B6 proteins and antibodies specifically recognizing such proteins as well as transgenic non-human animals comprising the above-described polynucleotide or vectors are provided. Described are also methods for identifying and obtaining inhibitors for therapy of disorders related to the malfunction of the CYP2B6 gene as well as methods of diagnosing the status of such disorders.

Abstract: The stackable power semiconductor module comprises electrically conductive base plates, an electrically conductive cover plate and a plurality of semiconductor chips. The semiconductor chips are arranged in groups of several on separate base plates in preassembled submodules. The base plates are moveable towards the cover plate. The submodules are paralleled inside the module housing. The submodules are fully testable according to their current ratings. Altering the number of submodules paralleled inside the housing can vary the overall current rating of a module.

Abstract: System and method for, in particular graphical, monitoring and/or remote control of stationary and/or mobile apparatuses The invention relates to a system and a method for, in particular graphical, monitoring and/or remote control of stationary and/or mobile apparatuses (F1 . . .

Abstract: In an IGBT module which is made contact with by pressure and comprises a plurality of individual chips (4) connected in parallel, an additional layer (7) facilitates a stable short circuit. The layer (7), as a foil, as a paste or as a component of the solder, is brought into contact with the main electrodes (5,6) of the semiconductor chip (4). The layer (7) contains, for example, Ag and, together with the semiconductor material, forms a eutectic mixture whose melting point is below that of the two partner materials.

Abstract: A high-power semiconductor module (10) has a number of flat semiconductor chips (14) which rest with their lower face flat on a base plate (11), establishing first electrical contacts, and have a cover plate (13), which is arranged parallel to the base plate (11), applied to their upper face with pressure, establishing second electrical contacts.

Abstract: A power semiconductor module in which at least one semiconductor chip with which contact is made by pressure is electrically connected via a contact element to a main connection. The contact element has two planar contact surfaces, between which a spring element is located. Irrespective of the individual position and height of a chip, the respective spring element ensures a standard contact force. Overloading of the semiconductor chips when the module is being clamped in is prevented by ceramic supporting elements.

Abstract: A high-power semiconductor module having a casing which encloses at least one semiconductor element has an explosion protection element. This explosion protection element is a protective sheath which surrounds at least a portion of the casing and traps fragments which are projected outward in the event of an explosion of the semiconductor element. This prevents people from being injured or adjacent modules from being damaged by such fragments.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing division which calculates a quotient from a dividend and a divisor by using recursive subtraction operations without using carry propagation for each subtraction operation. The apparatus contains a circuit (16) for generating a plurality of quotient digits from the divisor and the dividend. The apparatus also contains a circuit (18, 20) for generating the quotient from the quotient digits.

Abstract: Catheter comprising a catheter shank 2 and a lateral opening 9 spaced from the front open end 4 thereof in which spaced from the lateral opening 9 a conical sealing ring 7 with rearwardly increasing diameter is disposed on the outer wall of the catheter shank 2.

Abstract: Switch elements having a relatively high forward resistance are provided in a broadband signal switching equipment comprising a crosspoint matrix constructed in FET technology and having input driver circuits and output amplifier circuits. The output amplifier circuits each include a cascade network of a CMOS inverter and a D flip-flop, and a switch having a relatively low forward resistance by which the line leading from the switch element to the inverter input is at least approximately reloaded to the potential corresponding to the switching threshold of the inverter. The switch element is reloaded in a preliminary phase of a bit switching time interval, in order, proceeding from that potential, to be reloaded in the following primary phase to the potential corresponding to the respective bit connected therethrough.

Abstract: A digital image processing system has a pipeline bus for transferring addresses and data in parallel among the components of the system, which include an image memory, an address generator and an intensity processor. The pipeline bus includes a pipeline address bus, a pipeline data bus, and a master timing bus. Through the use of handshake signals, the pipeline bus permits a free flow of pipelined data among the components at whatever rate is necessary to complete the particular processing task. Image data is transferred in the form of N.times.N pixel subimage blocks which can be addressed using a single address.

Abstract: Switches having a relatively high forward resistance are provided in a broadband signal switching equipment comprising a crosspoint matrix constructed in field effect transistor technology and provided with input drivers and output amplifiers. The output amplifiers respectively comprise an iterative network of a hysteresis-affected comparator and a D flip-flop, as well as a holding memory and a switch by way of which the holding memory is reloaded in a respective primary phase of a bit switching time interval. The reloading occurs at least approximately to the potential momentarily prevailing on the output line section leading away from the switch, this potential then continuing to be maintained at the second comparator input in the following switching phase.

Abstract: An rpm governor for fuel-injected internal combustion engines is proposed, in particular a centrifugal rpm governor of an injection pump for Diesel motor vehicles, in which the idling rpm is also held constant when the engine is cold or loaded by additional consumers, in order to assure smooth running of the engine and the most favorable values for fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. The governor contains an idling correction apparatus with an electromagnet, which transmits an additional adjustment force, which is preferably independent of travel distance and variable only by the energizing current of a control circuit, onto the governor member via a transmission element. By means of varying or switching on or off of the adjustment force, the idling rpm which is fixed by the initial stress of an idling spring for the warm and unloaded engine is also held constant under changing operational conditions.

Abstract: A centrifugal governor for fuel injected internal combustion engines is proposed, especially an idling and final rpm governor for Diesel vehicle engines, in which the sudden emission of smoke upon starting of a heavily loaded engine is prevented. The improved governor comprises an additional idling spring secured on a force transmitting lever which is acted upon by the main control spring and by means of which additional idling spring in the idling setting of the service lever the restoring force of the idling spring on a portion (b) of the idling sleeve path (a) is amplified. This force of the additional idling spring is, however, made at least partially ineffective by a thrust member when the service lever is pivoted into the full-load position.

Abstract: A control device for the fuel supply system of a fuel-injected internal combustion engine provided with a correcting device, which changes the adjusting path and/or the full load position of the fuel quantity adjusting member of the fuel metering device in dependence on operational values the operation of which is made visible by means of a signal indicator. The adjusting member of the correcting device is provided with opposed walls either of which is arranged to cooperate with a stop which is connected to the electrical circuit of the signal indicator, with the stop being mounted in the governor housing in such a manner that it is electrically insulated therefrom.